我的本地环境中有一个有效的sqlite数据库。在heroku上，我正在使用psql。但是尝试运行
时出现以下错误$ heroku run python manage.py migrate
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_permission" does not exist
LINE 1: ...ntent_type_id", "auth_permission"."codename" FROM "auth_perm...
^
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 316, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 350, in execute
self.check()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 379, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 366, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 71, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 40, in check_url_namespaces_unique
all_namespaces = _load_all_namespaces(resolver)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 57, in _load_all_namespaces
url_patterns = getattr(resolver, 'url_patterns', [])
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 37, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 533, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 37, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 526, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/codeTrial/urls.py", line 20, in <module>
path('', include('coderunner.urls')),
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/app/coderunner/urls.py", line 4, in <module>
from . import views
File "/app/coderunner/views.py", line 34, in <module>
'perm_obj': Permission.objects.get(name='Can add Questions'),
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 393, in get
num = len(clone)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 250, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1186, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 54, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1065, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 68, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_permission" does not exist
LINE 1: ...ntent_type_id", "auth_permission"."codename" FROM "auth_perm...
^
我猜这在heroku上使用psql并不是问题，因为当我尝试将同一应用程序复制到另一台Linux机器上并尝试重新创建sqlite数据库时，它会提供sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: auth_permission。
当我从app / migration文件夹中删除所有14个迁移文件后尝试迁移时，会发生相同的错误。
我不明白为什么至少没有创建Django数据库表。是不是由于app / models.py文件中的任何错误？
如果您需要查看我的models.py文件，则为：
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.core.validators import MinValueValidator
# Create your models here.
class Questions(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
published_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
question_desc = models.CharField(max_length=500)
pre_code_snippet = models.TextField()
output_format = models.CharField(max_length=500)
timeout = models.IntegerField(default=5, validators=[MinValueValidator(0)])
run_testcase1_input = models.TextField(max_length=50)
run_testcase1_output = models.TextField()
submit_testcase1_input = models.TextField(max_length=50)
submit_testcase1_output = models.TextField()
submit_testcase2_input = models.TextField(max_length=50)
submit_testcase2_output = models.TextField()
times_submitted = models.IntegerField(default=0)
times_correct = models.IntegerField(default=0)
times_wrong = models.IntegerField(default=0)
score = models.IntegerField(default=10,
validators=[MinValueValidator(5)])
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'Questions'
verbose_name_plural = 'Questions'
def __str__(self):
return self.question_text
class Submissions(models.Model):
username = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
submitted_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
submitted_snippet = models.TextField()
question = models.ForeignKey(Questions, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'Submissions'
verbose_name_plural = 'Submissions'
def __str__(self):
return (str(self.username) + '@ [' + str(self.question) + ']')
class UserProfile(models.Model):
username = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
score = models.IntegerField(default=0,
validators=[MinValueValidator(0)])
class Meta:
verbose_name = "UserProfile"
verbose_name_plural = "UserProfiles"
def __str__(self):
return str(self.username)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(username=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
project / settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'coderunner.apps.CoderunnerConfig',
]
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
db_from_env = dj_database_url.config()
DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)
我正在使用Django_2.1.2。我尚未找到任何适合此问题的解决方案。让我知道是否需要提供其他信息。 如果您需要完整的源代码，这是我的Github link。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
是的，我发现了问题。即使在将问题发布到这里之后，我仍在寻找确切的问题，但我还是找到了一篇相关文章，其中有人评论说，根据追溯日志，他的form.py文件存在问题。因此，我认为就我的情况而言，除了我的可疑文件（例如models.py，settings.py或迁移文件）之外，其他文件中可能还会存在一些问题。所以我再次检查了回溯，发现了这个……
File "/app/codeTrial/urls.py", line 20, in <module>
path('', include('coderunner.urls')),
最终执行 coderunner / urls.py ，我在其中导入 coderunner / views.py 内容。
File "/app/coderunner/urls.py", line 4, in <module>
from . import views
在 coderunner / views.py 中，我实际上试图在任何视图函数/类之外创建 Permission 类的对象。因此，当从url.py导入views.py时，views.py被执行。这意味着它甚至在创建之前就已访问 auth 模型，这实际上引发了异常auth_permission does not exist。因此，我在views.py中处理了该代码，然后尝试再次迁移... Boom！成功迁移。
在我的开发环境中，迁移没有问题，因为 auth 模型是在我在coderunner / views.py中实现未处理的代码时创建的。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
python manage.py migrate。它将迁移 Django 本身的初始迁移。