我正在尝试向我在Heroku上部署的Django应用中添加文件的静态目录，以包含javascript，css等）。
存储正在使用AWS S3完成，我知道这部分正在工作，因为在尝试添加此静态目录之前，命令heroku run python manage.py collectstatic可以正常工作，将所有管理站点的资产都放在我的AWS S3存储桶中。
基本上，我在项目的主应用程序的同一级别上添加了一个名为“静态”的目录，称为“核心”。我希望当我运行collectstatic时，此目录中的文件将类似地放置在我的AWS S3存储桶中的“ static”下。
但这就是我尝试在Heroku上部署应用程序时得到的...
(primedminds-FA7a2hIW) bash-3.2$ git push heroku master
Counting objects: 2, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (2/2), 236 bytes | 236.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 2 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Compressing source files... done.
remote: Building source:
remote:
remote: -----> Python app detected
remote: ! The latest version of Python 3.6 is python-3.6.6 (you are using python-3.6.5, which is unsupported).
remote: ! We recommend upgrading by specifying the latest version (python-3.6.6).
remote: Learn More: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes
remote: Skipping installation, as Pipfile.lock hasn't changed since last deploy.
remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
remote: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
remote: """)
remote: Traceback (most recent call last):
remote: File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
remote: execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
remote: utility.execute()
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
remote: self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
remote: self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
remote: output = self.handle(*args, **options)
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 189, in handle
remote: collected = self.collect()
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 105, in collect
remote: for path, storage in finder.list(self.ignore_patterns):
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 125, in list
remote: for path in utils.get_files(storage, ignore_patterns):
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/utils.py", line 28, in get_files
remote: directories, files = storage.listdir(location)
remote: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 313, in listdir
remote: for entry in os.listdir(path):
remote: FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/build_c0914e5498ba1b53e00fb3adb7ce14d8/static'
remote:
remote: ! Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.
remote: See traceback above for details.
remote:
remote: You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
remote: Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:
remote:
remote: $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
remote:
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets
remote: ! Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
remote:
remote: ! Push failed
remote: Verifying deploy...
remote:
remote: ! Push rejected to primedminds.
remote:
To https://git.heroku.com/primedminds.git
! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.heroku.com/primedminds.git'
当我手动执行collectstatic命令时，它抱怨目录丢失了。请注意，我没有名为“ app”的应用，并且在我的设置文件中没有提及任何“ app”：
(primedminds-FA7a2hIW) bash-3.2$ heroku run python manage.py collectstatic
Running python manage.py collectstatic on ⬢ primedminds... up, run.7871 (Free)
/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
""")
You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings.
This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?
Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 189, in handle
collected = self.collect()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 105, in collect
for path, storage in finder.list(self.ignore_patterns):
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 125, in list
for path in utils.get_files(storage, ignore_patterns):
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/utils.py", line 28, in get_files
directories, files = storage.listdir(location)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 313, in listdir
for entry in os.listdir(path):
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/app/static’
这是我的settings.py文件：
"""
Django settings for primedminds project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.9.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/
"""
import os
import socket
import django_heroku
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = ‘<redacted>'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
if socket.gethostname().endswith('.local'): # True in your local computer
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['localhost', '127.0.0.1',]
else:
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['.herokuapp.com', 'primedminds.com',]
#ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'handlers': {
'console': {
'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
},
},
'loggers': {
'django': {
'handlers': ['console'],
'level': os.getenv('DJANGO_LOG_LEVEL', 'DEBUG'),
},
},
}
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'import_export',
'storages',
'core',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'primedminds.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'primedminds.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': os.environ['DATABASE_NAME'],
'USER': os.environ['DATABASE_USER'],
'PASSWORD': os.environ['DATABASE_PASSWORD'],
'HOST': '',
'PORT': '',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Los_Angeles'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'))
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.normpath(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')),
]
# AWS S3
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID']
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'primedminds'
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = '%s.s3.amazonaws.com' % AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME
AWS_S3_OBJECT_PARAMETERS = {
'CacheControl': 'max-age=86400',
}
AWS_LOCATION = 'static'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'primedminds.storage_backends.MediaStorage'
STATIC_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, AWS_LOCATION)
#ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = STATIC_URL + 'admin/'
# Import export
#IMPORT_EXPORT_USE_TRANSACTIONS = True
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
# Configure Django App for Heroku.
#django_heroku.settings(locals(), staticfiles=True)
django_heroku.settings(locals())
更新1：我忘记了设置一个.gitignore和static的{{1}}文件。这样看来，好像没有任何文件可以上传。一旦我从staticfiles删除了这些行，便继续进行。
现在的问题是，为什么文件没有像我期望的那样被保存到AWS S3存储桶中。相反，它们似乎要转到/ tmp下的.gitignore目录。这是正在发生的事情：
staticfiles 更新2：事实证明，至少没有将其保存到AWS的原因之一是，它希望使用WhiteNoise本地文件存储（(primedminds-FA7a2hIW) bash-3.2$ git push heroku master
Counting objects: 6, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 586 bytes | 586.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 6 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Compressing source files... done.
remote: Building source:
remote:
remote: -----> Python app detected
remote: ! The latest version of Python 3.6 is python-3.6.6 (you are using python-3.6.5, which is unsupported).
remote: ! We recommend upgrading by specifying the latest version (python-3.6.6).
remote: Learn More: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes
remote: Skipping installation, as Pipfile.lock hasn't changed since last deploy.
remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
remote: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
remote: """)
remote: 148 static files copied to '/tmp/build_53bed4ea57eaa119caf33247adadfed7/staticfiles', 178 post-processed.
remote:
remote: -----> Discovering process types
remote: Procfile declares types -> web
remote:
remote: -----> Compressing...
remote: Done: 193.6M
remote: -----> Launching...
remote: Released v85
remote: https://primedminds.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
remote:
remote: Verifying deploy... done.
To https://git.heroku.com/primedminds.git
fc1cde0..0033cfe master -> master
）而不是AWS存储我将在我的设置文件中设置的中间件：
whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage罪魁祸首是设置文件末尾的这一行：
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage’
该行将覆盖我的django_heroku.settings(locals())
变量。所以我将其更改为：
STATICFILES_STORAGE我认为这可以解决问题，但是collectstatic仍无法将django_heroku.settings(locals(), staticfiles=False)
中的文件放入AWS S3存储桶中。我在Heroku服务器上运行了此命令：
STATICFILES_DIRS并获得以下输出：
django-admin collectstatic --settings=primedminds.settings
至少现在它不只是在本地复制文件。但是仍然没有文件复制到AWS。我也尝试过使用~ $ django-admin collectstatic --settings=primedminds.settings
/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
""")
You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings.
This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?
Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
0 static files copied, 148 unmodified.
标志，但是没有骰子。
[偶然地，我不得不使用--clear命令，而不是django-admin，因为后者出于某种原因没有提供项目设置文件！]
这个问题已经持续了很长时间，以至于我现在可能只是在自言自语，但是从记录上看，我现在面临的问题仍然是，为什么为什么staticstatic不能像我期望的那样运行，我的python manage.py collectstatic中的文件保存到AWS S3存储桶中？