嗨，我是VBA的新手，如果我的代码看起来不好，我深表歉意。我有一个宏，用于更新主工作表中一列中的特定单元格，从而从特定工作簿中提取数据。但是，我希望宏知道我是在不指定workbooks.Open(FileName)的情况下从另一个工作簿中提取数据的，所以我可以从任何其他打开的工作簿中自动更新主表。
主要问题是，由于在多个工作簿的不同单元中找到相同的数据，所以我想知道如何在引用每个工作簿的不同单元时复制这些数据。
代码：
Sub UpdateData()
Dim wb1 As Workbook
Dim wb2 As Workbook
Dim ws1 As Worksheet
Dim EMS As Worksheet
Dim TD As Worksheet
Dim JV1 As Worksheet
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Set wb1 = ThisWorkbook
wb1.Application.Visible = True
Set ws1 = wb1.Sheets(" Master Data")
Set wb2 = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\HONL120\Desktop\Sept HC Reports\HR Headcount Report 2018 Australia SEPTEMBER.XLSX")
wb2.Application.Visible = False
Set EMS = Sheets("Employee Movement Summary")
EMS.Range("J19").Copy
ws1.Range("J34").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
Set TD = Sheets("Turnover Dashboard")
TD.Range("J44").Copy
ws1.Range("J2").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
TD.Range("J47").Copy
ws1.Range("J3").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
EMS.Range("J10").Copy
ws1.Range("J5").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
EMS.Range("J11").Copy
ws1.Range("J6").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
EMS.Range("J16").Copy
ws1.Range("J7").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
EMS.Range("J17").Copy
ws1.Range("J8").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
TD.Range("K3:K7").Copy
ws1.Range("J10:J14").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
TD.Range("J32:J43").Copy
ws1.Range("J16:J27").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
Set JV1 = Sheets("JV1")
JV1.Range("Q26").Copy
ws1.Range("J29").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
JV1.Range("Q28:Q29").Copy
ws1.Range("J30:J31").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
wb2.Application.Visible = True
End Sub
因此，例如，在另一个工作簿中，复制TD.Range("J44").Copy的范围基于单元格J44，但是在其他具有相同数据类型的工作簿中，情况可能并非如此。
同样，无论打开什么内容，我都希望从另一个打开的工作簿中进行复制，而不要指定诸如Set wb2 = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\HONL120\Desktop\Sept HC Reports\HR Headcount Report 2018 Australia SEPTEMBER.XLSX")这样的文件名。
有没有办法使它自动化？还是我必须手动找到要在每个工作簿中复制的特定单元格？预先感谢！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我认为您是在说要引用要从中导入数据的Excel文件。尝试下面的代码，看看它是否满足您的要求。
Sub Basic_Example_1()
Dim MyPath As String, FilesInPath As String
Dim MyFiles() As String
Dim SourceRcount As Long, Fnum As Long
Dim mybook As Workbook, BaseWks As Worksheet
Dim sourceRange As Range, destrange As Range
Dim rnum As Long, CalcMode As Long
'Fill in the path\folder where the files are
MyPath = "C:\path_to_your_excel_files\"
'Add a slash at the end if the user forget it
If Right(MyPath, 1) <> "\" Then
MyPath = MyPath & "\"
End If
'If there are no Excel files in the folder exit the sub
FilesInPath = Dir(MyPath & "*.xl*")
If FilesInPath = "" Then
MsgBox "No files found"
Exit Sub
End If
'Fill the array(myFiles)with the list of Excel files in the folder
Fnum = 0
Do While FilesInPath <> ""
Fnum = Fnum + 1
ReDim Preserve MyFiles(1 To Fnum)
MyFiles(Fnum) = FilesInPath
FilesInPath = Dir()
Loop
'Change ScreenUpdating, Calculation and EnableEvents
With Application
CalcMode = .Calculation
.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
.ScreenUpdating = False
.EnableEvents = False
End With
'Add a new workbook with one sheet
Set BaseWks = Workbooks.Add(xlWBATWorksheet).Worksheets(1)
rnum = 1
'Loop through all files in the array(myFiles)
If Fnum > 0 Then
For Fnum = LBound(MyFiles) To UBound(MyFiles)
Set mybook = Nothing
On Error Resume Next
Set mybook = Workbooks.Open(MyPath & MyFiles(Fnum))
On Error GoTo 0
If Not mybook Is Nothing Then
On Error Resume Next
With mybook.Worksheets(1)
FirstCell = "A2"
Set sourceRange = .Range(FirstCell & ":" & RDB_Last(3, .Cells))
'Test if the row of the last cell >= then the row of the FirstCell
If RDB_Last(1, .Cells) < .Range(FirstCell).Row Then
Set sourceRange = Nothing
End If
End With
If Err.Number > 0 Then
Err.Clear
Set sourceRange = Nothing
Else
'if SourceRange use all columns then skip this file
If sourceRange.Columns.Count >= BaseWks.Columns.Count Then
Set sourceRange = Nothing
End If
End If
On Error GoTo 0
If Not sourceRange Is Nothing Then
SourceRcount = sourceRange.Rows.Count
If rnum + SourceRcount >= BaseWks.Rows.Count Then
MsgBox "Sorry there are not enough rows in the sheet"
BaseWks.Columns.AutoFit
mybook.Close savechanges:=False
GoTo ExitTheSub
Else
'Copy the file name in column A
With sourceRange
BaseWks.Cells(rnum, "A"). _
Resize(.Rows.Count).Value = MyFiles(Fnum)
End With
'Set the destrange
Set destrange = BaseWks.Range("B" & rnum)
'we copy the values from the sourceRange to the destrange
With sourceRange
Set destrange = destrange. _
Resize(.Rows.Count, .Columns.Count)
End With
destrange.Value = sourceRange.Value
rnum = rnum + SourceRcount
End If
End If
mybook.Close savechanges:=False
End If
Next Fnum
BaseWks.Columns.AutoFit
End If
ExitTheSub:
'Restore ScreenUpdating, Calculation and EnableEvents
With Application
.ScreenUpdating = True
.EnableEvents = True
.Calculation = CalcMode
End With
End Sub
Function RDB_Last(choice As Integer, rng As Range)
'Ron de Bruin, 5 May 2008
' 1 = last row
' 2 = last column
' 3 = last cell
Dim lrw As Long
Dim lcol As Integer
Select Case choice
Case 1:
On Error Resume Next
RDB_Last = rng.Find(What:="*", _
after:=rng.Cells(1), _
Lookat:=xlPart, _
LookIn:=xlFormulas, _
SearchOrder:=xlByRows, _
SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, _
MatchCase:=False).Row
On Error GoTo 0
Case 2:
On Error Resume Next
RDB_Last = rng.Find(What:="*", _
after:=rng.Cells(1), _
Lookat:=xlPart, _
LookIn:=xlFormulas, _
SearchOrder:=xlByColumns, _
SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, _
MatchCase:=False).Column
On Error GoTo 0
Case 3:
On Error Resume Next
lrw = rng.Find(What:="*", _
after:=rng.Cells(1), _
Lookat:=xlPart, _
LookIn:=xlFormulas, _
SearchOrder:=xlByRows, _
SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, _
MatchCase:=False).Row
On Error GoTo 0
On Error Resume Next
lcol = rng.Find(What:="*", _
after:=rng.Cells(1), _
Lookat:=xlPart, _
LookIn:=xlFormulas, _
SearchOrder:=xlByColumns, _
SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, _
MatchCase:=False).Column
On Error GoTo 0
On Error Resume Next
RDB_Last = rng.Parent.Cells(lrw, lcol).Address(False, False)
If Err.Number > 0 Then
RDB_Last = rng.Cells(1).Address(False, False)
Err.Clear
End If
On Error GoTo 0
End Select
End Function