如何通过命令JPanel及其组件和颜色淡入或淡出

时间:2018-10-18 07:57:28

标签: java swing opacity fadein fadeout

我想制作一个玻璃面板,其中包含带有白色背景,边框和味精“请稍候”的JPanel。

这是代码示例:

JLabel glassLabel = new JLabel("Please wait");
FadingPanel msg = new FadingPanel();
glassLabel.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.BOLD, 26));
msg.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
msg.add(glassLabel,BorderLayout.NORTH);
msg.setBackground(Color.white);
msg.setFont(UIManager.getFont("Table.font").deriveFont(24f));   
msg.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new TitledBorder(""),
  new EmptyBorder(20,20,20,20)));

它会在等待查询时淡入和淡出。 问题是我得到了不好的结果。

需要帮助

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

考虑使用JDialog容器。如果是undecorated,则可以更改其opacity

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Point;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;


public class FadeDialog extends JDialog  {

    private float alfa = 1;
    private JLabel label;
    private boolean isFadeIn = true;
    private JButton fadeIn, fadeOut;

    FadeDialog() {

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        setLocation(new Point(300, 300));
        getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout(5,0));
        setUndecorated(true); //opacity supported for undecorated JDialogs

        JButton close = new JButton("Close");
        close.addActionListener(e -> dispose());
        getContentPane().add(close, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
        getContentPane().add(new ContentPane(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);

        Timer timer = new Timer(2000,  e -> fade());//endless fade-in-out loop
        timer.setInitialDelay(100);
        timer.start();
    }

    void fade() {

        alfa = isFadeIn ? alfa + 0.1f : alfa -0.1f;
        if(alfa <=0 ) {
            alfa = 0; isFadeIn = true;
        }else if(alfa >= 1) {
            alfa = 1; isFadeIn = false;
        }

        fadeIn.setEnabled(! isFadeIn); fadeOut.setEnabled(isFadeIn);
        label.setText("Alfa is " + alfa);
        setOpacity(alfa); //set JDialog opacity
    }

    class ContentPane extends JPanel {

        ContentPane() {
            setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 100));
            setLayout(new BorderLayout());
            fadeIn = new JButton("Fade In");
            fadeIn.addActionListener(e -> isFadeIn = true);
            add(fadeIn, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);

            label = new JLabel("Alfa is " + alfa);
            add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

            fadeOut = new JButton("Fade Out");
            fadeOut.addActionListener(e -> isFadeIn = false);
            add(fadeOut, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new FadeDialog();
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

  

另一个是他们都没有在玻璃面板上显示它

动画glassPane的不透明度状态与动画任何Swing组件的状态没有什么不同,毕竟glassPane只是另一个组件。

  

一个是计时器系统不知道启动功能是否已启动,并且使面板保持挂起状态,因为它在使面板褪色之前先关闭面板,然后在其显示之前又不尝试再次关闭面板

这更多有关您自己的内部状态管理。面板不在乎,它应该只是响应更改不透明度级别(向前或向后)的请求

您应该拥有的是一种“引擎”,该引擎可以在达到某些状态时提供事件,这时您可以决定应该做什么,并从“面板”本身中删除功能。 >

理论TL; DR

好的,首先,一些理论。

动画...

动画是时间变化的错觉。在您的情况下,您将从0移到1,然后在指定的时间段内再次移回。这通常称为“线性进行/动画”。大多数幼稚的动画实现都会简单地向值添加一个常数增量,并一直这样做直到达到期望的状态。这是天真的,因为并非所有系统都是平等的。有些将比其他一些能够更快地达到所需的状态,从而使动画不均匀并提供较差的用户体验。

相反,您应该专注于在固定时间段内执行操作,以系统允许的最快速度计算所需值。这允许动画根据系统的功能根据需要“放下”帧。这通常称为“基于持续时间的动画”。

这种方法功能更强大,因为它可以让您以非常简单的方式来播放动画的速度。它还可以让您执行一些非常高级的操作,例如轻松操作,而通过线性级数很难实现。

摇摆和动画...

Swing是单线程的。这意味着您无法在事件调度线程的上下文中执行阻止或长时间运行的操作。

Swing也不是线程安全的。这意味着您不应该从EDT上下文外部更新UI(或UI依赖的任何状态)。

对于动画,您需要某种方式将事件快速,重复地发布到EDT上,这将使您可以安全地对UI进行更改。为此,最常用的工具是Swing Timer ...

框架

因此,基于此,我们需要某种“引擎”,给定一个“范围”和一个“持续时间”,可以定期通知“ ticks”的使用,由此我们可以计算出动画已经播放,并根据输入内容计算应该使用的值...简单...

我个人更喜欢使用动画库,但是示例中提供的简单框架基本上将所有这些概念抽象为可重用的框架。

做到...

nb:我没空了,所以基本示例中包含了底层框架

好吧,这一切都很好而且很蓬松,但这实际上对我们有什么帮助。本质上,上面的想法是抽象出通用功能并使其可重用(是的,我实际上确实使用过很多)

我们现在需要的是一个可以实际使用它的组件,就像...

public interface FaderListener {
    public void fadeDidComplete(FadePane pane);
}

public class FadePane extends JPanel {

    private double alpha = 1;
    private boolean fadingIn = true;
    private DoubleAnimatable animatable;
    private Duration duration = Duration.ofSeconds(5);
    private List<FaderListener> listeners = new ArrayList<>(5);

    public FadePane() {
        setOpaque(false);
    }

    public void addFadeListener(FaderListener listener) {
        listeners.add(listener);
    }

    public void removeFadeListener(FaderListener listener) {
        listeners.remove(listener);
    }

    public boolean isFadingIn() {
        return fadingIn;
    }

    public double getAlpha() {
        return alpha;
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
        g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.SrcOver.derive((float)getAlpha()));
        g2d.setColor(getBackground());
        g2d.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        super.paint(g2d);
        g2d.dispose();
    }

    protected void fadeTo(double to) {
        double currentAlpha = getAlpha();
        if (animatable != null) {
            animatable.stop();
            animatable = null;
        }

        if (currentAlpha == to) {
            fadeDidComplete();
            return;
        }

        DoubleRange animationRange = new DoubleRange(currentAlpha, to);
        double maxFrom = to == 1 ? 1 : 0;
        double maxTo = to == 1 ? 0 : 1;
        DoubleRange maxRange = new DoubleRange(maxFrom, maxTo);

        animatable = new DoubleAnimatable(animationRange, maxRange, duration, new AnimatableListener<Double>() {
            @Override
            public void animationChanged(Animatable<Double> animatable) {
                alpha = animatable.getValue();
                repaint();
            }
        }, new AnimatableLifeCycleListenerAdapter<Double>() {
            @Override
            public void animationCompleted(Animatable<Double> animatable) {
                fadeDidComplete();
            }
        });

        Animator.INSTANCE.add(animatable);
    }

    public void fadeIn() {
        fadingIn = true;
        fadeTo(1);
    }

    public void fadeOut() {
        fadingIn = false;
        fadeTo(0);
    }

    protected void fadeDidComplete() {            
        for (FaderListener listener : listeners) {
            listener.fadeDidComplete(this);
        }
    }

}

好的,这是一个非常简单的概念。这是一个JPanel,它具有一个alpha属性,该属性会更改组件的不透明度级别-基本上,这都是伪造的,因为Swing仅支持不透明和透明的组件,而不支持半透明的组件。因此,我们将组件设置为透明,然后手动绘制背景。

该组件公开了fadeInfadeOut两种方法,并支持FaderListener,可用于通知感兴趣的参与者淡入淡出操作已经完成

可运行的示例...

Fade

import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Test();
    }

    public Test() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setBackground(Color.RED);
            setLayout(new BorderLayout());

            FadePane pane = new FadePane();
            pane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            pane.add(new JLabel("Look ma, no hands"));

            add(pane);

            JButton btn = new JButton("Switch");
            btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    btn.setEnabled(false);
                    if (pane.isFadingIn()) {
                        pane.fadeOut();
                    } else {
                        pane.fadeIn();
                    }
                }
            });
            add(btn, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

            pane.addFadeListener(new FaderListener() {
                @Override
                public void fadeDidComplete(FadePane pane) {
                    btn.setEnabled(true);
                }
            });
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 200);
        }

    }

    public interface FaderListener {
        public void fadeDidComplete(FadePane pane);
    }

    public class FadePane extends JPanel {

        private double alpha = 1;
        private boolean fadingIn = true;
        private DoubleAnimatable animatable;
        private Duration duration = Duration.ofSeconds(5);
        private List<FaderListener> listeners = new ArrayList<>(5);

        public FadePane() {
            setOpaque(false);
        }

        public void addFadeListener(FaderListener listener) {
            listeners.add(listener);
        }

        public void removeFadeListener(FaderListener listener) {
            listeners.remove(listener);
        }

        public boolean isFadingIn() {
            return fadingIn;
        }

        public double getAlpha() {
            return alpha;
        }

        public void setFaddedOut() {
            alpha = 0;
            fadingIn = false;
        }

        public void setFaddedIn() {
            alpha = 1;
            fadingIn = true;
        }

        @Override
        public void paint(Graphics g) {
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.SrcOver.derive((float)getAlpha()));
            g2d.setColor(getBackground());
            g2d.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
            super.paint(g2d);
            g2d.dispose();
        }

        protected void fadeTo(double to) {
            double currentAlpha = getAlpha();
            if (animatable != null) {
                animatable.stop();
                animatable = null;
            }

            if (currentAlpha == to) {
                fadeDidComplete();
                return;
            }

            DoubleRange animationRange = new DoubleRange(currentAlpha, to);
            double maxFrom = to == 1 ? 1 : 0;
            double maxTo = to == 1 ? 0 : 1;
            DoubleRange maxRange = new DoubleRange(maxFrom, maxTo);

            animatable = new DoubleAnimatable(animationRange, maxRange, duration, new AnimatableListener<Double>() {
                @Override
                public void animationChanged(Animatable<Double> animatable) {
                    alpha = animatable.getValue();
                    repaint();
                }
            }, new AnimatableLifeCycleListenerAdapter<Double>() {
                @Override
                public void animationCompleted(Animatable<Double> animatable) {
                    fadeDidComplete();
                }
            });

            Animator.INSTANCE.add(animatable);
        }

        public void fadeIn() {
            fadingIn = true;
            fadeTo(1);
        }

        public void fadeOut() {
            fadingIn = false;
            fadeTo(0);
        }

        protected void fadeDidComplete() {            
            for (FaderListener listener : listeners) {
                listener.fadeDidComplete(this);
            }
        }

    }

    public class DoubleAnimatable extends AbstractAnimatable<Double> {

        public DoubleAnimatable(DoubleRange animationRange, DoubleRange maxRange, Duration duration, AnimatableListener<Double> listener, AnimatableLifeCycleListener<Double> lifeCycleListener) {
            super(animationRange, duration, listener, lifeCycleListener);

            double maxDistance = maxRange.getDistance();
            double aniDistance = animationRange.getDistance();

            double progress = Math.min(100, Math.max(0, Math.abs(aniDistance / maxDistance)));
            Duration remainingDuration = Duration.ofMillis((long) (duration.toMillis() * progress));
            setDuration(remainingDuration);
        }

    }

    public interface AnimatableListener<T> {
        public void animationChanged(Animatable<T> animatable);
    }

    public interface AnimatableLifeCycleListener<T> {
        public void animationStopped(Animatable<T> animatable);
        public void animationCompleted(Animatable<T> animatable);
        public void animationStarted(Animatable<T> animatable);
        public void animationPaused(Animatable<T> animatable);        
    }

    public class AnimatableLifeCycleListenerAdapter<T> implements AnimatableLifeCycleListener<T> {

        @Override
        public void animationStopped(Animatable<T> animatable) {
        }

        @Override
        public void animationCompleted(Animatable<T> animatable) {
        }

        @Override
        public void animationStarted(Animatable<T> animatable) {
        }

        @Override
        public void animationPaused(Animatable<T> animatable) {
        }

    }

    public abstract class AbstractAnimatable<T> implements Animatable<T> {

        private Range<T> range;
        private LocalDateTime startTime;
        private Duration duration = Duration.ofSeconds(5);
        private T value;
        private AnimatableListener<T> animatableListener;
        private AnimatableLifeCycleListener<T> lifeCycleListener;
//        private Easement easement;
        private double rawOffset;

        public AbstractAnimatable(Range<T> range, Duration duration, AnimatableListener<T> listener) {
            this.range = range;
            this.value = range.getFrom();
            this.animatableListener = listener;
        }

        public AbstractAnimatable(Range<T> range, Duration duration, AnimatableListener<T> listener, AnimatableLifeCycleListener<T> lifeCycleListener) {
            this(range, duration, listener);
            this.lifeCycleListener = lifeCycleListener;
        }

//        public AbstractAnimatable(Range<T> range, Duration duration, Easement easement, AnimatableListener<T> listener) {
//            this(range, duration, listener);
//            this.easement = easement;
//        }
//
//        public AbstractAnimatable(Range<T> range, Duration duration, Easement easement, AnimatableListener<T> listener, AnimatableLifeCycleListener<T> lifeCycleListener) {
//            this(range, duration, easement, listener);
//            this.lifeCycleListener = lifeCycleListener;
//        }
//
//        public void setEasement(Easement easement) {
//            this.easement = easement;
//        }
//
//        @Override
//        public Easement getEasement() {
//            return easement;
//        }

        public Duration getDuration() {
            return duration;
        }

        public Range<T> getRange() {
            return range;
        }

        public void setRange(Range<T> range) {
            this.range = range;
        }

        @Override
        public T getValue() {
            return value;
        }

        protected void setDuration(Duration duration) {
            this.duration = duration;
        }

        public double getCurrentProgress(double rawProgress) {
            double progress = Math.min(1.0, Math.max(0.0, getRawProgress()));
//            Easement easement = getEasement();
//            if (easement != null) {
//                progress = easement.interpolate(progress);
//            }
            return Math.min(1.0, Math.max(0.0, progress));
        }

        public double getRawProgress() {
            if (startTime == null) {
                return 0.0;
            }
            Duration duration = getDuration();
            Duration runningTime = Duration.between(startTime, LocalDateTime.now());
            double progress = rawOffset + (runningTime.toMillis() / (double) duration.toMillis());

            return Math.min(1.0, Math.max(0.0, progress));
        }

        @Override
        public void tick() {
            if (startTime == null) {
                startTime = LocalDateTime.now();
                fireAnimationStarted();
            }
            double rawProgress = getRawProgress();
            double progress = getCurrentProgress(rawProgress);
            if (rawProgress >= 1.0) {
                progress = 1.0;
            }
            value = getRange().valueAt(progress);
            fireAnimationChanged();
            if (rawProgress >= 1.0) {
                fireAnimationCompleted();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void start() {
            if (startTime != null) {
                // Restart?
                return;
            }
            Animator.INSTANCE.add(this);
        }

        @Override
        public void stop() {
            stopWithNotification(true);
        }

        @Override
        public void pause() {
            rawOffset += getRawProgress();
            stopWithNotification(false);

            double remainingProgress = 1.0 - rawOffset;
            Duration remainingTime = getDuration().minusMillis((long) remainingProgress);
            setDuration(remainingTime);

            lifeCycleListener.animationStopped(this);
        }

        protected void fireAnimationChanged() {
            if (animatableListener == null) {
                return;
            }
            animatableListener.animationChanged(this);
        }

        protected void fireAnimationCompleted() {
            stopWithNotification(false);
            if (lifeCycleListener == null) {
                return;
            }
            lifeCycleListener.animationCompleted(this);
        }

        protected void fireAnimationStarted() {
            if (lifeCycleListener == null) {
                return;
            }
            lifeCycleListener.animationStarted(this);
        }

        protected void fireAnimationPaused() {
            if (lifeCycleListener == null) {
                return;
            }
            lifeCycleListener.animationPaused(this);
        }

        protected void stopWithNotification(boolean notify) {
            Animator.INSTANCE.remove(this);
            startTime = null;
            if (notify) {
                if (lifeCycleListener == null) {
                    return;
                }
                lifeCycleListener.animationStopped(this);
            }
        }

    }

    public interface Animatable<T> {

        public Range<T> getRange();

        public T getValue();

        public void tick();

        public Duration getDuration();

        //public Easement getEasement();

        // Wondering if these should be part of a secondary interface
        // Provide a "self managed" unit of work
        public void start();

        public void stop();

        public void pause();
    }

    public abstract class Range<T> {

        private T from;
        private T to;

        public Range(T from, T to) {
            this.from = from;
            this.to = to;
        }

        public T getFrom() {
            return from;
        }

        public T getTo() {
            return to;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "From " + getFrom() + " to " + getTo();
        }

        public abstract T valueAt(double progress);

    }

    public class DoubleRange extends Range<Double> {

        public DoubleRange(Double from, Double to) {
            super(from, to);
        }

        public Double getDistance() {
            return getTo() - getFrom();
        }

        @Override
        public Double valueAt(double progress) {
            double distance = getDistance();
            double value = distance * progress;
            value += getFrom();
            return value;
        }
    }

    public enum Animator {
        INSTANCE;
        private Timer timer;
        private List<Animatable> properies;

        private Animator() {
            properies = new ArrayList<>(5);
            timer = new Timer(5, new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    List<Animatable> copy = new ArrayList<>(properies);
                    Iterator<Animatable> it = copy.iterator();
                    while (it.hasNext()) {
                        Animatable ap = it.next();
                        ap.tick();
                    }
                    if (properies.isEmpty()) {
                        timer.stop();
                    }
                }
            });
        }

        public void add(Animatable ap) {
            properies.add(ap);
            timer.start();
        }

        protected void removeAll(List<Animatable> completed) {
            properies.removeAll(completed);
        }

        public void remove(Animatable ap) {
            properies.remove(ap);
            if (properies.isEmpty()) {
                timer.stop();
            }
        }

    }

}
  

但这不是glassPane

...好吧,就像我说的,glassPane只是另一个组成部分

这是一个简单的示例,它利用了框架的glassPane,并且当面板淡出时,会将glassPane重置为默认组件

import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.Timer;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Test();
    }

    public Test() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

            JButton btn = new JButton("Switch");
            btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    Window window = SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(TestPane.this);
                    if (!(window instanceof JFrame)) {
                        System.out.println("Not out frame");
                        return;
                    }
                    JFrame frame = (JFrame) window;
                    FadePane pane = new FadePane();
                    pane.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                    pane.add(new JLabel("All your base are belong to us"));
                    pane.setFaddedOut();
                    pane.addFadeListener(new FaderListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void fadeDidComplete(FadePane pane) {
                            System.out.println("Completed");
                            if (pane.getAlpha() == 1) {
                                System.out.println("Fade out");
                                pane.fadeOut();
                            } else {
                                System.out.println("Remove glasspane");
                                frame.setGlassPane(new JPanel());
                            }
                        }
                    });
                    frame.setGlassPane(pane);
                    System.out.println("Fade in");
                    pane.setVisible(true);
                    pane.fadeIn();
                }
            });
            add(btn);
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 200);
        }

    }

}

nb:所需的类在前面的示例中