项目库上的Android Instrumented单元测试

时间:2018-11-08 15:11:49

标签: java android junit android-library instrumented-test

我继承了一个由主应用程序和一个Library组成的Android项目。我的目标是测试整个项目,所以我从库开始:首先我使用JUnit测试一些类/方法,编写我的库项目的测试undeer app / src / test / java(单元测试),并生成一个Android Studio的代码覆盖率报告。当我找到一个使用Parcel的Class(来自Android Framework)时,问题就来了,所以这一次我不得不在Library项目中设置一个已测试的测试(app / src / androidTest / java)。

当我尝试运行仪器测试并插入Android设备时,收到以下消息:

Started running tests
Test running failed: Instrumentation run failed due to 'java.lang.ClassNotFoundException'
Empty test suite.

当我的测试类中有多个@Test方法时,我不明白为什么会“清空测试套件”。我是否已设置Gradle如何在测试过程中链接主应用程序和库,或者也许我必须将所有测试都移至主应用程序中?!

这是我对“图书馆”模块的认可:

apply plugin: 'com.android.library'


    android {

        compileSdkVersion rootProject.ext.compileSdkVersion
        buildToolsVersion rootProject.ext.buildToolsVersion

        defaultConfig {
            minSdkVersion rootProject.ext.minSdkVersion
            // Added for instrumental tests
            testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

            javaCompileOptions {
                annotationProcessorOptions {
                    arguments = ["room.schemaLocation": "$projectDir/schemas".toString()]
                }
            }
        }

        buildTypes {
            release {
                minifyEnabled true
                proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
            }
            debug {
                debuggable true
                testCoverageEnabled true
            }
        }

        compileOptions {
            sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
            targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        }

        testOptions {
            unitTests.returnDefaultValues = true
        }

    }

    dependencies {

        implementation "com.android.support:support-v4:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
        implementation "com.google.code.gson:gson:$rootProject.gsonVersion"
        implementation "commons-io:commons-io:$rootProject.commonsioVersion"

        // Dependencies for RxBinding
        implementation 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding2:rxbinding:2.0.0'

        // Dependencies for Rxjava2 and RxAndroid
        implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.1'
        implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.8'

        // Dependencies for RxBinding
        implementation 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding2:rxbinding:2.0.0'

        // Dependencies for Retrofit
        implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
        implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-simplexml:2.3.0'
        implementation 'com.jakewharton.retrofit:retrofit2-rxjava2-adapter:1.0.0'
        implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.7.0'

        // Dependencies for Room
        // Room (use 1.1.0-alpha1 for latest alpha)
        implementation 'android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:1.1.1'
        implementation 'android.arch.persistence.room:rxjava2:1.1.1'
        annotationProcessor "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:1.1.1"

        implementation "com.android.support:support-annotations:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
        implementation "org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:$rootProject.httpcoreVersion"
        testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'

    //    // [Android Instrumented test]
        androidTestImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    //    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0'
    //    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.1.0'
    //    // Optional -- Hamcrest library
        androidTestImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
    //    // Optional -- UI testing with Espresso
    //    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0'
    //    // Optional -- UI testing with UI Automator
    //    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'

        api files('libs/lifesense_ble_v3.3.7.jar')
        api files('libs/MedPixel.jar')

    }

和应用程序:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    buildToolsVersion '28.0.3'

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "it.*******.********"
        minSdkVersion rootProject.ext.minSdkVersion
        targetSdkVersion rootProject.ext.targetSdkVersion
        versionCode 2
        versionName "1.0.2"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            shrinkResources true
            minifyEnabled true
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
        debug {
            applicationIdSuffix ".debug"
            debuggable true
        }
    }

    lintOptions {
        checkReleaseBuilds false
    }

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation project(':..:Libraries:app')
    implementation "com.android.support:support-v4:$rootProject.supportLibraryVersion"
    implementation "com.google.code.gson:gson:$rootProject.gsonVersion"
    implementation "commons-io:commons-io:$rootProject.commonsioVersion"

    // Dependencies for ButterKnife
    implementation 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.8.1'
    annotationProcessor 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.8.1'

    // Dependencies for Dagger
    implementation 'com.google.dagger:dagger:2.11'
    annotationProcessor 'com.google.dagger:dagger-compiler:2.11'

    // Dependencies for RxBinding
    implementation 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding2:rxbinding:2.0.0'

    // Dependencies for Rxjava2 and RxAndroid
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.1'
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.8'

    // Dependencies for Retrofit
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-simplexml:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.jakewharton.retrofit:retrofit2-rxjava2-adapter:1.0.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.7.0'

    // Dependencies for Room
    implementation 'android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:1.1.1'

    // Dependencies for Roboelecttic
    testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:3.6.1'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'

    // Dependencies for Mockito
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:2.7.22'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit-mock:2.0.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:mockwebserver:2.7.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-android:2.7.22'
}

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {
        force "android.arch.core:runtime:1.1.1"
        force "com.android.support:support-core-utils:28.0.0"
        /*force "com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0"*/
    }
}

感谢您的关注!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我遇到了同样的问题,不是Parcel,而是其他类似Context的android组件。

对于此问题,

  

空测试套件

您在仪器化的测试课程中,必须加注 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)

关于库的代码覆盖范围

最初,我确实在app中编写了Instrumented测试。但是在InstrumentationTests中写入库的app 的问题是,您将无法获得library的覆盖率报告。

因此,我将InstrumentedTests移回了library/androidTest文件夹。经过大量研究,我找到了一种解决方案,可获取library

的完整覆盖率报告

请按照您图书馆的build.gradle文件中的内容进行操作

  • 添加apply plugin: 'jacoco'

  • 启用以下测试范围

    android {
        buildTypes {
            debug {
                testCoverageEnabled true
            }
        }
        ...
    }
    
  • 添加以下依赖项

    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.2'
    

我相信,对于您项目中的任何模块,如果您的模块/库中有androidTests,将有一个名为combinedTestReportDebug的默认任务。

您可以在Android Studio右上角垂直栏中的Gradle菜单中找到它。

Gradle menu > :your-library > Tasks > reporting > combinedTestReportDebug

从您的Terminal> ./gradlew clean combinedTestReportDebug -p :your-library中运行此命令

测试完成后,您可以在以下位置找到覆盖率或失败的测试

对于失败的测试: your-library/build/reports/androidTests/connected/index.html

有关覆盖率报告: your-library/build/reports/coverage/debug/index.html

我希望这会有所帮助。

更新:

对不起,我忘记提及下面的步骤了,因为如果没有combinedTestReportDebug,将不可见。感谢@nicoabie。

在项目的build.gradle文件中,执行以下操作以使combinedTestReportDebug任务在您的库gradle任务中可见。

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        ...
        classpath 'com.vanniktech:gradle-android-junit-jacoco-plugin:0.13.0'
        ...
    }
}
...

apply plugin: 'com.vanniktech.android.junit.jacoco'