我正在尝试学习Moq，并进行单元测试，并且遇到一个错误，在尝试使用Moq时我不明白。
下面的代码几乎是从https://github.com/Moq/moq4/wiki/Quickstart复制粘贴而成的。我之所以使用它，是因为该错误也发生在我正在从事的主要项目中，我只想限制和我因新奇而引起的潜在错误。
System.Runtime已下载，已被引用。
编辑：我也尝试过4.0.0版，但错误仍然存在。
using System;
using NUnit.Framework;
using Proje.Controllers;
using Proje.Models;
using Proje.DAL;
using Moq;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Runtime;
namespace Proje.UnitTests.Controllers
{
[TestFixture]
public class BaseControllerTests
{
public interface IFoo
{
Bar Bar { get; set; }
string Name { get; set; }
int Value { get; set; }
bool DoSomething(string value);
bool DoSomething(int number, string value);
string DoSomethingStringy(string value);
bool TryParse(string value, out string outputValue);
bool Submit(ref Bar bar);
int GetCount();
bool Add(int value);
}
public class Bar
{
public virtual Baz Baz { get; set; }
public virtual bool Submit() { return false; }
}
public class Baz
{
public virtual string Name { get; set; }
}
[Test]
public void TestTest() {
var mock = new Mock<IFoo>();
mock.Setup(foo => foo.DoSomething("ping")).Returns(true);
//Assert some stuff
}
FileNotFoundException：无法加载文件或程序集 'System.Runtime，版本= 4.1.2.0，区域性=中性， PublicKeyToken = b03f5f7f11d50a3a'或其依赖项之一。的 系统找不到指定的文件。
FileNotFoundException：无法加载文件或程序集 'System.Runtime，版本= 4.0.0.0，区域性=中性， PublicKeyToken = b03f5f7f11d50a3a'或其依赖项之一。的 系统找不到指定的文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Castle.Core" version="4.3.1" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="EntityFramework" version="6.2.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.2.6" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.2.6" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" version="3.2.6" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="Moq" version="4.9.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="MSTest.TestAdapter" version="1.3.2" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="MSTest.TestFramework" version="1.3.2" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="NUnit" version="3.10.1" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="NUnit3TestAdapter" version="3.10.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="System.Runtime" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="System.Threading.Tasks.Extensions" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net471" />
<package id="System.ValueTuple" version="4.4.0" targetFramework="net471" />
</packages>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
</configSections>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Reflection" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime.Extensions" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Text.RegularExpressions" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.1.0" newVersion="4.1.1.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Linq" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.1.0" newVersion="4.1.1.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.AspNet.TelemetryCorrelation" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.0.4.0" newVersion="1.0.4.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="DocumentFormat.OpenXml" publicKeyToken="8fb06cb64d019a17" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-2.8.1.0" newVersion="2.8.1.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.IO.Compression" publicKeyToken="b77a5c561934e089" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" publicKeyToken="cc7b13ffcd2ddd51" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.3.0" newVersion="4.0.3.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.6.5135.21930" newVersion="1.6.5135.21930" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Antlr3.Runtime" publicKeyToken="eb42632606e9261f" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.5.0.2" newVersion="3.5.0.2" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-11.0.0.0" newVersion="11.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Owin" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Owin.Security" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.0.0" newVersion="4.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
<entityFramework>
<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
<parameters>
<parameter value="mssqllocaldb" />
</parameters>
</defaultConnectionFactory>
<providers>
<provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
</providers>
</entityFramework>
</configuration>
编辑：登录
*** Assembly Binder Log Entry (9/20/2018 @ 7:49:44 PM) ***
The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.
Assembly manager loaded from: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable C:\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\MICROSOFT VISUAL STUDIO\2017\COMMUNITY\COMMON7\IDE\EXTENSIONS\TESTPLATFORM\testhost.x86.exe
--- A detailed error log follows.
=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = System.Runtime, Version=4.1.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL
(Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Users/NAME/source/repos/Proj/Proj.UnitTests/bin/Debug/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = Tests_16537946
Calling assembly : (Unknown).
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Users\NAME\source\repos\Proj\Proj.UnitTests\bin\Debug\Proj.UnitTests.dll.config
LOG: Using host configuration file:
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Redirect found in application configuration file: 4.1.2.0 redirected to 4.1.2.0.
LOG: ProcessorArchitecture is locked to MSIL.
LOG: Post-policy reference: System.Runtime, Version=4.1.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL
LOG: GAC Lookup was unsuccessful.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/NAME/source/repos/Proj/Proj.UnitTests/bin/Debug/System.Runtime.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/NAME/source/repos/Proj/Proj.UnitTests/bin/Debug/System.Runtime/System.Runtime.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/NAME/source/repos/Proj/Proj.UnitTests/bin/Debug/System.Runtime.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/NAME/source/repos/Proj/Proj.UnitTests/bin/Debug/System.Runtime/System.Runtime.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.
答案 0 :(得分：2)
因此，正如我们在使用fuslogvw进行调查时与 @ loveforfire33 一起发现的那样，问题出在版本控制中。
Packages.config使用的版本4.3.0
<package id="System.Runtime" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net471" />
但是，app.config中的绑定重定向已配置为版本4.1.2.0
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.2.0" newVersion="4.1.2.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
更改绑定重定向将上限版本和新版本重定向到4.3.0解决了该问题。