我正在尝试了解如何制作优质的多线程TCP服务器的正确方法。
这是我到目前为止所拥有的：
public class WorldServer
{
public List<ServerClient> clients = new List<ServerClient>();
public int port = 8080;
public TcpListener server;
private bool serverStarted;
private int connectionIncrementor;
private MySQLConnection mySQLConnection = new MySQLConnection();
private MySqlConnection mysqlConn = null;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
WorldServer serverInstance = new WorldServer();
Console.WriteLine("Starting World Server...");
try
{
serverInstance.mysqlConn = new MySqlConnection(serverInstance.mySQLConnection.mysqlConnectionString);
serverInstance.mysqlConn.Open();
Console.WriteLine("Connected to MySQL version: " + serverInstance.mysqlConn.ServerVersion + "\n");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("MySQL Error: " + e.ToString());
}
finally
{
if (serverInstance.mysqlConn != null)
{
serverInstance.mysqlConn.Close();
}
}
serverInstance.clients = new List<ServerClient>();
try
{
serverInstance.server = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, serverInstance.port);
serverInstance.server.Start();
serverInstance.StartListening();
serverInstance.serverStarted = true;
Console.WriteLine("Server has been started on port: " + serverInstance.port);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Socket error: " + e.Message);
}
while (true)
{
serverInstance.Update();
}
}
private void Update()
{
//Console.WriteLine("Call");
if (!serverStarted)
{
return;
}
foreach (ServerClient c in clients.ToList())
{
//Check if TCP is not null
if (c.tcp == null)
return;
// Is the client still connected?
if (!IsConnected(c.tcp))
{
c.tcp.Close();
clients.Remove(c);
Console.WriteLine(c.connectionId + " has disconnected.");
continue;
//Console.WriteLine("Check for connection?\n");
}
else
{
// Check for message from Client.
NetworkStream s = c.tcp.GetStream();
if (s.DataAvailable)
{
string data = c.streamReader.ReadLine();
if (data != null)
{
if (ValidateJSON(data))
{
Thread incomingData = new Thread(() => OnIncomingData(c, data));
incomingData.Start();
}
}
}
//continue;
}
}
}
public bool ValidateJSON(string s)
{
try
{
JToken.Parse(s);
return true;
}
catch (JsonReaderException ex)
{
Trace.WriteLine(ex);
return false;
}
}
private void OnIncomingData(ServerClient c, string data)
{
dynamic json = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(data);
string header = json.header;
//Console.WriteLine("HEADER ID:" + json.header);
string connId = json.connectionId;
int.TryParse(connId, out int connectionId);
int characterId = 0;
Dictionary<string, string> receivedData = new Dictionary<string, string>();
if (json.data != null)
{
receivedData = json.data.ToObject<Dictionary<string, string>>();
}
if (json.data["characterId"] != null)
{
characterId = json.data["characterId"];
}
string prefix = header.Substring(0, 2);
if (prefix != "1x")
{
Console.WriteLine("Unknown packet: " + data + "\n");
}
else
{
string HeaderPacket = header.Substring(2);
switch (HeaderPacket)
{
default:
Console.WriteLine("Unknown packet: " + data + "\n");
break;
case "004":
Console.WriteLine("Test Packet"); ;
break;
}
}
//Broadcast(null, data, clients);
//Console.WriteLine(c.clientName + " has sent the following message :" + data);
}
public bool IsConnected(TcpClient c)
{
try
{
if (c != null && c.Client != null && c.Client.Connected)
{
if (c.Client.Poll(0, SelectMode.SelectRead))
{
return !(c.Client.Receive(new byte[1], SocketFlags.Peek) == 0);
}
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
private void StartListening()
{
server.BeginAcceptTcpClient(OnConnection, server);
}
private void OnConnection(IAsyncResult ar)
{
connectionIncrementor++;
TcpListener listener = (TcpListener)ar.AsyncState;
clients.Add(new ServerClient(listener.EndAcceptTcpClient(ar)));
clients[clients.Count - 1].connectionId = connectionIncrementor;
StartListening();
//Send a message to everyone, say someone has connected!
Dictionary<string, object> SendDataBroadcast = new Dictionary<string, object>();
SendDataBroadcast.Add("connectionId", clients[clients.Count - 1].connectionId);
Broadcast("001", SendDataBroadcast, clients[clients.Count - 1].connectionId);
Console.WriteLine(clients[clients.Count - 1].connectionId + " has connected.");
}
public void Broadcast(string header, Dictionary<string, object> data, int cnnId = 0)
{
string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data, Formatting.Indented);
foreach (ServerClient c in clients)
{
try
{
if (header == null)
{
header = "000";
}
JsonData SendData = new JsonData();
SendData.header = "0x" + header;
SendData.data = JObject.Parse(jsonData);
SendData.connectionId = cnnId;
string JSonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(SendData);
//Console.WriteLine("SENDING: " + JSonData);
c.streamWriter.WriteLine(JSonData);
c.streamWriter.Flush();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Write error : " + e.Message + " to client " + c.connectionId);
}
}
}
public void Send(string header, Dictionary<string, object> data, int cnnId)
{
string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data, Formatting.Indented);
foreach (ServerClient c in clients.ToList())
{
if (c.connectionId == cnnId)
{
try
{
//Console.WriteLine("Sending...");
if (header == null)
{
header = "000";
}
JsonData SendData = new JsonData();
SendData.header = "0x" + header;
SendData.data = JObject.Parse(jsonData);
SendData.connectionId = cnnId;
string JSonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(SendData);
c.streamWriter.WriteLine(JSonData);
c.streamWriter.Flush();
//Console.WriteLine("Trying to send data to connection id: " + cnnId + " data:" + sendData);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Write error : " + e.Message + " to client " + c.connectionId);
}
}
}
}
}
public class ServerClient
{
public TcpClient tcp;
public StreamReader streamReader;
public StreamWriter streamWriter;
public int accountId;
public int connectionId;
public ServerClient(TcpClient clientSocket)
{
tcp = clientSocket;
streamReader = new StreamReader(tcp.GetStream(), false);
streamWriter = new StreamWriter(tcp.GetStream());
clientSocket.NoDelay = true;
}
}
TCP服务器正常工作。但是我真的不确定这是否是我可以采取的最佳方法。
OnIncomingData上创建一个新线程？Send和Broadcast上创建一个新线程吗？foreach (ServerClient c in clients.ToList())收到错误消息。可能是什么原因造成的？ 答案 0 :(得分：-2)
去年，我为OP编写了一个代码，该代码是一个TCP Server，然后又写入了SQL Server。几分钟前，我修改了该代码以使其更通用。所做的更改未经测试，但原始代码运行良好。我使用了异步发送和接收。我还使用了fifo将消息从传输层发送到应用程序层。参见下面的代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Timers;
using System.Threading;
namespace TCP_Server
{
public class StateObject
{
public long connectionNumber = -1;
public Socket workSocket { get; set; }
public byte[] buffer { get; set; }
public int fifoCount { get; set; }
}
public enum PROCESS_STATE
{
ACCEPT,
READ,
PROCESS,
UNPACK
}
public enum UNPACK_STATUS
{
ERROR,
NOT_ENOUGH_BYTES,
BAD_CRC,
GOOD_MESSAGE,
DEFAULT
}
public enum PROTOCOL_NUMBER
{
LOGIN_MESSAGE,
NONE
}
class Program
{
const string IP = "127.0.0.1";
const int PORT = 8841;
const Boolean test = true;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Server server = new Server(IP, PORT, test);
Console.WriteLine("Connection Ended");
}
}
public class Server
{
const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
const string CONNECT_STRING = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=MyDataTable;Integrated Security=SSPI;";
const string LOGIN_INSERT_COMMMAND_TEXT = "use MyTable INSERT INTO Login (TerminalID,Date) VALUES(@TerminalID,@Date)";
const string LOCATION_INSERT_COMMMAND_TEXT = "INSERT INTO MyTable (CurrTime, Message)" +
"VALUES (@CurrTime, @Message)";
static SqlConnection conn = null;
static SqlCommand cmdLogin = null;
static SqlCommand cmdLocation = null;
static long connectionNumber = 0;
//mapping of connection number to StateObject
static Dictionary<long, KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>> connectionDict = new Dictionary<long, KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>>();
//fifo contains list of connections number wait with receive data
public static List<long> fifo = new List<long>();
public static AutoResetEvent allDone = new AutoResetEvent(false);
public static AutoResetEvent acceptDone = new AutoResetEvent(false);
public enum DATABASE_MESSAGE_TYPE
{
LOGIN,
LOCATION
}
public class WriteDBMessage
{
public DATABASE_MESSAGE_TYPE message { get; set; }
}
public class WriteDBMessageLogin : WriteDBMessage
{
public DateTime date { get; set; }
public string message { get; set; }
}
public class WriteDBMessageLocation : WriteDBMessage
{
public DateTime currTime { get; set; }
public byte[] message { get; set; }
}
public static class WriteDBAsync
{
public enum Mode
{
READ,
WRITE
}
public static List<WriteDBMessage> fifo = new List<WriteDBMessage>();
public static System.Timers.Timer timer = null;
public static void WriteDatabase()
{
timer = new System.Timers.Timer(1000);
timer.Elapsed += Timer_Elapsed;
timer.Start();
}
public static WriteDBMessage ReadWriteFifo(Mode mode, WriteDBMessage message)
{
Object thisLock2 = new Object();
lock (thisLock2)
{
switch (mode)
{
case Mode.READ:
if (fifo.Count > 0)
{
message = fifo[0];
fifo.RemoveAt(0);
}
break;
case Mode.WRITE:
fifo.Add(message);
break;
}
}
return message;
}
static void Timer_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
timer.Enabled = false;
WriteDBMessage row = null;
int rowsAdded = 0;
uint number = 0;
try
{
while ((row = ReadWriteFifo(Mode.READ, null)) != null)
{
switch (row.message)
{
case DATABASE_MESSAGE_TYPE.LOGIN:
cmdLogin.Parameters["@Date"].Value = ((WriteDBMessageLogin)row).date;
rowsAdded = cmdLogin.ExecuteNonQuery();
break;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Console.WriteLine("Error : '{0}'", ex.Message);
}
timer.Enabled = true;
}
}
public Server(string IP, int port, Boolean test)
{
try
{
conn = new SqlConnection(CONNECT_STRING);
conn.Open();
cmdLogin = new SqlCommand(LOGIN_INSERT_COMMMAND_TEXT, conn);
cmdLogin.Parameters.Add("@TerminalID", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 8);
cmdLogin.Parameters.Add("@Date", SqlDbType.DateTime);
cmdLocation = new SqlCommand(LOCATION_INSERT_COMMMAND_TEXT, conn);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@IMEI", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@TrackTime", SqlDbType.DateTime);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@currTime", SqlDbType.DateTime);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@Longitude", SqlDbType.NChar, 50);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@Lattitude", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
cmdLocation.Parameters.Add("@speed", SqlDbType.Float);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error : '{0}'", ex.Message);
//Console.ReadLine();
return;
}
try
{
//initialize the timer for writing to database.
WriteDBAsync.WriteDatabase();
StartListening(IP, port, test);
// Open 2nd listener to simulate two devices, Only for testing
//StartListening(IP, port + 1, test);
ProcessMessages();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error : '{0}'", ex.Message);
//Console.ReadLine();
return;
}
}
public void StartListening(string IP, int port, Boolean test)
{
try
{
// Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
// The DNS name of the computer
// running the listener is "host.contoso.com".
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry(IP); //Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName());
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
//IPAddress local = IPAddress.Parse(IP);
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = null;
if (test)
{
localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, port);
}
else
{
localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, port);
}
// Create a TCP/IP socket.
Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// Bind the socket to the local endpoint and listen for incoming connections.
allDone.Reset();
acceptDone.Reset();
listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
listener.Listen(100);
//login code, wait for 1st message
Console.WriteLine("Wait 5 seconds for login message");
listener.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback), listener);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
public void ProcessMessages()
{
UInt16 sendCRC = 0;
DateTime date;
int year = 0;
int month = 0;
int day = 0;
int hour = 0;
int minute = 0;
int second = 0;
KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> byteState;
KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]> status;
byte[] receiveMessage = null;
StateObject state = null;
byte[] serialNumber = null;
byte[] serverFlagBit = null;
byte[] stringArray = null;
string stringMessage = "";
byte lengthOfCommand = 0;
PROTOCOL_NUMBER protocolNumber = PROTOCOL_NUMBER.NONE;
try
{
Boolean firstMessage = true;
acceptDone.Set();
//loop forever
while (true)
{
allDone.WaitOne();
//read fifo until empty
while (true)
{
//read one connection until buffer doesn't contain any more packets
byteState = ReadWrite(PROCESS_STATE.PROCESS, null, null, -1);
if (byteState.Value.fifoCount == -1) break;
state = byteState.Value;
while (true)
{
status = Unpack(byteState);
if (status.Key == UNPACK_STATUS.NOT_ENOUGH_BYTES)
break;
if (status.Key == UNPACK_STATUS.ERROR)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error : Bad Receive Message, Data");
break;
}
//message is 2 start bytes + 1 byte (message length) + 1 byte message length + 2 end bytes
receiveMessage = status.Value;
int messageLength = receiveMessage[2];
Console.WriteLine("Status : '{0}', Receive Message : '{1}'", status.Key == UNPACK_STATUS.GOOD_MESSAGE ? "Good" : "Bad", BytesToString(receiveMessage.Take(messageLength + 5).ToArray()));
if (status.Key != UNPACK_STATUS.GOOD_MESSAGE)
{
break;
}
else
{
if (firstMessage)
{
if (receiveMessage[3] != 0x01)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error : Expected Login Message : '{0}'", BytesToString(receiveMessage));
break;
}
firstMessage = false;
}
//skip start bytes, message length. then go back 4 bytes (CRC and serial number)
serialNumber = receiveMessage.Skip(2 + 1 + messageLength - 4).Take(2).ToArray();
protocolNumber = (PROTOCOL_NUMBER)receiveMessage[3];
Console.WriteLine("Protocol Number : '{0}'", protocolNumber.ToString());
switch (protocolNumber)
{
case PROTOCOL_NUMBER.LOGIN_MESSAGE:
break;
} //end switch
}// End if
} //end while
}//end while fifo > 0
allDone.Reset();
}//end while true
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
static string BytesToString(byte[] bytes)
{
return string.Join("", bytes.Select(x => x.ToString("X2")));
}
static KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]> Unpack(KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> bitState)
{
List<byte> working_buffer = bitState.Key;
//return null indicates an error
if (working_buffer.Count() < 3) return new KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]>(UNPACK_STATUS.NOT_ENOUGH_BYTES, null);
int len = working_buffer[2];
if (working_buffer.Count < len + 5) return new KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]>(UNPACK_STATUS.NOT_ENOUGH_BYTES, null);
// check start and end bytes
// remove message fro workig buffer and dictionary
KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> byteState = ReadWrite(PROCESS_STATE.UNPACK, null, null, bitState.Value.connectionNumber);
if (byteState.Key.Count == 0) return new KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]>(UNPACK_STATUS.ERROR, null);
List<byte> packet = byteState.Key;
//crc test
byte[] crc = packet.Skip(len + 1).Take(2).ToArray();
ushort crcShort = (ushort)((crc[0] << 8) | crc[1]);
//skip start bytes, crc, and end bytes
return new KeyValuePair<UNPACK_STATUS, byte[]>(UNPACK_STATUS.GOOD_MESSAGE, packet.ToArray());
}
static KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> ReadWrite(PROCESS_STATE ps, Socket handler, IAsyncResult ar, long unpackConnectionNumber)
{
KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(); ;
StateObject stateObject = null;
int bytesRead = -1;
int workingBufferLen = 0;
List<byte> working_buffer = null;
byte[] buffer = null;
Object thisLock1 = new Object();
lock (thisLock1)
{
switch (ps)
{
case PROCESS_STATE.ACCEPT:
acceptDone.WaitOne();
acceptDone.Reset();
stateObject = new StateObject();
stateObject.buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
connectionDict.Add(connectionNumber, new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(new List<byte>(), stateObject));
stateObject.connectionNumber = connectionNumber++;
stateObject.workSocket = handler;
byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(null, stateObject);
acceptDone.Set();
break;
case PROCESS_STATE.READ:
//catch when client disconnects
//wait if accept is being called
//acceptDone.WaitOne();
try
{
stateObject = ar.AsyncState as StateObject;
// Read data from the client socket.
bytesRead = stateObject.workSocket.EndReceive(ar);
if (bytesRead > 0)
{
byteState = connectionDict[stateObject.connectionNumber];
buffer = new byte[bytesRead];
Array.Copy(byteState.Value.buffer, buffer, bytesRead);
byteState.Key.AddRange(buffer);
}
//only put one instance of connection number into fifo
if (!fifo.Contains(byteState.Value.connectionNumber))
{
fifo.Add(byteState.Value.connectionNumber);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//will get here if client disconnects
fifo.RemoveAll(x => x == byteState.Value.connectionNumber);
connectionDict.Remove(byteState.Value.connectionNumber);
byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(new List<byte>(), null);
}
break;
case PROCESS_STATE.PROCESS:
if (fifo.Count > 0)
{
//get message from working buffer
//unpack will later delete message
//remove connection number from fifo
// the list in the key in known as the working buffer
byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(connectionDict[fifo[0]].Key, connectionDict[fifo[0]].Value);
fifo.RemoveAt(0);
//put a valid value in fifoCount so -1 below can be detected.
byteState.Value.fifoCount = fifo.Count;
}
else
{
//getting here is normal when there is no more work to be performed
//set fifocount to zero so rest of code know fifo was empty so code waits for next receive message
byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(null, new StateObject() { fifoCount = -1 });
}
break;
case PROCESS_STATE.UNPACK:
try
{
working_buffer = connectionDict[unpackConnectionNumber].Key;
workingBufferLen = working_buffer[2];
if ((working_buffer[0] != 0x78) && (working_buffer[1] != 0x78) && (working_buffer[workingBufferLen + 3] != 0x0D) && (working_buffer[workingBufferLen + 4] != 0x0A))
{
working_buffer.Clear();
return new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(new List<byte>(), null);
}
List<byte> packet = working_buffer.GetRange(0, workingBufferLen + 5);
working_buffer.RemoveRange(0, workingBufferLen + 5);
byteState = new KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject>(packet, null);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
int testPoint = 0;
}
break;
}// end switch
}
return byteState;
}
public static void AcceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
// Get the socket that handles the client request.
// Retrieve the state object and the handler socket
// from the asynchronous state object.
Socket listener = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
Socket handler = listener.EndAccept(ar);
// Create the state object.
StateObject state = ReadWrite(PROCESS_STATE.ACCEPT, handler, ar, -1).Value;
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
int myerror = -1;
}
}
public static void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
StateObject state = ar.AsyncState as StateObject;
Socket handler = state.workSocket;
// Read data from the client socket.
KeyValuePair<List<byte>, StateObject> byteState = ReadWrite(PROCESS_STATE.READ, handler, ar, -1);
if (byteState.Value != null)
{
allDone.Set();
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
}
else
{
int testPoint = 0;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
int myerror = -1;
}
// Signal the main thread to continue.
allDone.Set();
}
}
}