如何在Python中验证字符串是否为有效日期

时间:2018-10-17 19:23:35

标签: python django

我在Django中有一个具有两个 DateField 的模型,但有时它们从前端接收到错误的日期,例如“ 20196-10-23”。即使实际上可能是一个有效的日期(疯狂但合法),由于以下错误,python也不允许比较两个日期:TypeError: '>=' not supported between instances of 'datetime.date' and 'str',所以我想使用clean()方法来验证这两个日期都是有效的,但是即使日期正确,我也总是会弄错日期。

这是clean()方法的代码:

def clean(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            Reservation.objects.get(booking=self.booking)
        except:
            pass
        else:
            raise CustomValidation(_('Booking already exists.'), 'booking', status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        print("{}/{}".format(self.arrival_date, self.departure_date))

        try:
            datetime.strptime(self.arrival_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
        except:
            raise CustomValidation(_('Arrival date must be a valid date.'), 'arrival_date', status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        if self.arrival_date >= self.departure_date:
            raise CustomValidation(_('Departure date must be later than Arrival date.'), 'departure_date', status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
        elif self.arrival_date <= timezone.datetime.now().date():
            if self.id == None:
                raise CustomValidation(_('Arrival date must be later than today.'), 'arrival_date', status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        if self.status == 'CONFIRMED' and self.confirmation is None:
            raise CustomValidation(_('Must provide a confirmation number.'), 'confirmation', status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

即使日期正确,我也总是例外。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

虽然从概念上讲20196是有效年份,但Python不允许这样做。我试过了...

import datetime
from datetime import date

def clean(arrival_date):
    return date(*map(int, arrival_date.split("-")))

print(clean("20196-10-23"))
# ValueError: year is out of range

...,发现实际上存在用于Python日期的硬编码maximum year value of 9999

因此,尽管您可以通过各种方式从技术上验证格式,但无法使用内置的datetime模块来处理此类日期。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我通常首先将两个日期都设置为datetime.strptime()

try:
    #get the dates 
    my_date_time_1 = self.cleaned_data['date_1']
    my_date_time_2 = self.cleaned_data['date_2']
    #set the datetime
    my_date_time_1 = datetime.strptime(my_date_time_1, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    my_date_time_2 = datetime.strptime(my_date_time_2, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
except:
    raise forms.ValidationError(u'Wrong Date Format')    


#and then compare dates
if my_date_time_1 >= my_date_time_2:
        raise forms.ValidationError(u'Please check the dates')