Question

我有一个Keras深度学习问题：

我正在建立一个mnist分类器，但是我的神经网络的输入层是二维卷积层。训练集有60000个样本，测试集有10000个样本。每个图像的尺寸为28 x 28像素。我将像素张量切片压缩为两个参数张量，除以255，然后将其设为“ float32”。

导入：

from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, MaxPooling2D, Conv2D, Dropout, Flatten
from keras.datasets import mnist

加载数据：

(train_images, train_labels), (test_images, test_labels) = mnist.load_data()

预处理：

train_images = train_images.reshape((60000, 28 * 28))
train_images = train_images.astype('float32') /255
test_images = test_images.reshape((10000, 28 * 28))
test_images = test_images.astype('float32') /255

然后我通过2维卷积输入层运行它：

network = Sequential()
network.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size = (3, 3), padding='valid', data_format="channels_last", input_shape = (60000, 784)))

完整型号：

network = Sequential()
network.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size = (3, 3), padding='valid', data_format="channels_last", input_shape = (60000, 784)))
network.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2), strides=None, padding='valid', data_format="channels_last"))
network.add(Conv2D(64, (2,2), strides=(1, 1), padding='valid',  data_format=None, dilation_rate=(1, 1), activation=None, use_bias=True, 
kernel_initializer='glorot_uniform', bias_initializer='zeros', 
kernel_regularizer=None, bias_regularizer=None, activity_regularizer=None, 
kernel_constraint=None, bias_constraint=None))
network.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2), strides=None, padding='valid', data_format=None))
network.add(Flatten())
network.add(Dense(128, activation= 'relu'))
network.add(Dropout(0.2, noise_shape=None, seed=7))
network.add(Dense(10, activation='softmax'))

我得到了错误：

ValueError: Input 0 is incompatible with layer conv2d_7: expected ndim=4, found ndim=3

所以我尝试添加频道尺寸（代表黑白色）：

network = Sequential()
network.add(Conv2D(64, kernel_size = (3, 3), padding='valid', 
data_format="channels_last", input_shape = (60000, 784, 1)))

尝试拟合数据时仍然出现错误，但是这次我的模型可以编译

ValueError: Error when checking input: expected conv2d_3_input to have 4 dimensions, but got array with shape (60000, 784)

Answer 1

您首先需要确保Conv2d的输入形状为( height , width , number of channels )，并且还必须在开始时添加批次大小尺寸。整个维度变为( batch size , height , width , number of channels )。

您的输入形状为( 60000 , 784 , 1 ) 60000是您的批量，通道数是1。
对于Conv2d，您输入的形状应为( 28 , 28 ,1 )。您无需提及Conv2d的批处理大小。

使用2维卷积输入层时，为什么会出现尺寸错误？

1 个答案: