Question

我有一个根据JSON创建的字典。我想通过包含它们的键的数组来访问字典中的项目。可视化JSON：

{
  "name": "Chiel",
  "industry": {
    "IndustryName": "Computer Science",
    "company": {
      "companyName": "Apple",
      "address": {
        "streetName": "Apple Park Way",
        "streetNumber": "1"
      }
    }
  },
  "hobby": {
    "hobbyName": "Music production",
    "genre": {
      "genreName": "Deep house",
      "genreYearOrigin": "1980"
    }
  }
}

请参见以下代码示例：

#create dict
jsonData = '{"name":"Chiel","industry":{"IndustryName":"Computer Science","company":{"companyName":"Apple","address":{"streetName":"Apple Park Way","streetNumber":"1"}}},"hobby":{"hobbyName":"Music production","genre":{"genreName":"Deep house","genreYearOrigin":"1980"}}}'
dictionary = json.loads(jsonData)

#Referencing dict for 'streetName', from array, hardcoded.    
companyElements = ["industry", "company", "address", "streetName"]
print(dictionary[companyElements[0]][companyElements[1]][companyElements[2]][companyElements[3]])

#Referencing dict for 'genreName', from array, hardcoded.    
hobbyElements = ["hobby", "genre", "genreName"]
print(dictionary[hobbyElements[0]][hobbyElements[1]][hobbyElements[2]])

问题在于，对字典的访问已完成硬编码。换句话说，有使用的数字（0、1、2、3）。

是否可以通过数组访问字典，但进行软编码？那么在不使用数字的情况下将数组（或其他数据结构）传递给字典吗？如果是这样，一个人怎么能做到这一点？

Answer 1

（从您提供的示例中）可能的解决方案是：

def get_element(dictionary, array):
   x = dictionary.copy()
   for i in array:
      x = x[i]
   return x

companyElements = ["industry", "company", "address", "streetName"]
hobbyElements = ["hobby", "genre", "genreName"]

print(get_element(dictionary, companyElements))
print(get_element(dictionary, hobbyElements))

Answer 2

您可以编写一个迭代给定键的函数。

请注意，如果JSON中缺少一个或多个键，则以下实现将不会捕获异常：

import json
import copy
#create dict
jsonData = '{"name":"Chiel","industry":{"IndustryName":"Computer Science","company":{"companyName":"Apple","address":{"streetName":"Apple Park Way","streetNumber":"1"}}},"hobby":{"hobbyName":"Music production","genre":{"genreName":"Deep house","genreYearOrigin":"1980"}}}'
dictionary = json.loads(jsonData)

#Referencing dict for 'streetName', from array, hardcoded.
companyElements = ["industry", "company", "address", "streetName"]

#Referencing dict for 'genreName', from array, hardcoded.
hobbyElements = ["hobby", "genre", "genreName"]

def get_dict_value(data, keys):
    result = copy.deepcopy(data)
    for key in keys:
        result = result[key]
    return result

print( get_dict_value(dictionary, companyElements) )
print( get_dict_value(dictionary, hobbyElements) )

结果：

Apple Park Way
Deep house

Answer 3

您可以使用pandas库。因为它是用C编写的，所以它在Python中非常有效地处理文件操作。您可以在Pandas中使用json_normalize函数来完成此任务。

参考-https://www.kaggle.com/jboysen/quick-tutorial-flatten-nested-json-in-pandas

import json
file=open('kk.json')
inp=json.load(file)
print(json_normalize(inp))

使用带有软编码数组

3 个答案: