Question

在R中，我有一系列字符串，例如：

“新建：\ r \ nRemote_UI：无法启动Apple CarPlay应用程序（P3_DA18018395_012）（91735）\ r \ n媒体：首次将iPhone授权为BTA设备后，当用户从“当前曲目列表”（DA18018395_015）中选择一首歌曲\ r \ n \ r \ n已知：\ r \ nHWR在导航条目中未读出（89412）”

我想得到类似的东西：

New:
[1] Remote_UI: Apple CarPlay application cannot be started (P3_DA18018395_012) (91735)
[2] Media: After an iPhone is authorised as BTA device for the first time, Entertainment volume is abruptly set to zero when the user picks a song from "Current tracklist" (DA18018395_015)

Known:
[1] HWR in navigation entry is not read out (89412)

请注意，可能只有“新建”，只有“已知”，没有一个或两个都以不同的顺序排列。有任何想法吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以使用

x <- "New:\r\nRemote_UI: Apple CarPlay application cannot be started (P3_DA18018395_012) (91735)\r\nMedia: After an iPhone is authorised as BTA device for the first time, Entertainment volume is abruptly set to zero when the user picks a song from \"Current tracklist\" (DA18018395_015)\r\n\r\nKnown:\r\nHWR in navigation entry is not read out (89412)"
New <- regmatches(x, gregexpr("(?:\\G(?!\\A)\\R+|New:\\R+)\\K.+(?!\\R+\\w+:\\R)", x, perl=TRUE))
Known <- regmatches(x, gregexpr("(?:\\G(?!\\A)\\R+|Known:\\R+)\\K.+(?!\\R+\\w+:\\R)", x, perl=TRUE))

请参见R demo online。

输出：

[[1]]
[1] "Remote_UI: Apple CarPlay application cannot be started (P3_DA18018395_012) (91735)\r"                                                                                                     
[2] "Media: After an iPhone is authorised as BTA device for the first time, Entertainment volume is abruptly set to zero when the user picks a song from \"Current tracklist\" (DA18018395_015"

[[1]]
[1] "HWR in navigation entry is not read out (89412)"

使用的正则表达式是

(?:\G(?!\A)\R+|New:\R+)\K.+(?!\R+\w+:\R)

请参见regex demo online。第二个正则表达式与此区别仅在于字面量Known。

详细信息

(?:\G(?!\A)\R+|New:\R+)-上一场比赛的结束和1个以上的换行符（\G(?!\A)\R+或（|）New:，然后是1个或多个换行符（{{ 1}}）
\R+-匹配重置运算符会丢弃到目前为止匹配的整个文本
\K-尽可能多加1个以上的字符，而不是换行符
.+-如果在当前位置的右边立即存在以下条件，则匹配失败的否定前行：
- (?!\R+\w+:\R)-1个以上的换行符，
- \R+-1个以上的字符字符
- \w+-冒号
- :-换行符。

用开始和结束字符串分开字符串

1 个答案: