我搜寻了Internet，以更深入地了解GUI在Java中的行为，但是我仍然迷失了。我想做的是从500x500灰色背景开始，然后让turmite算法读取一个像素，根据颜色对其进行更改，然后移动（未尝试最后一位）。当我尝试在下面的代码中更改像素的颜色时，就会出现问题。
编辑：我真正需要的是一个可以从任何地方调用的函数，该函数可以将特定颜色的像素绘制到GUI。我想告诉我我编写的代码是如何不起作用的，这只是教育上的好处。
public void loop()
{
switch(canvas.getRGB(x, y)&0xFFFFFF)
{
case 0xFFFFFF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
case 0x000000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[1]]);d++;break;
case 0xFF0000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[2]]);d+=2;break;
case 0xFF8C00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[3]]);d+=3;break;
case 0xFFD700: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[4]]);d+=4;break;
case 0x00FF00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[5]]);d+=5;break;
case 0x0000FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[6]]);d+=6;break;
case 0xFF00FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[7]]);d+=7;break;
default: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
}
}
我希望完整的代码是必要的，因此我将在此处包括：
Draw.java
package turmite;
import turmite.Window;
import turmite.Calculations;
//import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
//import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
//import java.awt.Graphics;
//import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
//import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Random;
//import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.lang.String;
//import java.util.ArrayList;
//import java.util.List;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Draw extends JFrame implements ActionListener{
private JButton calculate;
private Calculations calculations;
private Window window;
public Draw() /*throws AWTException*/ {
window=new Window();
calculate=new JButton("Calculate");
calculate.addActionListener(this);
calculate.setActionCommand("");
calculations=new Calculations(this);
this.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.GRAY);
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
this.add(window);
this.add(calculate, BorderLayout.NORTH);
this.setTitle("Draw");
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setSize(new Dimension(500,500));
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
// Robot r = new Robot();
Random rnd = new Random();
calculations.x = 2 + rnd.nextInt(getWidth()-4);
calculations.y = 2 + rnd.nextInt(getHeight()-4);
System.out.println(calculations.x+" "+calculations.y);
int I,a = 0;
while(a < 7)
{
I = rnd.nextInt(8);
if(!Arrays.toString(calculations.L0).contains(Integer.toString(I)))
{
calculations.L0[a] = I;
a++;
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(calculations.L0)+","+I+" "+Arrays.toString(calculations.L0).contains(Integer.toString(I)));
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(calculations.L0)+" L0 Complete");
a=0;
while(a < 7)
{
I = rnd.nextInt(8);
if(!Arrays.toString(calculations.L1).contains(Integer.toString(I)))
{
calculations.L1[a] = I;
a++;
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(calculations.L1)+","+I+" "+Arrays.toString(calculations.L1).contains(Integer.toString(I)));
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(calculations.L1)+" L1 Complete");
for(a=0;a<8;a++)
{
switch(calculations.L0[a])
{
case 0: calculations.L2[a] = "#FFFFFF";break;
case 1: calculations.L2[a] = "#000000";break;
case 2: calculations.L2[a] = "#FF0000";break;
case 3: calculations.L2[a] = "#FF8C00";break;
case 4: calculations.L2[a] = "#FFD700";break;
case 5: calculations.L2[a] = "#00FF00";break;
case 6: calculations.L2[a] = "#0000FF";break;
case 7: calculations.L2[a] = "#FF00FF";break;
default: System.out.println("Failure to assign color to L2["+a+"]");break;
}
}
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
if(e.getActionCommand().equals(""))
{
calculations.calculate();
window.setVisible(true);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)/* throws AWTException*/
{
new Draw();
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
private static void createAndShowGUI() {
JPanel f = new JPanel();
//Window window = new Window();
f.add(new Window());
//window.loop();
f.setVisible(true);
}
}
Window.java
package turmite;
import turmite.Calculations;
//import turmite.Draw;
//import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
//import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
//import java.awt.Robot;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Window extends JPanel {
BufferedImage canvas = new BufferedImage(500, 500, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
private JPanel panel;
private Calculations calculations;
Random rnd = new Random();
int x = 2 + rnd.nextInt(496),y = 2 + rnd.nextInt(496),d=0;
public Window()
{
//this.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Console:"));
setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.black));
panel=new JPanel();
this.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
//this.setVisible(true);
this.add(panel);
}
public Dimension getPreferredSize()
{
return new Dimension(500,500);
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
new Window();
super.paintComponent(g);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
g.setColor(Color.GRAY);
panel.setSize(500, 500);
panel.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
panel.repaint();
panel.setVisible(true);
//canvas = new BufferedImage(500,500,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
this.repaint();
// switch(canvas.getRGB(x, y)&0xFFFFFF)
// {
// case 0xFFFFFF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
// case 0x000000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[1]]);d++;break;
// case 0xFF0000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[2]]);d+=2;break;
// case 0xFF8C00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[3]]);d+=3;break;
// case 0xFFD700: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[4]]);d+=4;break;
// case 0x00FF00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[5]]);d+=5;break;
// case 0x0000FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[6]]);d+=6;break;
// case 0xFF00FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[7]]);d+=7;break;
// default: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
// }
}
public void loop() /*throws AWTException*/
{
//Robot r = new Robot();
//System.out.println(r.getPixelColor(x, y));
switch(canvas.getRGB(x, y)&0xFFFFFF)
{
case 0xFFFFFF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
case 0x000000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[1]]);d++;break;
case 0xFF0000: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[2]]);d+=2;break;
case 0xFF8C00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[3]]);d+=3;break;
case 0xFFD700: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[4]]);d+=4;break;
case 0x00FF00: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[5]]);d+=5;break;
case 0x0000FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[6]]);d+=6;break;
case 0xFF00FF: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[7]]);d+=7;break;
default: canvas.setRGB(x, y, calculations.L0[calculations.L1[0]]);break;
}
}
}
Calculations.java
package turmite;
import turmite.Draw;
import turmite.Window;
//import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Calculations {
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private Draw parent;
private Window window;
int x=0,y=0;
int[] L0 = new int[8],L1 = new int[8];
String[] L2 = new String[8];
public Calculations(Draw f){
parent=f;
}
public void calculate() /*throws AWTException*/{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run()
{
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
try
{
Thread.sleep(50);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
// switch(window.canvas.getRGB(window.x, window.y)&0xFFFFFF)
// {
// case 0xFFFFFF: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[0]]);break;
// case 0x000000: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[1]]);window.d++;break;
// case 0xFF0000: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[2]]);window.d+=2;break;
// case 0xFF8C00: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[3]]);window.d+=3;break;
// case 0xFFD700: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[4]]);window.d+=4;break;
// case 0x00FF00: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[5]]);window.d+=5;break;
// case 0x0000FF: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[6]]);window.d+=6;break;
// case 0xFF00FF: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[7]]);window.d+=7;break;
// default: window.canvas.setRGB(window.x, window.y, L0[L1[0]]);break;
// }
//window.loop();
}
}
}).start();
window.loop();
System.out.println(/*Color.decode(""+*/window.canvas.getRGB(10, 10));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(L2));
}
}
感谢您提供的任何见解；我是Java的新手，弗兰肯斯坦（Frankenstein）活泼的工作可能告诉我，我对自己的工作一无所知。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
经过大约一周半的随机试验和错误，我设法整理了代码的工作版本并自己解决了问题，同时还大大降低了复杂性。
固定代码：（这次仅一个文件）
package turmite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JButton;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Base extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
int x = 200 ,
y = 200 ,
d = 0 ,
X = width - 1 ,
Y = height - 1 ;
Color blk = Color.BLACK ,
wht = Color.WHITE ,
c ;
private JButton Button;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new Base();
}
final static int width = 400;
final static int height = 400;
BufferedImage img;
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
Base()
{
Button = new JButton("Start Loop");
Button.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400,20));
Button.addActionListener(this);
Button.setActionCommand("");
img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(width, height));
frame.setBackground(wht);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(Button, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(this);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
void loop()
{
while(true)
{
switch (d)
{
case 0 : x++; break;
case 1 : y++; break;
case 2 : x--; break;
case 3 : y--; break;
default: break;
}
//for 8-directions
/*switch (d)
{
case 0 : x++; break;
case 1 : x++; y++; break;
case 2 : y++; break;
case 3 : x--; y++; break;
case 4 : x--; break;
case 5 : x--; y--; break;
case 6 : y--; break;
case 7 : x++; y--; break;
default: d = 0; break;
}*/
if (x < 0) x = X;
if (x > X) x = 0;
if (y < 0) y = Y;
if (y > Y) y = 0;
if (wht.getRGB() == img.getRGB(x , y))
{
c = blk;
if (d == 3)
d = 0;
else
d++;
}
else
{
c = wht;
if (d == 0)
d = 3;
else
d--;
}
Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
g.setColor(c); //set color
g.drawRect(x, y, 0, 0);//set pixel
g.dispose();
frame.repaint();
update(getGraphics());
}
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)
{
loop();
}
}
这里要注意的重要一件事是update(getGraphics());是使程序实时写入屏幕的要素。它比例如for()内的public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0)循环（执行嵌套void loop()的所有操作（显然是嵌套的while(true)循环）要重复数千次但要慢得多，但速度要慢得多。仅在完成后更新。但是，我的程序是为实时效果而设计的，因此，我只提及速度变慢以供参考。
此外，我很高兴听到此程序中是否有任何可以优化/改进的内容！