Question

我们有一个面向客户的网站和一个用于创建用户的后台。当在我们的Developer机器上的IIS Express上运行两个应用程序时，使用带有重置密码的欢迎电子邮件创建新用户的过程将完美无缺。但是，当我们部署应用程序并将应用程序托管在具有不同应用程序池标识的不同IIS服务器上时，它将停止工作。

我们已经能够在同一台服务器上离线复制错误，但使用不同的应用程序池标识。如果我们进行切换，以使应用程序在IIS中使用相同的应用程序池标识，则一切将再次开始工作。

后台：

applicationDbContext = new ApplicationDbContext();
userManager = new ApplicationUserManager(new ApplicationUserStore(applicationDbContext), applicationDbContext);
var createdUser = userManager.FindByEmail(newUser.Email);
var provider = new DpapiDataProtectionProvider("Application.Project");
userManager.UserTokenProvider = new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser, int>(provider.Create("ASP.NET Identity"));
var token = userManager.GeneratePasswordResetToken(createdUser.Id);

客户门户：

var applicationDbContext = new ApplicationDbContext();
userManager = new ApplicationUserManager(new ApplicationUserStore(applicationDbContext), applicationDbContext);

var user = await userManager.FindByEmailAsync(model.Email);
if (user == null)
{
    return GetErrorResult(IdentityResult.Failed());
}

var provider = new DpapiDataProtectionProvider("Application.Project");
userManager.UserTokenProvider = new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser, int>(provider.Create("ASP.NET Identity"));

//This code fails with different Application Pool Identities
if (!await userManager.UserTokenProvider.ValidateAsync("ResetPassword", model.Token, userManager, user))
{
    return GetErrorResult(IdentityResult.Failed());
}

var result = await userManager.ResetPasswordAsync(user.Id, model.Token, model.NewPassword);

IdentityResult说Succeeded为假，但没有错误代码。无论如何，还是我们需要自己实现令牌生成和验证？

Answer 1

事实证明这有点棘手。找到了一些引用，但他们在同一服务器上使用了MachineKey。我希望它可以完全位于不同的服务器和用户之间。

Data Protection provider across Asp.NET Core and Framework (generate password reset link)

由于没有得到错误代码，因此我开始在ValidateAsync的帮助下实现自己的DataProtectionTokenProvider.cs，以获取ASP.NET Core Identity。该课程确实帮助我找到了解决方案。

https://github.com/aspnet/Identity/blob/master/src/Identity/DataProtectionTokenProvider.cs

我最终遇到以下错误：

密钥在指定状态下无效。

使用SecurityStamp时，会从DataProtectorTokenProvider<TUser, TKey>生成令牌，但是很难深入挖掘。但是，考虑到在单个服务器上更改Application Pool Identity时验证失败，则表明实际的保护机制如下所示：

System.Security.Cryptography.ProtectedData.Protect(userData, entropy, DataProtectionScope.CurrentUser);

考虑到所有站点都使用相同的Application Pool Identity也是可行的。也可以是DataProtectionProvider和protectionDescriptor "LOCAL=user"。

new DataProtectionProvider("LOCAL=user")

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/aspnet/dn613280(v%3dvs.108)

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.security.cryptography.dataprotector?view=netframework-4.7.2

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/uwp/api/windows.security.cryptography.dataprotection.dataprotectionprovider

在阅读有关DpapiDataProtectionProvider（DPAPI代表数据保护应用程序编程接口）时，描述如下：

用于提供源自以下内容的数据保护服务：数据保护API。当您进行数据保护时，它是最佳的选择应用程序不是由ASP.NET托管，并且所有进程都以 相同的域标识。

Create方法的用途描述为：

用于确保受保护数据的附加熵只能是出于正确目的未受保护。

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/aspnet/dn253784(v%3dvs.113)

鉴于此信息，我在尝试使用Microsoft提供的普通类方面没有前进的方向。

我最终实现了自己的IUserTokenProvider<TUser, TKey>，IDataProtectionProvider和IDataProtector来代替它。

我选择用证书实现IDataProtector，因为我可以相对容易地在服务器之间传输证书。我也可以通过运行网站的X509Store从Application Pool Identity进行选择，因此应用程序本身不会存储任何密钥。

public class CertificateProtectorTokenProvider<TUser, TKey> : IUserTokenProvider<TUser, TKey>
    where TUser : class, IUser<TKey>
    where TKey : IEquatable<TKey>
{
    private IDataProtector protector;

    public CertificateProtectorTokenProvider(IDataProtector protector)
    {
        this.protector = protector;
    }
    public virtual async Task<string> GenerateAsync(string purpose, UserManager<TUser, TKey> manager, TUser user)
    {
        if (user == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
        }
        var ms = new MemoryStream();
        using (var writer = new BinaryWriter(ms, new UTF8Encoding(false, true), true))
        {
            writer.Write(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.UtcTicks);
            writer.Write(Convert.ToInt32(user.Id));
            writer.Write(purpose ?? "");
            string stamp = null;
            if (manager.SupportsUserSecurityStamp)
            {
                stamp = await manager.GetSecurityStampAsync(user.Id);
            }
            writer.Write(stamp ?? "");
        }
        var protectedBytes = protector.Protect(ms.ToArray());
        return Convert.ToBase64String(protectedBytes);
    }

    public virtual async Task<bool> ValidateAsync(string purpose, string token, UserManager<TUser, TKey> manager, TUser user)
    {
        try
        {
            var unprotectedData = protector.Unprotect(Convert.FromBase64String(token));
            var ms = new MemoryStream(unprotectedData);
            using (var reader = new BinaryReader(ms, new UTF8Encoding(false, true), true))
            {
                var creationTime = new DateTimeOffset(reader.ReadInt64(), TimeSpan.Zero);
                var expirationTime = creationTime + TimeSpan.FromDays(1);
                if (expirationTime < DateTimeOffset.UtcNow)
                {
                    return false;
                }

                var userId = reader.ReadInt32();
                var actualUser = await manager.FindByIdAsync(user.Id);
                var actualUserId = Convert.ToInt32(actualUser.Id);
                if (userId != actualUserId)
                {
                    return false;
                }
                var purp = reader.ReadString();
                if (!string.Equals(purp, purpose))
                {
                    return false;
                }
                var stamp = reader.ReadString();
                if (reader.PeekChar() != -1)
                {
                    return false;
                }

                if (manager.SupportsUserSecurityStamp)
                {
                    return stamp == await manager.GetSecurityStampAsync(user.Id);
                }
                return stamp == "";
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            // Do not leak exception
        }
        return false;
    }

    public Task NotifyAsync(string token, UserManager<TUser, TKey> manager, TUser user)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    public Task<bool> IsValidProviderForUserAsync(UserManager<TUser, TKey> manager, TUser user)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

public class CertificateProtectionProvider : IDataProtectionProvider
{
    public IDataProtector Create(params string[] purposes)
    {
        return new CertificateDataProtector(purposes);
    }
}

public class CertificateDataProtector : IDataProtector
{
    private readonly string[] _purposes;

    private X509Certificate2 cert;

    public CertificateDataProtector(string[] purposes)
    {
        _purposes = purposes;
        X509Store store = null;

        store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.LocalMachine);
        store.Open(OpenFlags.OpenExistingOnly | OpenFlags.ReadOnly);

        var certificateThumbprint = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["CertificateThumbprint"].ToUpper();

        cert = store.Certificates.Cast<X509Certificate2>()
            .FirstOrDefault(x => x.GetCertHashString()
                .Equals(certificateThumbprint, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
    }

    public byte[] Protect(byte[] userData)
    {
        using (RSA rsa = cert.GetRSAPrivateKey())
        {
            // OAEP allows for multiple hashing algorithms, what was formermly just "OAEP" is
            // now OAEP-SHA1.
            return rsa.Encrypt(userData, RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA1);
        }
    }

    public byte[] Unprotect(byte[] protectedData)
    {
        // GetRSAPrivateKey returns an object with an independent lifetime, so it should be
        // handled via a using statement.
        using (RSA rsa = cert.GetRSAPrivateKey())
        {
            return rsa.Decrypt(protectedData, RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA1);
        }
    }
}

客户网站重置：

var provider = new CertificateProtectionProvider();
var protector = provider.Create("ResetPassword");

userManager.UserTokenProvider = new CertificateProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser, int>(protector);

if (!await userManager.UserTokenProvider.ValidateAsync("ResetPassword", model.Token, UserManager, user))
{
    return GetErrorResult(IdentityResult.Failed());
}

var result = await userManager.ResetPasswordAsync(user.Id, model.Token, model.NewPassword);

后台：

var createdUser = userManager.FindByEmail(newUser.Email);

var provider = new CertificateProtectionProvider();
var protector = provider.Create("ResetPassword");

userManager.UserTokenProvider = new CertificateProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser, int>(protector);
var token = userManager.GeneratePasswordResetToken(createdUser.Id);

有关常规DataProtectorTokenProvider<TUser, TKey>的工作原理的更多信息：

https://stackoverflow.com/a/53390287/3850405

Asp.Net身份从一个应用程序池身份生成密码重置令牌，并在另一个上进行验证

1 个答案: