Question

我正在尝试创建一个对话框，在其中定义多个瀑布步骤。在此对话框的上下文中，有时我需要根据用户的选择返回到上一个瀑布步骤。我找到了这种方法：

 await stepContext.ReplaceDialogAsync("Name of the dialog");

但是，此方法重新执行整个对话框，这不是我所需要的。

实际上，我创建的瀑布步骤是三个：

ChoiceCallStepAsync：第一步将列出用户的前10个呼叫，并带有显示较早步骤的选项
ShowCallStepAsync：第二步将显示用户选择的呼叫，或者如果用户单击“显示较早”，则返回第一步。
EndDialog：第三步将终止对话框

我的代码是：

public class ListAllCallsDialog : ComponentDialog
    {

        // Dialog IDs
        private const string ProfileDialog = "ListAllCallsDialog";



        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ListAllCallsDialog"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loggerFactory">The <see cref="ILoggerFactory"/> that enables logging and tracing.</param>
        public ListAllCallsDialog(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
            : base(nameof(ListAllCallsDialog))
        {
            // Add control flow dialogs
            var waterfallSteps = new WaterfallStep[]
            {
                   ListAllCallsDialogSteps.ChoiceCallStepAsync,
                   ListAllCallsDialogSteps.ShowCallStepAsync,
                   ListAllCallsDialogSteps.EndDialog,
            };
            AddDialog(new WaterfallDialog(ProfileDialog, waterfallSteps));
            AddDialog(new ChoicePrompt("cardPrompt"));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Contains the waterfall dialog steps for the main dialog.
        /// </summary>
        private static class ListAllCallsDialogSteps
        {
            static int callListDepth = 0;
            static List<string> Calls;
            public static async Task<DialogTurnResult> ChoiceCallStepAsync(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(
                   "Right now i'm in list all calls dialog",
                   cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
                GetAllCalls();
                return await stepContext.PromptAsync("cardPrompt", GenerateOptions(stepContext.Context.Activity, callListDepth), cancellationToken);
            }

            public static async Task<DialogTurnResult> ShowCallStepAsync(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                // Get the text from the activity to use to show the correct card
                var text = stepContext.Context.Activity.Text.ToLowerInvariant();
                if(text == "Show older")
                    //Go back to the first step
                else if(text == "Show earlier")
                    //Go back to the first step
                else
                    await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(
                   "The call you choose is : " + text.ToString(),
                   cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
                   return await stepContext.ContinueDialogAsync();

            }

            public static async Task<DialogTurnResult> EndDialog(WaterfallStepContext stepContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(
               "Getting back to the parent Dialog",
               cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
                return await stepContext.EndDialogAsync(null, cancellationToken);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Creates options for a <see cref="ChoicePrompt"/> so the user may select an option.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="activity">The message activity the bot received.</param>
            /// <returns>A <see cref="PromptOptions"/> to be used in a prompt.</returns>
            /// <remarks>Related type <see cref="Choice"/>.</remarks>
            private static PromptOptions GenerateOptions(Activity activity, int callListDepth)
            {
                // Create options for the prompt
                var options = new PromptOptions()
                {
                    Prompt = activity.CreateReply("Please choose a call from the list below"),
                    Choices = new List<Choice>(),
                };


                for(int i=10*callListDepth; i <= 10 * (callListDepth + 1); i++)
                {
                    if (Calls.ElementAtOrDefault(i) != null)
                      options.Choices.Add(new Choice() { Value = Calls[i] });

                }
                options.Choices.Add(new Choice() { Value = "Show older" });
                if(callListDepth!=0)
                    options.Choices.Add(new Choice() { Value = "Show earlier" });
                return options;
            }
            private static void GetAllCalls()
            {

                //List of all calls found
                for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
                  Calls.Add("Call" + i.ToString());
            }

        }

}

请问有人可以告诉我该怎么做吗？

Answer 1

我不确定这是否是正确且有效的方法，但是您可以在State函数中尝试使用context.ActiveDialog的{{1}}属性。

Task<DialogTurnResult>

Answer 2

瀑布对话框的设计并不是“倒退”来遍历它们，尽管我认为可能需要这样做。我发现的唯一解决方案是将瀑布分成较小的“微型”瀑布，然后将其嵌套到一个较大的瀑布中。

        // define and add waterfall dialogs (main)
        WaterfallStep[] welcomeDialogSteps = new WaterfallStep[]
        {
            MainDialogSteps.PresentMenuAsync,
            MainDialogSteps.ProcessInputAsync,
            MainDialogSteps.RepeatMenuAsync,
        };

然后在MainDialogSteps.ProcessInputAsync中：

        public static async Task<DialogTurnResult> ProcessInputAsync(
            WaterfallStepContext stepContext,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var choice = (FoundChoice)stepContext.Result;
            var dialogId = Lists.WelcomeOptions[choice.Index].DialogName;

            return await stepContext.BeginDialogAsync(dialogId, null, cancellationToken);
        }

这允许用户仍在主对话框堆栈内启动新对话框。我提供的选项之一是提示输入电话号码：

        WaterfallStep[] phoneChoiceDialogSteps = new WaterfallStep[]
        {
            PhoneChoicePromptSteps.PromptForPhoneAsync,
            PhoneChoicePromptSteps.ConfirmPhoneAsync,
            PhoneChoicePromptSteps.ProcessInputAsync,
        };

        Add(new WaterfallDialog(Dialogs.PhonePrompt, phoneChoiceDialogSteps));

最后，在PhoneChoicePromptSteps.ProcessInputAsync中，我允许从Confirm到ReplaceDialogAsync的选择中选择“否”，并有效地重置此较小的瀑布，而不会影响整个瀑布的其余部分：

 public static async Task<DialogTurnResult> ProcessInputAsync(
            WaterfallStepContext stepContext,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            if ((bool)stepContext.Result)
            {
                await stepContext.Context.SendActivityAsync(
                    $"Calling {stepContext.Values[Outputs.PhoneNumber]}",
                    cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
                return await stepContext.EndDialogAsync(null, cancellationToken);
            }
            else
            {
                return await stepContext.ReplaceDialogAsync(Dialogs.PhonePrompt, null, cancellationToken);
            } 
        }

Answer 3

您可以在方法“ ReplaceDialogAsync”中使用option参数，并通过方法“ NextAsync”跳过步骤。

例如在瀑布步骤中（在构造函数中定义）：

        AddDialog(new WaterfallDialog(nameof(WaterfallDialog), new WaterfallStep[]
        {
            IntroStepAsync,
            ActStepAsync,
            FinalStepAsync
        }));

        // The initial child Dialog to run.
        InitialDialogId = nameof(WaterfallDialog);

如果要从最后一步（FinalStepAsync）转到第二步（在我的情况下为ActStepAsync），当我要替换对话框时，可以使用在Dialog中创建的标签：

private const string FLAG = "MY_FLAG";

从最后一步调用方法时，我会这样做：

return await stepContext.ReplaceDialogAsync(InitialDialogId, FLAG, cancellationToken);

因此，如果上下文具有标记：

，那么我只需要在第一步中检查选项。

    // Use the text provided in FinalStepAsync or the default if it is the first time.
        var messageText = stepContext.Options?.ToString() ?? "welcome-message";
        if (messageText.Equals(FLAG_REPROMPT))
        {
            return await stepContext.NextAsync(null,cancellationToken);
        }

此您在第二步

Bot Framework v4.0如何在对话框中执行上一个瀑布步骤

3 个答案: