SQL Server-插入事务期间性能不佳

时间:2018-09-28 17:05:54

标签: sql-server tsql indexing insert sql-execution-plan

我有一个存储过程,该存储过程执行查询并将该行返回到如下所示的变量中:

SELECT @item_id = I.ID, @label_ID = SL.label_id,
FROM tb_A I 
LEFT JOIN tb_B SL ON I.ID = SL.item_id
WHERE I.NUMBER = @VAR

我有一个IF检查@label_ID是否为null。如果为null,则转到INSERT语句,否则转到UPDATE语句。让我们专注于INSERT,我知道我遇到了问题。 INSERT部分如下:

IF @label_ID IS NULL
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO tb_B (item_id, label_qrcode, label_barcode, data_leitura, data_inclusao)
    VALUES (@item_id, @label_qrcode, @label_barcode, @data_leitura, GETDATE())
END

因此,tb_B在ID列中有一个PK,在item_ID列中有一个FK,它引用了tb_A表中的列ID。

我运行SQL Server Profiler,发现有时此存储过程的持续时间约为2300毫秒,而正常平均时间为16毫秒。

我运行了“执行计划”,而最大的花费是在“聚集索引插入”组件中。显示如下:

Estimated Execution Plan

Actual Execution Plan

Details

有关表格的更多详细信息:

tb_A Storage:
Index space: 6.853,188 MB
Row count: 45988842
Data space: 5.444,297 MB

tb_B Storage:
Index space: 1.681,688 MB
Row count: 15552847
Data space: 1.663,281 MB

Statistics for INDEX 'PK_tb_B'.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name                            Updated                         Rows                            Rows Sampled                    Steps                           Density                         Average Key Length              String Index                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PK_tb_B                     Sep 23 2018  2:30AM             15369616                        15369616                        5                               1                               4                               NO                                                              15369616                        

All Density                     Average Length                  Columns                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.506343E-08                    4                               id               

Histogram Steps                 
RANGE_HI_KEY                    RANGE_ROWS                      EQ_ROWS                         DISTINCT_RANGE_ROWS             AVG_RANGE_ROWS                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1                               0                               1                               0                               1                               
8192841                         8192198                         1                               8192198                         1                               
8270245                         65535                           1                               65535                           1                               
15383143                        7111878                         1                               7111878                         1                               
15383144                        0                               1                               0                               1                               


Statistics for INDEX 'IDX_tb_B_ITEM_ID'.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name                            Updated                         Rows                            Rows Sampled                    Steps                           Density                         Average Key Length              String Index                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IDX_tb_B_ITEM_ID            Sep 23 2018  2:30AM             15369616                        15369616                        12                              1                               7.999424                        NO                                                              15369616                        

All Density                     Average Length                  Columns                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.50728E-08                     3.999424                        item_id                         
6.506343E-08                    7.999424                        item_id, id      

Histogram Steps                 
RANGE_HI_KEY                    RANGE_ROWS                      EQ_ROWS                         DISTINCT_RANGE_ROWS             AVG_RANGE_ROWS                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                0                               2214                            0                               1                               
16549857                        0                               1                               0                               1                               
29907650                        65734                           1                               65734                           1                               
32097131                        131071                          1                               131071                          1                               
32296132                        196607                          1                               196607                          1                               
32406913                        98303                           1                               98303                           1                               
40163331                        7700479                         1                               7700479                         1                               
40237216                        65535                           1                               65535                           1                               
47234636                        6946815                         1                               6946815                         1                               
47387143                        131071                          1                               131071                          1                               
47439431                        31776                           1                               31776                           1                               
47439440                        0                               1                               0                               1                               

PK_tb_B Index fragmentation

IDX_tb_B_Item_ID

是否有最佳实践可以应用并使该执行持续时间稳定?

希望您能帮助我!!! 预先感谢...

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:-1)

问题可能出在聚集索引的DbType上。聚集索引基于键值将数据存储在表中。默认情况下,您的主键是使用聚簇索引创建的。这通常是拥有它的最佳地点, 但不总是。例如,如果您在NVARCHAR列上具有聚集索引,则每次执行INSERT时,都需要找到正确的位置来插入新记录。例如,如果您的表有100万行,并且寄存器按字母顺序排列,并且新寄存器以A开头,则聚集索引需要将寄存器从B移到Z,以将新寄存器放入A组。如果您的新寄存器以Z开头,则移动的记录数会减少,但这并不意味着它也可以。如果没有可让您顺序插入新寄存器的列,则可以为此创建一个标识列,或者使另一个列在逻辑上与输入的任何交易在逻辑上都是顺序的,而与系统无关,例如,注册的datetime列插入时发生时间。

如果您需要更多信息,请选中此Microsoft documentation