我有一个函子链,有时需要将我的值包装在Maybe
中:
module Funct where
(>>?) :: Maybe a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Maybe b
(Just a) >>? f = f a
Nothing >>? _ = Nothing
f1 :: Int -> Maybe Bool
f1 a = if a > 2 then Just (a `mod` 2 == 0) else Nothing
f2 :: Bool -> Char
f2 b = if b then 'a' else 'b'
f3 :: Char -> Maybe Int
f3 c = if c == 'a' then Just 1 else Nothing
fm :: Int -> Maybe Int
fm x = f1 x >>? f2 >>? f3
^
Is there a reverse method for fmap particular for Maybe
or do I have to implement it?
已实施
myWrapper :: Char->Maybe Char
myWrapper c = Just c
fm x = f1 x >>? myWrapper . f2 >>? f3 -- is there any built in way more concise?
我问是因为链接时,我想您也需要像Either
这样的其他monad的包装器。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
(是否有任何更简洁的内置方法?)
确定:
myWrapper = Just
或内联:
fm x= f1 x>>? Just . f2 >>? f3
数据构造函数可以看作是普通函数,因此您可以将它们与其他函数组成。
答案 1 :(得分:5)
有generated file with funny characters,其优先级与(>>=)
相同:
fm x = f1 x <&> f2 >>= f3
答案 2 :(得分:2)
我问是因为链接时,我想您也需要像Either这样的其他monad的包装器。
正确。每个Maybe
和Either
之类的类型构造函数都需要自己定义诸如>>=
和return
之类的东西,但这就是类型类实例的确切含义:类型类的定义专用于特定类型构造函数的方法。例如,
class Monad m where
return :: a -> m a
(>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
instance Monad Maybe where
return = Just
Nothing >>= _ = Nothing
(Just x) >>= f = f x
-- This looks similar to the Maybe instance because in some sense,
-- Maybe is just a special case of Either: Maybe ~ Either ()
instance Monad (Either a) where
return = Right
(Left x) >>= _ = Left x
(Right x) >>= f = f x
然后可以以一种适用于任何 monad的方式编写您的fm
函数,而不仅仅是Maybe
:
fm :: Maybe m => Int -> m Int
fm x = f1 x >>= return . f2 >>= f3