我正在尝试使用CMake将GTests纳入我的项目中。我遵循了这个instruction,但出现以下错误:
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"SomeClass::someMethod()", referenced from:
someMethod_TrivialTest_Test::TestBody() in SomeClassTest.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
这是我的CMake文件:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11)
project (someProject)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
#Include headers
include_directories("../include")
#Add source files
file(GLOB SOURCES "src/*.cpp")
add_executable(someProject ${SOURCES})
################################
# GTest
################################
# Download and unpack googletest at configure time
configure_file(CMakeLists.txt.in googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt)
execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" .
RESULT_VARIABLE result
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
if(result)
message(FATAL_ERROR "CMake step for googletest failed: ${result}")
endif()
execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build .
RESULT_VARIABLE result
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
if(result)
message(FATAL_ERROR "Build step for googletest failed: ${result}")
endif()
# Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker
# settings on Windows
set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
# Add googletest directly to our build. This defines
# the gtest and gtest_main targets.
add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src
${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build
EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
# The gtest/gtest_main targets carry header search path
# dependencies automatically when using CMake 2.8.11 or
# later. Otherwise we have to add them here ourselves.
if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.8.11)
include_directories("${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
endif()
# Add test cpp file
add_executable( someTests ./test/SomeClassTest.cpp)
# Link test executable against gtest & gtest_main
target_link_libraries(someTests gtest gtest_main)
add_test( someTests someTests )
我的项目结构(CMakeLists.txt.in用于下载GTest库,该库是从上述instruction添加的):
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── CMakeLists.txt.in
├── include
│ └──SomeClass.hpp
├── src
│ ├── Main.cpp
│ └── SomeClass.cpp
└── tests
└── SomeClassTest.cpp
如果我手动创建和链接对象,它将起作用。
g++ -c ./src/SomeClass.cpp
g++ -c ./test/SomeClassTest.cpp
g++ SomeClassTest.o SomeClass.o ./build/googletest-build/googlemock/gtest/CMakeFiles/gtest.dir/src/gtest-all.cc.o -o myTests
测试类的对象似乎在那里:
./build/CMakeFiles/someTests.dir/test/SomeClassTest.cpp.o
但是someProject对象的目录为空:
./build/CMakeFiles/someProject.dir/src/
因此,我在CMake文件中缺少某些内容,并且未正确链接。到目前为止,我能找到的所有答案都与指定target_link_libraries有关,但是我不确定这是否是问题所在。我是CMake和链接问题的新手。非常感谢您的任何建议!
答案 0 :(得分:1)
到目前为止,我能找到的所有答案都与指定target_link_libraries有关,但我不确定这是否是问题所在。
您在这个假设上走对了。
当前,您要告诉CMake,有一个可执行文件是从某些来源构建的,而一个测试是从某些其他来源构建的,并与gtest链接。 CMake并不知道可执行文件和您的测试有任何关系!
我看到两种可能的解决方案:
将可执行文件的源(具有主要功能的源除外)作为测试的源。
从可执行文件(带有主要功能的源文件除外)构建所有源,并将其链接到该库。
我更喜欢后一种,大致来说-
add_library(someProgram_lib ${SOURCES})
add_executable(someProgram src/main.cc)
target_link_libraries(someProgram someProgram_lib)
add_executable(someTests ./test/SomeClassTest.cpp)
target_link_libraries(someTests gtest gtest_main someProgram_lib)