我是Tkinter的新手，正在尝试创建一个hangman应用。我已经创建了一个命令行版本，所以我认为这将是一个不错的入门项目。在学习时，我被告知要使用window.mainloop（）创建/更新，但是我的程序包含while循环，因此没有用。我根本无法在创建的文本框中输入内容，当我单击按钮时，它给我一个NameError，提示我的click（）方法中的textEntry未定义。任何其他地方的帮助或指导将不胜感激。谢谢！我的代码发布在下面
from tkinter import *
from random import choice
def click():
guess = textEntry.get()
return guess
def main():
input_file = open('hangman_word_list.txt','r')
word_list = input_file.read().split()
window = Tk()
window.title("Play Hangman!")
window.configure(background="black")
p1 = PhotoImage(file='h1.gif')
p2 = PhotoImage(file='h2.gif')
p3 = PhotoImage(file='h3.gif')
p4 = PhotoImage(file='h4.gif')
p5 = PhotoImage(file='h5.gif')
p6 = PhotoImage(file='h6.gif')
Label(window,image=p1,bg="purple").grid(row=0,column=0,columnspan=4)
word = choice(word_list)
correctList = list(word)
lettersLeft = len(word)
hiddenWord = ('*' * lettersLeft)
wrongGuessList = []
lives = 6
again = True
nowPhoto = p1
guess = 'empty'
while lettersLeft > 0 and again == True:
Label(window,text="Your word is "+hiddenWord ,bg="gray",fg="purple",font="none 12 bold").grid(row=1,column=0,sticky=W)
Label(window,text="Enter a letter: " ,bg="gray",fg="purple",font="none 12 bold").grid(row=2,column=0,sticky=W)
textEntry = Entry(window,width=5,bg="white")
textEntry.grid(row=2,column=1,sticky=W)
guess = Button(window,text="Guess",width=5,command=click).grid(row=3,column=2,sticky=W)
window.update()
main()
答案 0 :(得分：0)
首先，在使用tkinter模块时，不建议使用while循环，因为该窗口将在主线程上运行。从逻辑上讲，使用按钮时，可以使用if语句，以便在lettersLeft > 0 and again == True之前不会触发代码的特定部分。而且在函数中使用变量textEntry显然对Python不可用，因为没有声明。因此，您可以将变量作为参数传递，也可以声明全局变量。
这就是我的想法：
from tkinter import *
from random import choice
def get_wordlist():
return open("Hangman word list.txt", 'r').read().split("split by something here.")
class Hangman(Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master.title("Hangman")
self.master.configure(bg="black")
self.wordlist = get_wordlist()
self.p1 = PhotoImage(file="h1.gif")
self.word = choice(self.wordlist)
self.hidden_word = list("".join("_" for x in word))
self.wrong_guess = []
self.lives = 6
self.word_display = Label(window, text=str(*(hidden for hidden in hidden_word)), image=p1, bg="purple", fg="white")
self.word_display.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
Label(window, text="Enter a letter: ", bg="gray", fg="purple", font="none 12 bold").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)
self.entry = Entry(window, width=5, bg="white")
self.entry.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky="W")
self.guess = Button(window, text="Guess", command=lambda: button_action(self))
self.guess.grid()
self.again = False
def button_action(self):
user_input = self.entry.get()
if len(user_input) == len(word):
for i in range(len(word)):
if word[i] == user_input[i]:
self.hidden_word[i] = word[i]
if "_" not in self.hidden_word:
self.word_display.config(text="You won! The correct word was: " + self.word)
self.after(3000, self.quit())
else:
self.word_display.config(text="Guess not correct! " + str(*(hidden for hidden in hidden_word)))
self.lives -= 1
else:
self.word_display.config(text="Guess not correct! " + str(*(hidden for hidden in hidden_word)))
self.lives -= 1
if self.lives <= 0:
self.word_display.config(text="You lost! The correct word was: " + self.word)
self.master.after(3000, self.quit())
请注意两件事：
答案 1 :(得分：0)
mainloop()连续监听您定义的任何钩子，这意味着您不必担心。只需定义正确的钩子，就像button命令一样。
我介绍了一种更好的方法来处理图像，方法是将它们放在列表中，然后为每个请求的图像缩小列表。这样可以更轻松地更新图像。
然后将所有处理工作，例如检查click()函数中单词中是否包含等字母。
from tkinter import *
window = Tk()
# Make a list of all the pictures
pic_list = ['h6.gif','h5.gif','h4.gif','h3.gif','h2.gif','h1.gif']
img = PhotoImage(file=pic_list.pop()) # Get image from list of images
hangman = Label(window, image=img) # Save reference to the Label as
hangman.grid(row=0,column=0,columnspan=4) # you will update it later
# I simplified the word selection a bit
word = 'Wensleydale'
correctList = list(word)
lettersLeft = len(word)
hiddenWord = ('*' * lettersLeft)
wrongGuessList = []
guess = 'empty'
# Build the rest of the GUI
Label(window,text="Your word is " + hiddenWord, bg="gray", fg="purple",
font="none 12 bold").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W, columnspan=4)
Label(window,text="Enter a letter: ", bg="gray", fg="purple",
font="none 12 bold").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)
textEntry = Entry(window, width=10, bg="white")
textEntry.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=W, columnspan=3)
def click(): # Callback function
guess = textEntry.get()
# Put all other processing here.
# Updating the image
img = PhotoImage(file=pic_list.pop()) # Get next image from list
hangman.configure(image=img) # Replace image in label
hangman.image = img # Keep reference to the new image
# Create button and associate it with the command callback function
guess_button = Button(window, text="Guess", width=5,
command=click).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=W)
window.mainloop() # Will loop continously listening for buttonpress