我的项目使用 Java Swing 作为GUI。我正在制作河内塔游戏。我几乎可以正常使用GUI,但是我的Solve命令无法正常工作。
在没有线程调用的情况下,它可以按预期立即解决塔楼问题。我添加了几个Thread.waits期望它可以逐步解决它,以便用户可以看到它是如何工作的,但是相反,它要等待一段时间,然后立即解决整个难题。我在想它可能不会重新粉刷,但是我不确定为什么。有人知道发生了什么吗?
这里有解决代码:
public class Solver {
public Solver() {
// nothing
}
public void solve(
int numberBlocks,
int startPin,
int auxiliaryPin,
int endPin) {
if (numberBlocks == 1) {
movePin(startPin, endPin);
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
else {
solve(numberBlocks - 1, startPin, endPin, auxiliaryPin);
movePin(startPin, endPin);
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
solve(numberBlocks - 1, auxiliaryPin, startPin, endPin);
}
}
private void movePin(int startPin, int endPin) {
TowersOfHanoiGame.moveTopBlock(startPin, endPin);
}
这是完成工作的GUI中的代码: 我知道它写得很糟糕,这是我第一次使用Java Swing编写,我正在学习中。如果有人对如何更好地构建结构有任何建议,我也很想听听。 我要粘贴整个类,但是重要的方法是initListeners和moveTopBlock及其调用的方法。
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
public class TowersOfHanoiGame {
private static JFrame mainWindow;
private static JPanel mainContentPanel;
private static JPanel content;
private static ArrayList<Block> pegOneBlocks = new ArrayList<Block>();
private static ArrayList<Block> pegTwoBlocks = new ArrayList<Block>();
private static ArrayList<Block> pegThreeBlocks = new ArrayList<Block>();
private Color[] randomColors = new Color[8];
private Dimension menuSize = new Dimension(100, 100);
private static final int DISCSTEXTSIZE = 20;
private static final int MOVESTEXTSIZE = 30;
private ActionListener downButtonListener;
private ActionListener upButtonListener;
private ActionListener solveButtonListener;
private JLabel discs;
private JLabel moves;
private int discsNumber = 3;
private int movesNumber = 0;
private Solver solver = new Solver();
public TowersOfHanoiGame() {
// do nothing
initRandomColors();
initBlocks(3);
}
/**
* Initialize and display the game
*/
public void display() {
initListeners();
initWindow();
mainWindow.setVisible(true);
}
private void initListeners() {
downButtonListener = new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
if (discsNumber > 3) {
discsNumber--;
updateLabels();
// clearContentFrame();
clearBlockArrays();
initBlocks(discsNumber);
reDrawContentFrame();
}
}
};
upButtonListener = new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
if (discsNumber < 8) {
discsNumber++;
updateLabels();
// clearContentFrame();
clearBlockArrays();
initBlocks(discsNumber);
reDrawContentFrame();
}
}
};
solveButtonListener = new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
solver.solve(discsNumber, 0, 1, 2);
}
};
}
private void updateLabels() {
discs.setText("DISCS: " + discsNumber);
moves.setText("MOVES: " + movesNumber);
}
/**
* Init the main window
*/
private void initWindow() {
mainWindow = new JFrame("Towers Of Hanoi");
initContentPanel();
mainWindow.setContentPane(mainContentPanel);
mainWindow.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainWindow.setSize(1000, 1000);
mainWindow.setResizable(false);
mainWindow.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.WHITE);
}
/**
* Init the main content panel
*/
private void initContentPanel() {
mainContentPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(50, 50));
JPanel menu = initMenuFrame();
content = initContentFrame();
mainContentPanel.add(menu, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
mainContentPanel.add(content, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
private static JPanel initContentFrame() {
JPanel ret = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
JPanel pegs = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
pegs.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
ret.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Peg peg1 = new Peg(25, 500, 1.2);
Peg peg2 = new Peg(50, 500, 1.2);
Peg peg3 = new Peg(0, 500, 1.2);
peg1.addBlocks(pegOneBlocks);
peg2.addBlocks(pegTwoBlocks);
peg3.addBlocks(pegThreeBlocks);
pegs.add(peg1, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
pegs.add(peg2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
pegs.add(peg3, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
ret.add(pegs, BorderLayout.CENTER);
return ret;
}
private Color randomColor() {
int R = (int)(Math.random() * 256);
int G = (int)(Math.random() * 256);
int B = (int)(Math.random() * 256);
Color color = new Color(R, G, B); // random color, but can be bright or
// dull
// to get rainbow, pastel colors
Random random = new Random();
final float hue = random.nextFloat();
final float saturation = 0.9f;// 1.0 for brilliant, 0.0 for dull
final float luminance = 1.0f; // 1.0 for brighter, 0.0 for black
color = Color.getHSBColor(hue, saturation, luminance);
return color;
}
private void initRandomColors() {
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
randomColors[i] = randomColor();
}
}
private void initBlocks(int numBlocks) {
int startWidth = Block.LONGESTWIDTH;
for (int i = 0; i < numBlocks; i++) {
Block b = new Block((startWidth - (i * 15)), randomColors[i]);
pegOneBlocks.add(b);
}
}
private static void clearContentFrame() {
mainContentPanel.remove(content);
mainContentPanel.repaint();
}
private void clearBlockArrays() {
pegOneBlocks.clear();
pegTwoBlocks.clear();
pegThreeBlocks.clear();
}
public static void reDrawContentFrame() {
content = initContentFrame();
mainContentPanel.add(content, BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainContentPanel.repaint();
}
public static void moveTopBlock(int startPin, int destinationPin) {
Block b = null;
if (startPin == 0) {
b = pegOneBlocks.get(pegOneBlocks.size() - 1);
pegOneBlocks.remove(pegOneBlocks.size() - 1);
}
else if (startPin == 1) {
b = pegTwoBlocks.get(pegTwoBlocks.size() - 1);
pegTwoBlocks.remove(pegTwoBlocks.size() - 1);
}
else if (startPin == 2) {
b = pegThreeBlocks.get(pegThreeBlocks.size() - 1);
pegThreeBlocks.remove(pegThreeBlocks.size() - 1);
}
if (destinationPin == 0) {
pegOneBlocks.add(b);
}
else if (destinationPin == 1) {
pegTwoBlocks.add(b);
}
else if (destinationPin == 2) {
pegThreeBlocks.add(b);
}
reDrawContentFrame();
content.validate();
mainContentPanel.validate();
mainWindow.validate();
}
/**
* Build the menu panel
*
* @return menu panel
*/
private JPanel initMenuFrame() {
JPanel ret = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
ret.setPreferredSize(menuSize);
// left
JPanel left = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
left.setPreferredSize(menuSize);
JLabel label = new JLabel("DISCS: 3");
discs = label;
label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, DISCSTEXTSIZE));
Button down = new Button("Decrease");
down.addActionListener(downButtonListener);
Button up = new Button("Increase");
up.addActionListener(upButtonListener);
left.add(label);
left.add(up);
left.add(down);
// mid
moves = new JLabel("MOVES: 0");
moves.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
moves.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, MOVESTEXTSIZE));
// right
JPanel right = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
Button solve = new Button("Solve");
solve.addActionListener(solveButtonListener);
Button reset = new Button("Reset");
right.add(solve);
right.add(reset);
// sync
JPanel menu = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
menu.add(left, BorderLayout.LINE_START);
menu.add(moves, BorderLayout.CENTER);
menu.add(right, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
ret.add(menu, BorderLayout.CENTER);
return ret;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
solveButtonListener = new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
solver.solve(discsNumber, 0, 1, 2);
}
};
问题在于,为任何侦听器调用的代码都在Event Dispatch Thread (EDT)
上执行。 EDT负责响应事件并重新绘制GUI。 Thread.sleep()方法使EDT进入睡眠状态,因此,在所有代码执行完毕之前,GUI无法重绘自身。
您需要做的是在调用Thread
方法时启动一个单独的solver.solve(...)
。
阅读Concurrency的Swing教程中的部分,以获得更多信息。
请注意,以上建议使用单独的线程仍然不是正确的解决方案。 Swing被设计为单线程,这意味着对GUI状态的所有更新和GUI的重新绘制都应在EDT上完成。因此,这意味着您还应该使用SwingUtilities.invokeLater()将代码添加到EDT中进行处理。使用递归时,我从未尝试过这样做,所以我不确定做到这一点的最佳方法。