无法从本体检索实例

Question

我将新用户配置文件的实例插入到本体中。但是，我无法使用SPARQL SELECT查询正确检索它。

此查询不返回任何内容。

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> 
PREFIX owl: <http://test.com/my-ontology.owl#> 

SELECT DISTINCT ?class ?birthyear ?gender
WHERE {
  ?class a owl:UserProfile.
  OPTIONAL { ?class owl:birthyear ?birthyear}
  OPTIONAL { ?class owl:gender ?gender}
}
LIMIT 25

但是，如果我放下?class a owl:UserProfile.，此查询将返回正确的结果：

class             birthyear    gender
owl:userProf_ES   1984         male

我也尝试过此查询，但它也返回空结果：

SELECT DISTINCT ?class ?type ?birthyear ?gender
WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type ?type.
  ?type rdfs:subClassOf owl:User.
  OPTIONAL { ?class owl:birthyear ?birthyear}
  OPTIONAL { ?class owl:gender ?gender}
}
LIMIT 25

为什么会发生？

只需提及UserProfile是User的子类。此外，Protégé的UserProfile具有以下属性：

这是我将实例插入本体的方式：

PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> 
PREFIX owl: <http://www.test.com/my-ontology.owl#> 
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX oo:  <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> 

INSERT { 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:name 'Roger' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:nationalityCode 'ES' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:languageCode 'es_ES' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:gender 'male' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:birthyear 1984 . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:purchasingPower 'medium' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:buyingBehaviour 'bargain' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:travelingBehaviour 'traveler' . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:lblSporty true . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:lblFamily true . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:lblWorker false . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:lblHealthy true . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:lblGamer false . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:hasNationality owl:ES . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:hasSpokenLanguage owl:es_ES . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:hasTravelingBehaviour owl:traveler . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:hasBuyingBehaviour owl:bargain . 
  owl:userProf_ES owl:hasPurchasingPower owl:medium . 
} 
WHERE {
  FILTER NOT EXISTS { 
    owl:userProf_ES rdf:type owl:UserProfile . 
  } 
} 

Answer 1

如AKSW用户所提到的，INSERT部分缺少三元组owl:userProf_ES rdf:type owl:UserProfile .，将缺失的部分添加到INSERT子句后，一切开始正常工作。