Question

我是Stack OverFlow的新手，所以如果我违反任何规则或错误地提出问题，请原谅我（我也很感谢有关如何在Stack Overflow上正确提出问题的建议）。

无论如何，我会收到此错误

*”“数据*”类型的参数与“数据”类型的参数不兼容。”

当我在int main（）中调用用户定义的函数weather时。如果有人可以看一下我的代码并引导我找出导致错误的原因，我将不胜感激。请注意，我目前正在学习编程基础知识入门课程，但还没有了解类和指针。

谢谢！

#include <iostream>
#include <string>


using namespace std;

const int SIZE = 2;

void weather(struct data array[], int SIZE, string months[]);

int main()
{
string months[12] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June"
                "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };


struct data {
    double totalRainfall;
    double highTemp;
    double lowTemp;
    double avgTemp;
};

data annualWeather[SIZE]; 

//Asks user for total rainfall, high and low temperature, and calculates
//avg temperature of each month
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
    cout << "What was the total rainfall in " << months[i]
        << "?" << endl;
    cin >> annualWeather[i].totalRainfall;

    //Prompts user for temperature high
    do
    {
        cout << "What was the temperature high in " << months[i]
            << "?" << endl;
        cin >> annualWeather[i].highTemp;

    } while (annualWeather[i].highTemp > 140);

    //Prompts user for temperature low
    do
    {
        cout << "What was the temperature low in " << months[i]
            << "?" << endl;
        cin >> annualWeather[i].lowTemp;
    } while (annualWeather[i].lowTemp < -100);

    annualWeather[i].avgTemp = (annualWeather[i].highTemp + annualWeather[i].lowTemp) / 2;
}

**weather(annualWeather, SIZE, months); <--THIS IS WHERE I SEE ERROR**

return 0;
}

void weather(struct data array[], int SIZE, string months[])
{
double avgRainFall = 0;
double totalAnnualRainFall = 0;
double annualHigh = 0;
double annualLow = 0;
double avgMonthlyTemp = 0;

//Calculates sum annual rain fall, total annual rain fall, and total average monthly temperature
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
    avgRainFall += annualWeather[i].totalRainfall;
    totalAnnualRainFall += annualWeather[i].totalRainfall;
    avgMonthlyTemp += annualWeather[i].avgTemp;
}

//Calculates average annual rain fall and average annual monthly temperature
avgRainFall = avgRainFall / SIZE;
avgMonthlyTemp = avgMonthlyTemp / SIZE;

//Selection Sort of annualWeather[].highTemp
for (int index = 0; index < SIZE - 1; index++)
{
    //Find location of smallest element
    int smallestIndex = index;
    for (int location = index + 1; location < SIZE; location++)
        if (annualWeather[location].highTemp < annualWeather[smallestIndex].highTemp)
            smallestIndex = location;
    //Swap smallest element of annualWeather[].highTemp to front
    int tempSales = annualWeather[smallestIndex].highTemp;
    annualWeather[smallestIndex].highTemp = annualWeather[index].highTemp;
    annualWeather[index].highTemp = tempSales;

    //Swap smallest element of months[] to front
    string tempMonths = months[smallestIndex];
    months[smallestIndex] = months[index];
    months[index] = tempMonths;

}

//Displays average monthly rainfall, total annual rainfall, annual high, annual low,
//And average of the monthly temperature averages
cout << "The average monthly rainfall is " << avgRainFall << "." << endl
     << "The total rainfall for the year is " << totalAnnualRainFall << "."
     << endl << "The high temperature of the year is " << annualHigh << " during "
     << months[0] << endl << "The low temperature of the year is " << annualLow << " during "
     << months[2] << endl << "The average temperature of all the monthly averages is "
     << avgMonthlyTemp << ".";

cin.get(); cin.get();
}

Answer 1

您的struct data函数中声明的main与struct data函数原型中使用的weather有所不同。

将struct data的定义从main移到全局名称空间，然后再使用它来声明weather。

Answer 2

请首先在全局空间中指定您的个人数据类型。您的问题不在发送数组以起作用。功能内的问题您使用名称数组将数组发送给他们，然后在内部尝试通过main从名称访问它们。只需重命名功能参数即可。

void weather(Data array[], int SIZE, string months[])
{
    double avgRainFall = 0;
    double totalAnnualRainFall = 0;
    double annualHigh = 0;
    double annualLow = 0;
    double avgMonthlyTemp = 0;

    //Calculates sum annual rain fall, total annual rain fall, and total average monthly temperature
    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
    {
        avgRainFall += array[i].totalRainfall;
        totalAnnualRainFall += array[i].totalRainfall;
        avgMonthlyTemp += array[i].avgTemp;
    }

    //Calculates average annual rain fall and average annual monthly temperature
    avgRainFall = avgRainFall / SIZE;
    avgMonthlyTemp = avgMonthlyTemp / SIZE;

    //Selection Sort of annualWeather[].highTemp
    for (int index = 0; index < SIZE - 1; index++)
    {
        //Find location of smallest element
        int smallestIndex = index;
        for (int location = index + 1; location < SIZE; location++)
            if (array[location].highTemp < array[smallestIndex].highTemp)
                smallestIndex = location;
        //Swap smallest element of annualWeather[].highTemp to front
        int tempSales = array[smallestIndex].highTemp;
        array[smallestIndex].highTemp = array[index].highTemp;
        array[index].highTemp = tempSales;

        //Swap smallest element of months[] to front
        string tempMonths = months[smallestIndex];
        months[smallestIndex] = months[index];
        months[index] = tempMonths;

    }

    //Displays average monthly rainfall, total annual rainfall, annual high, annual low,
    //And average of the monthly temperature averages
    cout << "The average monthly rainfall is " << avgRainFall << "." << endl
        << "The total rainfall for the year is " << totalAnnualRainFall << "."
        << endl << "The high temperature of the year is " << annualHigh << " during "
        << months[0] << endl << "The low temperature of the year is " << annualLow << " during "
        << months[2] << endl << "The average temperature of all the monthly averages is "
        << avgMonthlyTemp << ".";

    cin.get(); cin.get();
}

C ++-将结构类型的数组传递给用户定义的函数

2 个答案: