Question

我想创建或获取证书，创建pfx文件，加载它并让IdentityServer使用它。但是，IdentityServer无法使用我的pfx。

如何成功创建pfx并让IdentityServer使用它？

我有一个使用ASP.Net Core在localhost上运行的IdentityServer4 Web解决方案。我正在为在Azure上运行的生产准备解决方案，并将证书添加到IdentityServer管道中，而不是开发人员签名证书中。

通常，这意味着像这样交换代码

services.AddIdentityServer()
        .AddDeveloperSigningCredential()

使用

services.AddIdentityServer()
        .AddSigningCredential(cert)

其中“ cert”是X509Certificate2的对象实例，该对象实例已加载包含证书（带有公钥和私钥）的PFX文件。

我使用的证书是自签名的，并且是按照Ben Cull博客https://benjii.me/2017/06/creating-self-signed-certificate-identity-server-azure/

上的步骤创建的

将证书和私钥导出到PFX文件，以便将公钥和私钥都包含在文件中。

PFX文件的加载成功。加载代码为

cert = new X509Certificate2(Path.Combine(Environment.ContentRootPath, "MyPfxFile.pfx"), "password-used-when-exporting-pfx");

Pfx文件位于Web项目内，并且已找到并读入X509Certificate对象。

在Visual Studio中检查X509Certificate2时，属性HasPrivateKey返回true，但是PrivateKey属性解析为观察程序中的异常。

'cert.PrivateKey' threw an exception of type 'Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper.WindowsCryptographicException'

所有其他属性在观察器中看起来都很好并且很好。

此外，当我在证书对象实例的“即时窗口”方法中执行GetRSAPrivateKey时，它将返回异常。

cert.GetRSAPrivateKey()
'cert.GetRSAPrivateKey()' threw an exception of type 'Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper.WindowsCryptographicException'
    Data: {System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal}
    HResult: -2146893798
    HelpLink: null
    InnerException: null
    Message: "Keyset as registered is invalid"
    Source: "System.Security.Cryptography.Csp"
    StackTrace: "   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.CreateProvHandle(CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeProvHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeKeyHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(Int32 keySize, CspParameters parameters, Boolean useDefaultKeySize)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.<>c.<GetRSAPrivateKey>b__61_0(CspParameters csp)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetPrivateKey[T](Func`2 createCsp, Func`2 createCng)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetRSAPrivateKey()\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificateExtensionsCommon.GetPrivateKey[T](X509Certificate2 certificate, Predicate`1 matchesConstraints)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions.GetRSA
PrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate)"
    TargetSite: {System.Security.Cryptography.SafeProvHandle CreateProvHandle(System.Security.Cryptography.CspParameters, Boolean)}

我曾尝试使用X509KeyStorageFlags的不同设置加载pfx文件，但是行为和例外是相同的。

我还试图将PFX安装到Windows计算机的证书管理器中，并且我已经成功地从那里加载了它，但是抛出了相同的异常。

最后，当从IdentityServer请求访问令牌时，将引发相同的异常。我在下面粘贴了异常跟踪。

IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware:Critical: Unhandled exception: Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper+WindowsCryptographicException: Keyset as registered is invalid
   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.CreateProvHandle(CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeProvHandle()
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeKeyHandle()
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(Int32 keySize, CspParameters parameters, Boolean useDefaultKeySize)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.<>c.<GetRSAPrivateKey>b__61_0(CspParameters csp)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetPrivateKey[T](Func`2 createCsp, Func`2 createCng)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetRSAPrivateKey()
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificateExtensionsCommon.GetPrivateKey[T](X509Certificate2 certificate, Predicate`1 matchesConstraints)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions.GetRSAPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_PrivateKey()
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_HasPrivateKey()
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider.HasPrivateKey(SecurityKey key)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider..ctor(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateSignatureProvider(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateForSigning(SecurityKey key, String algorithm)
   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.CreateEncodedSignature(String input, SigningCredentials signingCredentials)
   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.WriteToken(SecurityToken token)
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.CreateJwtAsync(JwtSecurityToken jwt) in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 209
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.<CreateTokenAsync>d__4.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 67
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenService.<CreateSecurityTokenAsync>d__9.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenService.cs:line 210
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<CreateAccessTokenAsync>d__14.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 313
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAuthorizationCodeRequestAsync>d__10.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 133
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 88
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessTokenRequestAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Endpoints\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 98
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessAsync>d__6.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Endpoints\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 70
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Hosting\IdentityServerMiddleware.cs:line 54
Application Insights Telemetry (unconfigured): {"name":"Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Dev.Message","time":"2018-10-17T09:19:34.1583055Z","tags":{"ai.application.ver":"1.0.0.0","ai.cloud.roleInstance":"HEBE","ai.operation.id":"d7c51fcd-421c862dd08fe813","ai.operation.parentId":"|d7c51fcd-421c862dd08fe813.","ai.operation.name":"POST /connect/token","ai.location.ip":"127.0.0.1","ai.internal.sdkVersion":"aspnet5c:2.1.1","ai.internal.nodeName":"HEBE"},"data":{"baseType":"MessageData","baseData":{"ver":2,"message":"Unhandled exception: Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper+WindowsCryptographicException: Keyset as registered is invalid\r\n   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.CreateProvHandle(CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeProvHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeKeyHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(Int32 keySize, CspParameters parameters, Boolean useDefaultKeySize)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.<>c.<GetRSAPrivateKey>b__61_0(CspParameters csp)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetPrivateKey[T](Func`2 createCsp, Func`2 createCng)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetRSAPrivateKey()\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificateExtensionsCommon.GetPrivateKey[T](X509Certificate2 certificate, Predicate`1 matchesConstraints)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions.GetRSAPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_PrivateKey()\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_HasPrivateKey()\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider.HasPrivateKey(SecurityKey key)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider..ctor(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateSignatureProvider(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateForSigning(SecurityKey key, String algorithm)\r\n   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.CreateEncodedSignature(String input, SigningCredentials signingCredentials)\r\n   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.WriteToken(SecurityToken token)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.CreateJwtAsync(JwtSecurityToken jwt) in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 209\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.<CreateTokenAsync>d__4.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 67\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenService.<CreateSecurityTokenAsync>d__9.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenService.cs:line 210\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<CreateAccessTokenAsync>d__14.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 313\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAuthorizationCodeRequestAsync>d__10.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 133\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 88\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessTokenRequestAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Endpoints\\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 98\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessAsync>d__6.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Endpoints\\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 70\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Hosting\\IdentityServerMiddleware.cs:line 54","severityLevel":"Critical","properties":{"DeveloperMode":"true","AspNetCoreEnvironment":"Development","{OriginalFormat}":"Unhandled exception: {exception}","exception":"Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper+WindowsCryptographicException: Keyset as registered is invalid\r\n   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.CreateProvHandle(CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeProvHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeKeyHandle()\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(Int32 keySize, CspParameters parameters, Boolean useDefaultKeySize)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.<>c.<GetRSAPrivateKey>b__61_0(CspParameters csp)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetPrivateKey[T](Func`2 createCsp, Func`2 createCng)\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetRSAPrivateKey()\r\n   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificateExtensionsCommon.GetPrivateKey[T](X509Certificate2 certificate, Predicate`1 matchesConstraints)\r\n   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions.GetRSAPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_PrivateKey()\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_HasPrivateKey()\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider.HasPrivateKey(SecurityKey key)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider..ctor(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateSignatureProvider(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)\r\n   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateForSigning(SecurityKey key, String algorithm)\r\n   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.CreateEncodedSignature(String input, SigningCredentials signingCredentials)\r\n   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.WriteToken(SecurityToken token)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.CreateJwtAsync(JwtSecurityToken jwt) in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 209\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.<CreateTokenAsync>d__4.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 67\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenService.<CreateSecurityTokenAsync>d__9.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Services\\DefaultTokenService.cs:line 210\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<CreateAccessTokenAsync>d__14.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 313\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAuthorizationCodeRequestAsync>d__10.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 133\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\ResponseHandling\\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 88\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessTokenRequestAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Endpoints\\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 98\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessAsync>d__6.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Endpoints\\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 70\r\n--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---\r\n   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()\r\n   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)\r\n   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\\local\\identity\\server4\\IdentityServer4\\src\\IdentityServer4\\Hosting\\IdentityServerMiddleware.cs:line 54","CategoryName":"IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware"}}}}
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.ExceptionHandlerMiddleware:Error: An unhandled exception has occurred: Keyset as registered is invalid

Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper+WindowsCryptographicException: Keyset as registered is invalid
   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.CreateProvHandle(CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeProvHandle()
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.get_SafeKeyHandle()
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(Int32 keySize, CspParameters parameters, Boolean useDefaultKeySize)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.<>c.<GetRSAPrivateKey>b__61_0(CspParameters csp)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetPrivateKey[T](Func`2 createCsp, Func`2 createCng)
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificatePal.GetRSAPrivateKey()
   at Internal.Cryptography.Pal.CertificateExtensionsCommon.GetPrivateKey[T](X509Certificate2 certificate, Predicate`1 matchesConstraints)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions.GetRSAPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_PrivateKey()
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.X509SecurityKey.get_HasPrivateKey()
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider.HasPrivateKey(SecurityKey key)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.AsymmetricSignatureProvider..ctor(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateSignatureProvider(SecurityKey key, String algorithm, Boolean willCreateSignatures)
   at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.CryptoProviderFactory.CreateForSigning(SecurityKey key, String algorithm)
   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.CreateEncodedSignature(String input, SigningCredentials signingCredentials)
   at System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.JwtSecurityTokenHandler.WriteToken(SecurityToken token)
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.CreateJwtAsync(JwtSecurityToken jwt) in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 209
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenCreationService.<CreateTokenAsync>d__4.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenCreationService.cs:line 67
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Services.DefaultTokenService.<CreateSecurityTokenAsync>d__9.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Services\DefaultTokenService.cs:line 210
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<CreateAccessTokenAsync>d__14.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 313
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAuthorizationCodeRequestAsync>d__10.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 133
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.ResponseHandling.TokenResponseGenerator.<ProcessAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\ResponseHandling\TokenResponseGenerator.cs:line 88
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessTokenRequestAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Endpoints\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 98
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Endpoints.TokenEndpoint.<ProcessAsync>d__6.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Endpoints\TokenEndpoint.cs:line 70
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Hosting\IdentityServerMiddleware.cs:line 54
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Hosting\IdentityServerMiddleware.cs:line 72
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.<Invoke>d__6.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors.Infrastructure.CorsMiddleware.<Invoke>d__7.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.BaseUrlMiddleware.<Invoke>d__3.MoveNext() in C:\local\identity\server4\IdentityServer4\src\IdentityServer4\Hosting\BaseUrlMiddleware.cs:line 43
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.ExceptionHandlerMiddleware.<Invoke>d__6.MoveNext()

Answer 1

通过添加IIS_IUSR组已解决了该问题。通过此链接Add group IIS_IUSR：

问题是Windows证书存储区中的证书私钥权限没有将IIS_IUSRS组设置为允许读取访问。

右键单击证书->所有任务->管理私钥->添加组“ IIS_IUSRS”

Answer 2

在IIS 10上，我必须将应用程序池标识更改为LocalSystem

Answer 3

我也关注了该博客文章，也遇到了这个问题。问题是当您运行此命令以创建PKCS12文件时：

openssl pkcs12 -export -out example.pfx -inkey example.key -in example.crt -certfile example.crt

尝试删除-certfile example.crt，它应该可以工作。

还根据.NET Core X509Certificate2 usage (under Windows/IIS, Docker, Linux)，您可以通过访问cert.PrivateKey来测试是否从文件正确加载了证书。例如

X509Certificate2 cert = new X509Certificate2(Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "cert.pfx"), "password");
Console.WriteLine("cert private key: " + cert.PrivateKey);

WindowsCryptographicException：密钥集不存在

3 个答案: