我只是要警告您所有我的代码在这里和那里都包含少量法语和英语,因此,如果您不理解变量或其他内容,请提出并将其视为免费的法语课程哈哈。好的,所以我有一个项目,其中包括创建时间表供学校使用,我负责管理“时间”部分,即为老师开设课时和空隙。为了确保所有情况都能正常工作,我需要确保不能同时发生两个类。在我的函数“ rajoutcours”(法文为“ AddsClass”)中,我输入了几个参数:
在我的函数中,我创建了3个变量,分别是heure_start(另一个类开始的时间),heure_end(另一个类结束的时间),day和room(其他类发生的日期以及发生它们的房间) )。我使用字符串运算符“ +”属性填充这些变量,在该属性中,我将txt文件(其他类)中的行的每个字符转换为1个字母字符串,以便可以使用sstream库将它们加起来。奇怪的是,只有一个字符转换为字符串,而其他字符却没有,我真的不知道为什么。
无论如何我都知道很多,但是我已经试图找出几天了,但是我不知道问题出在哪里。谢谢大家的帮助。
void Utilisateur::rajout_cours(string matiere, string heure_deb, string heure_fin, string date, string salle )
{
ifstream user_in ("Cours.txt"); // txt file where classes are listed
ofstream user_out;
user_out.open("Cours.txt", ofstream::out | ofstream::app);
user_out; //write
string ligne; //line variable which reads the lines of the txt file
string heure_start; // time at which the class starts
string heure_end; // time at which the class ends
string day; // self explanatory
string room; // ie before
int i=0;
int j=0;
int cptr=0;
int a,b,c,d;
stringstream ss; // this is supposed to convert char into string
while (getline(user_in,ligne))
{
for(i=0;i<ligne.size();i++)
{
if(ligne.at(i)=='$' && cptr==0)
{
a=i;
cptr++;
cout << "Premier '$'" << endl; // Keep in mind that the '$' is the delimiter when i write on the txt file, it's also a way to know where I am.
for(j=0;j<a;j++)
{
char tmpc='\0';
string tmps;
tmpc=ligne.at(j);
ss << tmpc;
cout << "Lettre a la case " << j << " : "<< tmpc << endl; //I want to know what's the char in the j-th character of the word
ss >>tmps;
cout << "Lettre string a la case " << j << " : "<< tmps << endl; // I want to display it's string version
heure_start=heure_start+tmps;
}
}
else if(ligne.at(i)=='$' && cptr==1)
{
b=i;
cptr++;
cout << "Deuxieme '$'" << endl;
for(j=a+1;j<(b);j++)
{
char tmpc = '\0';
string tmps;
tmpc=ligne.at(j);
ss << tmpc;// conversion char en string
cout << "Lettre char a la case " << j << " : "<< tmpc << endl; //I want to know what's the char in the j-th character of the word
ss >>tmps;// conversion complète à priori
cout << "Lettre string a la case " << j << " : "<< tmps << endl; // I want to display it's string version
heure_end=heure_end+tmps;
}
}
else if(ligne.at(i)=='$' && cptr==2)
{
c=i;
cptr++;
cout << "3eme '$'" << endl;
for(j=b+1;j<(c);j++)
{
char tmpc='\0';
string tmps="";
tmpc=ligne.at(j);
ss << tmpc;
cout << "Lettre a la case " << j << " : "<< tmpc << endl; //I want to know what's the char in the j-th character of the word
ss >>tmps;
cout << "Lettre string a la case " << j << " : "<< tmps << endl; // I want to display it's string version
room=room+tmps;
}
}
else if(ligne.at(i)=='$' && cptr==3)
{
d=i;
cptr++;
cout << "4eme '$'" << endl;
for(j=c+1;j<(d);j++)
{
char tmpc='\0';
string tmps="";
tmpc=ligne.at(j);
ss << tmpc;
cout << "Lettre char a la case " << j << " : "<< tmpc << endl; //I want to know what's the char in the j-th character of the word
ss >>tmps;
cout << "Lettre string a la case " << j << " : "<< tmps << endl; // I want to display it's string version
day=day+tmps;
}
}
}
}
if(heure_deb==heure_start && heure_fin==heure_end && date==day && salle==room) // I make sure here that the class I'm writing isn't already written in the file and in that case we leave the program.
{
cout << "Impossible d'ajouter un cours ! Un cours de " << matiere <<"a deja lieu à ce moment! Changez d'horaires ou de salles. " << endl;
exit(1);
}
cout <<"ecris" << endl;
user_out << heure_deb << "$"<< heure_fin << "$" << salle << "$" << date << "$" << matiere << endl; // If not, write the new class.
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我已经提到过,只需使用resp将char
转换为std::string
非常简单。构造函数std::string::string(size_t count, char ch)
:
char c = 'A';
std::string str(1, c); // constructs a string str with one character
但是,当我第三次阅读问题后,我意识到它实际上应该按照OP尝试的方式工作。
所以,对我来说,实际的问题是:
为什么std::stringstream
不能重复用于交替的输出/输入?
过了一会儿,我想起了stringstream
中的“流”。
好吧,它可以–考虑以下事实:在将其填充输出(例如<<
)并将其清空以输入(例如>>
)之后,内部状态变为eof
,在下一次读取时将进入fail
状态。因此,(尽管我仍然建议使用上述简单方法),
std::stringstream
的状态(std::stringstream::clear()
很好。)std::stringstream
的本地实例(通过将字符串流的结构和输入/输出语句括在一对大括号{ }
中)一个小例子:
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
int main()
{
{ // "recycle" one instance of std::stringstream
std::stringstream sstr;
for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'C'; ++c) {
std::cout << "c: '" << c << "', ";
sstr << c;
std::string str;
sstr >> str;
std::cout << "str: '" << str << "', "
<< "sstr.good(): " << sstr.good() << ", "
<< "sstr.eof(): " << sstr.eof() << '\n';
sstr.clear();
}
}
{ // one instance per I/O
for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'C'; ++c) {
std::cout << "c: '" << c << "', ";
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << c;
std::string str;
sstr >> str;
std::cout << "str: '" << str << "'\n";
}
}
// done
return 0;
}
输出:
c: 'A', str: 'A', sstr.good(): 0, sstr.eof(): 1
c: 'B', str: 'B', sstr.good(): 0, sstr.eof(): 1
c: 'C', str: 'C', sstr.good(): 0, sstr.eof(): 1
c: 'A', str: 'A'
c: 'B', str: 'B'
c: 'C', str: 'C'
三思后,我意识到在这种特定情况下有必要清除eof
状态还有另一个原因:
char
std::string
(某种程度上更贪婪),并读取直到定界符或文件结束(并且总是后者发生)。检查了此内容
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
int main()
{
// "recycle" one instance of std::stringstream
std::stringstream sstr;
for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'C'; ++c) {
std::cout << "c: '" << c << "', ";
sstr << c;
char cIO;
if (sstr >> cIO) std::cout << "cIO: '" << cIO << "'\n";
else std::cout << "reading cIO failed\n";
}
// done
return 0;
}
输出:
c: 'A', cIO: 'A'
c: 'B', cIO: 'B'
c: 'C', cIO: 'C'
现在,它甚至在没有sstr.clear()
的情况下也可以工作,因为它从未尝试读取文件末尾(aka字符串流)。
提到operator>>(std::stringstream&, std::string)
的“贪婪”阅读时,我想到了另一个主意:
如果任务中的char
是分隔符怎么办?
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
int main()
{
char c = ' ';
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << c;
std::cout << "c: '" << c << "', ";
std::string str;
sstr >> str;
std::cout << "str: '" << str << "'\n";
std::cout
<< "sstr.good(): " << sstr.good() << '\n'
<< "sstr.eof(): " << sstr.eof() << '\n'
<< "sstr.fail(): " << sstr.fail() << '\n'
<< "sstr.bad(): " << sstr.bad() << '\n';
// done
return 0;
}
输出:
c: ' ', str: ''
sstr.good(): 0
sstr.eof(): 1
sstr.fail(): 1
sstr.bad(): 0
我必须承认(因为我从未尝试过使用char
将std::string
转换为std::stringstream
),我不知道std::stringstream
是一个糟糕的选择。