工作线程与主窗口之间的PyQt5信号通信无法正常工作

时间:2018-10-24 15:43:26

标签: python multithreading pyqt pyqt5 qthread

我正在使用PyQt5创建一个应用程序,它具有非常简单的用户界面。有一个下拉列表,可以从中选择一个值,然后有一个可以单击的按钮,并根据下拉列表中的当前值执行操作。

当前,如果我运行下面的代码,则可以从下拉列表中获取一个值,并且该值将在运行myaction.myaction(customer_name)之前发送到工作线程。代码也可以正常运行,但是当工作线程中的函数运行时,GUI不能按我希望的方式工作。当我单击开始按钮时,它应该向GUI发出信号以禁用该按钮,更改其标签和颜色,但是这种情况永远不会发生。函数完成后,应将其改回其原始形式。

是我处理信号的问题,还是我的课堂上有多余的功能?每次单击按钮时,将下拉列表值发送到工作线程的正确方法是什么,因此我可以在那里简单地将其用作变量?

我在网上找到的所有可能解决方案都让我感到兴奋,但是他们中的任何一个都还没有为我工作,或者其中有些太让我难以理解。

以下是我已经回答过的一些答案


#!/usr/bin/env python3

import sys
#import myaction
import time
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QPushButton, QComboBox, QLabel
from PyQt5 import QtCore

class ConfWorker(QtCore.QThread):
    updated_button = QtCore.pyqtSignal(list)
    updated_label = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
    updated_error = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
    request_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()
    customer = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(ConfWorker, self).__init__(parent)
        self.customer.connect(self.getcustomer)

    def run(self):
        self.request_signal.emit()

    def getcustomer(self, text):
        self.configure(text)

    def configure(self, customer_name):
        self.updated_button.emit(["In progress...", False])
        self.updated_label.emit(customer_name)
        time.sleep(5) # During this time you should be able to see color change etc.
        #myaction.myaction(customer_name)# TAKES ~20 SECONDS TO FINISH
        self.updated_button.emit(["Start", True])

class ConfGUI(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(ConfGUI, self).__init__()

        self.worker = ConfWorker(self)
        self.worker.updated_button.connect(self.updateButton)
        self.worker.updated_label.connect(self.updateLabel)
        self.worker.updated_error.connect(self.updateError)
        self.worker.request_signal.connect(self.sendCustomer)

        self.targetBtn = QPushButton('Start Configuration', self)
        self.targetBtn.setStyleSheet("QPushButton { background-color: green; color: white }"
                        "QPushButton:disabled { background-color: red; color: white }")
        self.targetBtn.clicked.connect(self.worker.start)
        self.targetBtn.setGeometry(100, 400, 200, 50)
        self.setGeometry(800, 300, 400, 550)
        self.setFixedSize(400, 550)

        self.customerlist = QComboBox(self)
        self.customerlist.setGeometry(100, 50, 200, 50)
        self.customerlist.setObjectName("customer")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer1")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer2")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer3")

        self.label = QLabel(self)
        self.label.setText("")
        self.label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 30pt; font-family: Courier; color: green;')
        self.label.setGeometry(70,250,400,50)

        self.error_label = QLabel(self)
        self.error_label.setText("")
        self.error_label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 30pt; font-family: Courier; color: red;')
        self.error_label.setGeometry(70,350,400,50)

        self.show()

    def sendCustomer(self):
        self.worker.customer.emit(self.customerlist.currentText())

    def updateButton(self, button_list):
        self.targetBtn.setText(button_list[0])
        self.targetBtn.setEnabled(button_list[1])

    def updateLabel(self, label_text):
        self.label.setText(label_text)

    def updateError(self, error_text):
        self.error_label.setText(error_text)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = ConfGUI()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

问题是由一个非常普遍且错误的概念引起的,他们认为QThread是 Qt线程,也就是说,Qt创建了一个新线程,但是没有,QThreadthe docs中指示的线程 handler

  

QThread类提供了独立于平台的管理方式   线程。

     

QThread对象管理程序中的一个控制线程。   QThreads开始在run()中执行。默认情况下,run()启动事件   通过调用exec()循环并在线程内部运行Qt事件循环。

在另一个线程上运行的唯一部分是run方法,在您的情况下,由于逻辑不同,您没有调用它,因此您不希望连续执行繁重的任务,而是应用户的要求,因此必须进行设计一个工人的实例,但是您使用QThread作为基类,这是不正确的,您必须使用QObject作为基类并将其移到新线程中,以便QObject在该线程中执行其任务,从而防止GUI阻止。

QObject不是线程安全的,它位于一个线程中,并且该线程由以下对象确定:

  • QObject生活在父级的线程中

  • 如果没有父母,除非您已移至另一个线程,否则请住在创建该线程的线程中。

  • 您可以使用moveToThread()函数移至另一个线程,但是如果moveToThread()具有父级,则QObject将失败,因为第一个条件是特权。

另一方面,如果要从另一个线程调用方法,则必须使用装饰器@QtCore.pyqtSlot()


考虑到上述情况,我们获得以下解决方案:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import time
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets


class ConfWorker(QtCore.QObject):
    updated_button = QtCore.pyqtSignal(list)
    updated_label = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
    updated_error = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
    request_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()
    customer = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(ConfWorker, self).__init__(parent)
        self.customer.connect(self.getcustomer)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def doWork(self):
        self.request_signal.emit()

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def getcustomer(self, text):
        self.configure(text)

    def configure(self, customer_name):
        self.updated_button.emit(["In progress...", False])
        self.updated_label.emit(customer_name)
        time.sleep(5) # During this time you should be able to see color change etc.
        #myaction.myaction(customer_name)# TAKES ~20 SECONDS TO FINISH
        self.updated_button.emit(["Start", True])

class ConfGUI(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(ConfGUI, self).__init__()

        # create a QThread and start the thread that handles
        thread = QtCore.QThread(self)
        thread.start()

        # create the worker without a parent so you can move
        self.worker = ConfWorker()
        # the worker moves to another thread
        self.worker.moveToThread(thread)

        self.worker.updated_button.connect(self.updateButton)
        self.worker.updated_label.connect(self.updateLabel)
        self.worker.updated_error.connect(self.updateError)
        self.worker.request_signal.connect(self.sendCustomer)

        self.targetBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Start Configuration', self)
        self.targetBtn.setStyleSheet("QPushButton { background-color: green; color: white }"
                        "QPushButton:disabled { background-color: red; color: white }")
        self.targetBtn.clicked.connect(self.worker.doWork)
        self.targetBtn.setFixedSize(200, 50)

        self.customerlist = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self)
        self.customerlist.addItems(["testcustomer1", "testcustomer2", "testcustomer3"])
        self.customerlist.setFixedSize(200, 50)

        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 30pt; font-family: Courier; color: green;')
        self.label.setFixedSize(400,50)

        self.error_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.error_label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 30pt; font-family: Courier; color: red;')
        self.error_label.setFixedSize(400,50)

        lay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
        lay.addWidget(self.customerlist, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        lay.addWidget(self.label, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        lay.addWidget(self.error_label, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        lay.addWidget(self.targetBtn, alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.setFixedSize(400, 550)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def sendCustomer(self):
        self.worker.customer.emit(self.customerlist.currentText())

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(list)
    def updateButton(self, button_list):
        self.targetBtn.setText(button_list[0])
        self.targetBtn.setEnabled(button_list[1])

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def updateLabel(self, label_text):
        self.label.setText(label_text)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def updateError(self, error_text):
        self.error_label.setText(error_text)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = ConfGUI()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

观察:此外,正如您在我的解决方案中所看到的,QThread将是窗口的子级,因为QThread是一个QObject可以处理另一个线程。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您确实写了非常困难的简单事情。 试试吧:

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QPushButton, QComboBox, QLabel
from PyQt5.QtCore    import QThread, pyqtSignal

class ConfWorker(QThread):
    threadSignal = pyqtSignal(str)
    finishSignal = pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, startParm):
        super().__init__()
        self.startParm = startParm   # Initialize the parameters passed to the task 

    def run(self):
        # Do something...
        for i in range(20):
            text = "In progress ................." \
                    if i%2==0 else "In progress {}".format(self.startParm)
            self.threadSignal.emit(text)
            QThread.msleep(500)
        self.finishSignal.emit(self.startParm)


class ConfGUI(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setGeometry(800, 100, 400, 550)
        self.setFixedSize(400, 550)        

        self.targetBtn = QPushButton('Start Configuration', self)
        self.targetBtn.setStyleSheet(
                        "QPushButton { background-color: green; color: white;}"
                        "QPushButton:disabled { background-color: red; color: white;}"
                        )
        self.targetBtn.setGeometry(100, 400, 200, 50)
        self.targetBtn.clicked.connect(self.workerStart)           

        self.customerlist = QComboBox(self)
        self.customerlist.setGeometry(100, 50, 200, 50)
        self.customerlist.setObjectName("customer")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer1")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer2")
        self.customerlist.addItem("testcustomer3")
        self.customerlist.activated[str].connect(self.comboActivated)
        self.startParm = "testcustomer1"

        self.label = QLabel(self)
        self.label.setStyleSheet('font-size: 30pt; font-family: Courier; color: green;')
        self.label.setGeometry(70,250,400,50)

    def workerStart(self):
        self.targetBtn.setText("In progress...")
        self.targetBtn.setEnabled(False)
        self.label.setText("")
        self.worker = ConfWorker(self.startParm)  
        self.worker.threadSignal.connect(self.on_threadSignal)
        self.worker.finishSignal.connect(self.on_finishSignal)        
        self.worker.start()                     

    def on_threadSignal(self, text):
        self.targetBtn.setText(text)

    def on_finishSignal(self, text):
        self.targetBtn.setEnabled(True)
        self.targetBtn.setText("Start Configuration'")
        self.label.setText(text)

    def comboActivated(self, text):
        self.startParm = text


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex  = ConfGUI()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

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