Question

我是python的新手，现在我没有主意了。我要尝试的是：我有一个文件

示例：

254   578       name1      *--21->28--*      secname1
854   548       name2      *--21->28--*      secname2
944   785       name3      *--21->28--*      secname3
1025  654       name4      *--21->28--*      secname4

这些文件之间的

有很多空格，我不想为每一行删除“ name *”和“ secname *”之间的特定空格。我不知道该怎么做，如示例所示，删除字符/空格21-> 28

我到目前为止所得到的：

fobj_in = open("85488_66325_R85V54.txt")
fobj_out = open("85488_66325_R85V54.txt","w")

for line in fobj_in:



fobj_in.close()
fobj_out.close()

最后它应该看起来像：

254   578       name1            secname1
854   548       name2            secname2
944   785       name3            secname3
1025  654       name4            secname4

Answer 1

要按特定索引位置删除字符，您必须使用切片

for line in open('85488_66325_R85V54.txt'): 
    newline = line[:21] + line[29:]
    print(newline)

删除第21:28列中的字符（示例中的所有空格）

Answer 2

只需拆分行，然后弹出不需要的元素即可。

fobj_in = open('85488_66325_R85V54','r')
fobj_out = open('85488_66325_R85V54.txt', 'a')
for line in fobj_in:
     items = line.split()
     items.pop(3)
     fobj_out.write(' '.join(items)+'\n')
fobj_in.close()
fobj_out.close()

Answer 3

您可以仅使用字符串对象的split方法，如下所示：

f = open('my_file.txt', 'r')
data = f.readlines()
final_data = []
for line in data:
    bits = line.split()
    final_data.append([bits[0], bits[1], bits[2], bits[4]])

基本上，我只是在说明如何使用split方法将每一行分成单独的块，在这一点上，您可以执行所需的任何操作，例如打印所有这些位并有选择地丢弃其中一列

Answer 4

我可以建议一种可靠的方法来校正输入线。

#!/usr/bin/env ipython
# -----------------------------------
line='254   578       name1      *--21->28--*      secname1';
# -----------------------------------
def correctline(line,marker='*'):
    status=0;
    lineout='';
    for val in line:
        if val=='*': 
            status=abs(status-1);continue
        if status==0:
            lineout=lineout+val;
        elif status == 1:
            lineout=lineout
    # -----------------------------------
    while lineout.__contains__('  '):
        lineout=lineout.replace('  ',' ');
    return lineout
# ------------------------------------
print correctline(line)

基本上，它循环遍历输入文件的元素。当它找到要从其开始跳过文本的标记时，它会跳过它，最后只是用一个空格替换太多空格。

Answer 5

如果名称长短不一，并且您不想删除它们之间的一定数量的空格，则可以搜索空白字符以查找sname到name的结尾：

# open file in "read" mode
fobj_in = open("85488_66325_R85V54.txt", "r")

# use readlines to create a list, each member containing a line of 85488_66325_R85V54.txt 
lines = fobj_in.readlines()

# For each line search from the end backwards for the first " " char
# when this char is found create first_name which is a list containing the
# elements of line from here onwards and a second list which is the elements up to
# this point. Then search for a non " " char and remove the blank spaces.
# remaining_line and first_name can then be concatenated back together using
# + with the desired number of spaces between then (in this case 12).
for line_number, line in enumerate(lines):
    first_name_found = False
    new_line_created = False
    for i in range(len(line)):
        if(line[-i] is " " and first_name_found is False):
            first_name = line[-i+1:]
            remaining_line = line[:-i+1]
            first_name_found = True
            for j in range(len(remaining_line)):
                if(remaining_line[-j-1] is not " " and new_line_created == False):
                    new_line = remaining_line[0:-j]+ " "*12 + first_name
                    new_line_created = True
                    lines[line_number] = new_line

然后将lines写到85488_66325_R85V54.txt。

Answer 6

您可以尝试如下操作：

for line in fobj_in: setstring = line print(setstring.replace(" ", "")

删除每一行的特定列

6 个答案: