PHP-从数组获取多个列

时间:2018-10-08 16:18:40

标签: php arrays php-5.6

我有这个数组:

0 => array:3 [
    "product_id" => "1138"
    "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6500720--1.png"
    "product_sku" => "6500722"
  ]
1 => array:3 [
    "product_id" => "1144"
    "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6501041--1.png"
    "product_sku" => "6501046"
  ]
2 => array:3 [
    "product_id" => "113"
    "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6294909--1.png"
    "product_sku" => "6294915"
]

我正在寻找一种获取仅包含必需列的多数组的方法(array_column是不可行的,因为它只给我一列)。

我做了什么

function colsFromArray($array, $keys)
{
    return array_map(function ($el) use ($keys) {
        return array_map(function ($c) use ($el) {
            return $el[$c];
        }, $keys);
    }, $array);
}

$array = array(
    [
        "product_id"    => "1138",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6500720--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6500722"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "1144",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6501041--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6501046"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "113",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6294909--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6294915"
    ]
);
colsFromArray($array, array("product_id", "product_sku"));

//0 => array:3 [
//    "product_id" => "1138"
//    "product_sku" => "6500722"
//  ]
//1 => array:3 [
//    "product_id" => "1144"
//    "product_sku" => "6501046"
//  ]
//2 => array:3 [
//    "product_id" => "113"
//    "product_sku" => "6294915"
//]

问题在于它似乎太懒了,因为它对此进行了两次迭代。 没有此解决方法,有没有办法获取多列? PHP:5.6

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

我认为更大的问题是您丢失了钥匙

Original Code

array (
  0 => 
  array (
    0 => '1138',
    1 => '6500722',
  ),
  1 => 
  array (
    0 => '1144',
    1 => '6501046',
  ),
  2 => 
  array (
    0 => '113',
    1 => '6294915',
 );

您可以使用简单的foreach代替第二个array_map:

function colsFromArray(array $array, $keys)
{
    if (!is_array($keys)) $keys = [$keys];
    return array_map(function ($el) use ($keys) {
        $o = [];
        foreach($keys as $key){
            //  if(isset($el[$key]))$o[$key] = $el[$key]; //you can do it this way if you don't want to set a default for missing keys.
            $o[$key] = isset($el[$key])?$el[$key]:false;
        }
        return $o;
    }, $array);
}

输出

array (
  0 => 
  array (
    'product_id' => '1138',
    'product_sku' => '6500722',
  ),
  1 => 
  array (
    'product_id' => '1144',
    'product_sku' => '6501046',
  ),
  2 => 
  array (
    'product_id' => '113',
    'product_sku' => '6294915',
  ),
)

Sandbox

  

问题在于它似乎太懒了,因为它对此进行了两次迭代。

没有真正的方法可以不对其进行2次迭代,但是您也可能不想丢掉这些键。

那表示您可以递归地取消设置不需要的项目。

function colsFromArray(array &$array, $keys)
{
    if (!is_array($keys)) $keys = [$keys];
    foreach ($array as $key => &$value) {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            colsFromArray($value, $keys); //recursive
        }else if(!in_array($key, $keys)){
           unset($array[$key]); 
        }
    }
}

colsFromArray($array, array("product_id", "product_sku"));
var_export($array);

与以前相同的输出

通过引用更容易做到这一点。不管是否更快,您都必须测试2并查看。

Sandbox

最后一点,除非您键入将其强制转换为数组,否则您不应该假设该键将存在或该键将是一个数组。

您也可以使用数组过滤器

function colsFromArray(array $array, $keys)
{
    if (!is_array($keys)) $keys = [$keys];
    $filter = function($k) use ($keys){
       return in_array($k,$keys);
    };
    return array_map(function ($el) use ($keys,$filter) {
        return array_filter($el, $filter, ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY );
    }, $array);
}

声明循环外过滤函数(array_map)有一些小的性能好处。

Sandbox

答案 1 :(得分:2)

如果您需要数组中的两列,其中一列是SKU(通常是唯一的),则可以将array_column与第三个参数一起使用。

$new = array_column($arr, "product_id", "product_sku");

这将返回一个平面数组,其中SKU作为键,ID作为值,使该数组也易于使用。

输出:

array(3) {
  [6500722]=>
  string(4) "1138"
  [6501046]=>
  string(4) "1144"
  [6294915]=>
  string(3) "113"
}

https://3v4l.org/UDGiO

答案 2 :(得分:1)

如果我正确理解了您的问题,则可以尝试使用传统的foreach-可能会更快一些。

function colsFromArray($array, $filterKeys) {
    $newArr = [];
    foreach($array as $key => $val) {
       $element = [];
       foreach($filterKeys as $filterKey) {
          $element[$filterKey] = $val[$filterKey];
       }
       $newArr[] = $element;
    }
}

(未经测试)

  

问题在于它似乎太迟了,因为它对此进行了两次迭代

您的原始代码未在同一数组上重复两次。如果要有一个数组,其中每个元素是另一个元素数组,这些元素带有filterKeys数组中的键,则将无法遍历主数组,然后遍历filterKeys数组。

答案 3 :(得分:1)

如果您不想更改原始数组并想要所需的输出

使用array_insersect_key函数获得所需的输出,如下所示:

$array = array(
    [
        "product_id"    => "1138",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6500720--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6500722"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "1144",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6501041--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6501046"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "113",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6294909--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6294915"
    ]
);

$keys = array("product_id"=>1, "product_sku"=>2);

$filteredArray = array_map(function($a) use($keys){
    return array_intersect_key($a,$keys);
}, $array);

print_r($filteredArray);

答案 4 :(得分:1)

我将@Chayan的优雅方法重构为一个函数,以便可以像array_column()那样使用它。现在可以将要过滤的键显示为一个简单的数组。

这是最有可能也是最快的方法,因为它使用内置功能来完成大多数繁重的工作。

<?php

function array_columns(array $arr, array $keysSelect)
{    
    $keys = array_flip($keysSelect);
    $filteredArray = array_map(function($a) use($keys){
        return array_intersect_key($a,$keys);
    }, $arr);

    return $filteredArray;
}

$arr = array(
    [
        "product_id"    => "1138",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6500720--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6500722"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "1144",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6501041--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6501046"
    ],
    [
        "product_id"    => "113",
        "product_image" => "/resources/medias/shop/products/shop-6294909--1.png",
        "product_sku"   => "6294915"
    ]
);

$keysSelect = array("product_id" , "product_sku");
$filteredArray = array_colums($arr, $keysSelect);

var_dump($filteredArray);

答案 5 :(得分:0)

这是基于Chayan的重构函数,并添加了对选定列的重命名:


 /** Function - array_columns  Selects columns from multidimantional array and renames columns as required
 *
 * @param  array $arr, array $selectColRenameKeys 
 *            example: (NewName1->colNameneeded1,NewName2->colNameneeded2,ect...)
 * @return array
 * @access public
 * 
 */   

 private function array_columns( $arr,$selectColRenameKeys) {    
    $keys = array_flip($selectColRenameKeys);
    $filteredArray = array_map(function($a) use($keys){
                                  $data = array_intersect_key($a,$keys);
                                  $rename_arr= array();
                                  foreach ($data as $colname => $value){
                                    $r_arr[$keys[$colname]]= $value   ;
                                  }
                                  return $r_arr;
                               }, $arr);

    return $filteredArray;
}

答案 6 :(得分:0)

array_columns函数的附加功能最终可以追溯到Chayan的答案,这次是从Joseph Mangion的函数扩展而来。

我有时会在选定列的列表中列出一长串,我想在其中保留键,而不必在大量字段中遵循繁琐的['orignal_field_name'] => ['original_field_name']格式。

此版本默认情况下会保留每个字段的原始密钥,除非指定了新密钥。

// See answer from Joseph Mangion: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52706383/php-get-multiple-columns-from-array
/** Function - array_columns  Selects columns from multidimensional array and renames columns as required
*
* @param  array $in_array, array $select_columns_rename_keys
*   example of $select_columns_rename_keys:
*       ['new_column_name1' => 'original_column_name1', 'original_column_name2', 'original_column_name3', 'new_column_name4' => 'original_column_name4', ...]
*       This will use the original keys for columns 2 and 3 and rename columns 1 and 4
* @return array
* @access public
* 
*/   

public function array_columns($in_array, $select_columns_rename_keys) {
    foreach ($select_columns_rename_keys as $k => $v)
        if (is_int($k)) {
            $select_columns_rename_keys[$v] = $v;
            unset($select_columns_rename_keys[$k]);
        }
    $keys = array_flip($select_columns_rename_keys);
    $filtered_array =
        array_map(function($a) use($keys) {
        $data = array_intersect_key($a, $keys);
        $return_array = [];
        foreach ($data as $column_name => $value) $return_array[$keys[$column_name]] = $value;
        return $return_array;
    }, $in_array);

    return $filtered_array;
}