PostgresSQL-如何在一个存储过程中插入主表和明细表?

时间:2018-10-12 05:30:22

标签: postgresql postgresql-9.5

所以我正在一个项目中,该项目需要我的查询在一个事务中插入一个主表及其明细表(将作为列表发送到数据库中),以便在有一个主表及其明细表时回滚插入功能失败。

假设我有这些表格:

CREATE TABLE transaction(
  id             BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
  user_id        BIGINT    FOREIGN KEY NOT NULL,
  total_item     INT                   NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  total_purchase BIGINT                NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
)

CREATE TABLE transaction_detail(
  id              BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
  transaction_id  BIGINT    FOREIGN KEY NOT NULL,
  product_id      BIGINT    FOREIGN KEY NOT NULL,
  product_price   INT                   NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  purchase_amount INT                   NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
)

我有这个功能:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION create_transaction(order JSONB, product_list JSONB)

功能参数:

  • order : An object which will be inserted into the transaction table
  • product_list : List of Product object which will be inserted into the transaction_detail table

我当前的查询看起来像这样:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION insert_order(tx JSONB, product_list JSONB)
    RETURNS BIGINT
AS $$
WITH result AS (
    INSERT INTO transaction(
        user_id,
        total_item,
        total_purchase,
    ) VALUES (
        (tx ->> 'user_id') :: BIGINT,
        (tx ->> 'total_item') :: INT,
        (tx ->> 'total_purchase') :: INT,
    )
    RETURNING id AS transaction_id 
)
FOR row IN product_list LOOP
    INSERT INTO transaction_detail(
        transaction_id,
        product_id,
        product_price,
        purchase_amount,
    ) VALUES (
        transaction_id,
        (row ->> 'product_id') :: BIGINT,
        (row ->> 'product_price') :: INT,
        (row ->> 'purchase_amount') :: INT,
    )
END LOOP;
$$ LANGUAGE SQL SECURITY DEFINER;

JSON文件:

  • tx.json

[ "user_id" : "1", "total_item" : "2", "total_purchase" : "2000", ]

  • product_list.json

[ { "product_id" : "1", "product_price" : "500", "purchase_amount" : "2" }, { "product_id" : "2", "product_price" : "1000", "purchase_amount" : "1" } ]

我知道我的查询出了点问题,尽管我对此没办法。 任何指针都将不胜感激。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

假设以product_list传递的数据是一个数组,则可以执行以下操作:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION insert_order(p_order JSONB, p_product_list JSONB)
    RETURNS BIGINT
AS $$
  WITH result AS (
      INSERT INTO "transaction"(
          user_id,
          total_item,
          total_purchase
      ) VALUES (
          (p_order ->> 'user_id') :: BIGINT,
          (p_order ->> 'total_item') :: INT,
          (p_order ->> 'total_purchase') :: INT
      )
      RETURNING id AS transaction_id 
  ), details as (
    INSERT INTO transaction_detail(
        transaction_id,
        product_id,
        product_price,
        purchase_amount
    ) 
    select r.transaction_id, 
           (pl.data ->> 'product_id')::bigint,
           (pl.data ->> 'product_price')::int,
           (pl.data ->> 'purchase_amount')::int
    from result r,
      jsonb_array_elements(p_product_list) as pl(data)
  )
  select transaction_id 
  from result;
$$ 
LANGUAGE SQL SECURITY DEFINER;

我重命名了参数,以避免名称与保留关键字冲突。通过为参数名称加上前缀,还可以避免名称与列或表名冲突。 order是保留关键字,仅在引用时才可以使用,例如"order"transaction是关键字,但不是保留关键字,但最好还是用引号引起来。

在交易详细信息中插入的内容需要是INSERT...SELECT中的result,以获取生成的交易ID,并取消嵌套产品列表JSON值中的数组元素。

CTE的最终选择将返回生成的交易ID。

您可以这样调用函数:

select insert_order('{"user_id": 42, "total_item": 1, "total_purchase": 100}'::jsonb, 
                    '[ {"product_id": 1, "product_price": 10, "purchase_amount": 1}, 
                       {"product_id": 2, "product_price": 20, "purchase_amount": 2}, 
                       {"product_id": 3, "product_price": 30, "purchase_amount": 3} ]'::jsonb);