我从AJAX开始，正在尝试一个简单的程序。
您只有一个文本字段，您必须在其中输入名称，单击按钮时，它应该写在元素“ Hello-文本字段名称-”上。
这是我使用GET的AJAX请求，效果很好：
function requestAJAX() {
// Create an object representing the request to the web server - see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
// Registration of a (user) function that will process the response received from the server
xhr.onreadystatechange = () => response(xhr);
// Execution of the (asynchronous) query to the web server
var string = '/submit';
var add= "?name=";
var add2= document.getElementById("myText").value;
string=string+add+add2;
console.log(string);
xhr.open('GET', string, true);
xhr.send(null);
// Examples of the use of the above methods - see https://www.w3schools.com/xml/ajax_xmlhttprequest_send.asp
}
然后我得到：result
这是我使用POST的请求，其中指定了发送的数据不能放在URL元素中。所以，我这样做了：
function requestAJAX() {
// Create an object representing the request to the web server - see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
// Registration of a (user) function that will process the response received from the server
xhr.onreadystatechange = () => response(xhr);
// Execution of the (asynchronous) query to the web server
var add2= document.getElementById("myText").value;
xhr.open('POST', '?', true);
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
xhr.send("name="+add2);
// Examples of the use of the above methods - see https://www.w3schools.com/xml/ajax_xmlhttprequest_send.asp
}
使用POST时，我在xhr.open（）的第二个参数中输入的内容有些困惑。我尝试使用'/submit'、'server.js'和'formpost.htlm'，但它们均无法正常工作。有帮助吗？
这是我的全部代码。
form.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<h1>POST VERSION</h1>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>
Form
</title>
<script>
/*****************************************************************/
/* Function that performs (asynchronous) query to the web server */
/*****************************************************************/
function requestAJAX() {
// Create an object representing the request to the web server - see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
// Registration of a (user) function that will process the response received from the server
xhr.onreadystatechange = () => response(xhr);
// Execution of the (asynchronous) query to the web server
var add2= document.getElementById("myText").value;
xhr.open('POST', 'server.js', true);
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
xhr.send("name="+add2);
// Examples of the use of the above methods - see https://www.w3schools.com/xml/ajax_xmlhttprequest_send.asp
}
/************************************************************/
/* The function that processes the response from the server */
/************************************************************/
function response(xhr){
try {
if (xhr.readyState == XMLHttpRequest.DONE) { // If the response is ready
if (xhr.status == 200){ // If requst was correct
// If the data you receive is a plain text or a JSON document, use the following code
var received_data = xhr.responseText; // Get a response in the form of a string
window.alert(received_data); // and display it
document.getElementById("data").innerHTML = received_data;
// If the data you receive is an HTML or XML document, use the following code
//var xmlDoc = xhr.responseXML; //Receive the answer in the form of object 'XmlDocument', which can be accessed using DOM methods - see https://www.w3.org/TR/domcore/
}
else
window.alert('There was a problem with this request.');
}
}
catch(e) {
window.alert('Exception caught: ' + e.description);
}
}
/*****************************************************************/
/* Function that performs (asynchronous) query to the web server */
/*****************************************************************/
function requestFetchAPI() {
fetch('/submit') // Execution of the (asynchronous) query to the web server - a promise is created
.then(function(response) { // if the promise is fulfilled
if (!response.ok) {
throw Error(response.statusText);
}
window.alert(response.text()); //show the Promise object
})
.catch(function(error) { // if the promise is rejected
window.alert('Looks like there was a problem: \n', error);
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<main>
<form method="get"
action="/submit">
<label>Perform a query to the web server</label>
<input type="text" name="name" id="myText" value="Mickey">
<input type="submit"
value="Without using AJAX">
<input type="button"
value="Using AJAX"
onclick="requestAJAX()">
<input type="button"
value="Using Fetch API"
onclick="requestFetchAPI()">
</form>
<p id="data"></p>
</main>
</body>
</html>
Server.js：
var http = require ("http");
var url = require ("url");
var fs = require ("fs");
var file = 'formpost.html';
function getUrlParameter(name, linke) {
name = name.replace(/[\[]/, '\\[').replace(/[\]]/, '\\]');
var regex = new RegExp('[\\?&]' + name + '=([^&#]*)');
var results = regex.exec(linke);
return results === null ? '' : decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace(/\+/g, ' '));
};
http.createServer (function (request, response) {
console.log("--------------------------------------");
console.log("The relative URL of the current request: " + request.url + "\n");
var url_parts = url.parse (request.url, true); // parsing (relative) URL
if (url_parts.pathname == '/submit') { // Processing the form content, if the relative URL is '/ submit'
var welcome = 'Hello';
//var linke= decodeURI(request.url);
var urlParams = getUrlParameter('name',request.url);
console.log(urlParams);
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain; charset=utf-8"});
response.write(welcome + " " + urlParams);// Data (response) that we want to send to a web browser
welcome= welcome + urlParams;
response.end(); // Sending the answer
console.log("The server sent the '"+welcome+"' text to the browser");
}
else { // Sending, to the browser, the contents of a file (an HTML document) with the name contained in the variable 'file'
fs.stat(file, function (err,stats) {
if (err == null) { // If the file exists
fs.readFile (file, function (err, data) { // Read it content
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/html; charset=utf-8"});
response.write(data); // Send the content to the web browser
response.end();
});
}
else { // If the file does not exists
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain; charset=utf-8"});
response.write('The ' + file + ' file does not exist');
response.end();
} //else
}); //fs.stat
} //else
}).listen(8080);
console.log("The server was started on port 8080");
console.log("To end the server, press 'CTRL + C'");