我对python还是很陌生，所以请多多包涵。我正在用python练习类和对象，所以我开始了这个银行帐户类。银行帐户有两种类型：个人或企业。商业帐户从个人那里继承了一些行为，但是我还没有完全结束。
这里的问题是，每当我存入一定金额（例如50）时，字典都不会将值更新为相应的键（帐户持有人的姓名），我希望该值会更新每当有人提取或存入帐户时-例如：初始余额= 50存款= 50，dict将名称和余额更新为初始余额+存款
import sys
import self
#print a menu so user can pick
def menu():
print("Welcome to Wells Fargo!")
print("Lets get started!")
print("1. Open Individual Account \n"
"2. Open Business Account \n"
"3. Check Individual Account \n"
"4. Check Business Account \n"
"5. Exit")
#if user doesnt type number or 1,2,3 , throw error
try:
choice = int(input("Please enter your choice here: "))
except ValueError:
print("Oops! Looks like you didnt type something correct, please try again!")
if choice == 1:
print("Creating Individual account...")
#create object representing account info
#set name method
individual.set_name(self)
#set balance method
individual.set_balance(self)
#call menu
menu()
elif choice == 2:
print("Creating Business account...")
#create object representing account
name = str(input("Enter your name here: "))
start_balance = int(input("Enter the balance you want to start with: "))
save = int(input("Enter how much you want to deposit in your savings account: "))
#add object to list
bacc = Business(name, start_balance, save)
#call menu
menu()
elif choice == 3:
print("Loading Individual Accounts..")
#call check individual accounts method
individual.check_accounts()
elif choice == 4:
print("Loading Business Accounts...")
#call check business accounts method
Business.check_accounts()
elif choice == 5:
#exit the program
print("Thank you for using wells fargo, have a nice day!")
sys.exit(0)
#ask user if ready
def prompt_user():
try:
ready = int(input("Are you ready to open/access a account?1=Yes,2=No"))
except ValueError:
print("Oops! You did not type something right, please retry!")
else:
menu()
#individual bank account class
class individual:
#initialize defaults (name, balance, &ilst)
def __init__(self, balance=0, transaction=0,name=''):
self.balance = balance
self.transaction = transaction
self.name = name
self.idict = {}
#get the name of the account owner
def set_name(self):
self.name = str(input("Enter the name of the account owner here: "))
#add name to dictionary
idict[self.name] = 0
#get balance user wants to start with
def set_balance(self):
self.balance = int(input("Enter how much money you want to deposit into your account: "))
#if amount is less than 25, throw error
if self.balance < 25:
print("ERROR! Low Amount, must be greater than or equal to 25")
#else add it to the dictionary
else:
idict[self.name] = self.balance
global idict
idict = {
"John Adams": 5000,
"Josh Adkins": 4000
}
#return object as a string , is this needed??
def __str__(self):
return str(self.name)
#add money & calculate
def __add__(self,other):
balance = self.balance + other.balance
transaction = self.transaction + other.transaction
return balance + transaction
#subtract money & calculate
def __sub__(self, other):
balance = self.balance + other.balance
transaction = self.transaction + other.transaction
return balance - transaction
#return individual(self.name, self.balance)
#return user balance
def __int__(self):
#search for user name
for x,y in idict.items():
if self.name in idict:
print("fetching account balance...")
print(int(self.balance))
break;
else:
print("ERROR! Looks like you arent registered in our system!")
individual.imenu()
#individual account menu
def imenu():
#1. balance, 2. transactions(add, subtract) 3. close acc 4. exit
print("1. Get Account Balance \n"
"2. Deposit $$ \n"
"3. Withdraw $$ \n"
"4. Close Account \n"
"5. Exit")
choice2 = int(input("Enter your choice here: "))
if choice2 == 1:
individual.__int__(self)
elif choice2 == 2:
add_money = int(input("Enter the amount here: "))
sum1 = individual(self.balance, 0)
sum2 = individual(self.balance, add_money)
idict[self.name] = sum1.__add__(sum2)
print("Money added!")
individual.imenu()
elif choice2 == 3:
sub_money = int(input("Enter the amount here: "))
individual.__sub__(self, sub_money)
elif choice2 == 4:
individual.close_account(self)
elif choice2 == 5:
print("Goodbye!")
sys.exit(0)
#loop thru indiv acc(s)
def check_accounts():
#have user type in their name and check if they have an open account
enter_name = str(input("Enter your name here: "))
for key,value in idict.items():
#check if name is in list
if enter_name in idict:
print("Your account was found! Proceeding...")
individual.imenu()
else:
print("Looks like you dont have an individual account, please create one!")
#close individual account
def close_account(self):
print("Type in your name to proceed with account deletion: ")
try:
#have user type in their name
type_name = str(input("Type it here: "))
except ValueError:
#if user types anything other than name, throw error
print("Looks like you typed something incorrect! Please retry!")
#search business account dict ,
for x,y in idict.items():
#if the name is in the, dict remove it
if type_name in idict:
del[type_name]
#if the name is not in the dict, redirect to menu
else:
print("Looks like you dont have an account! Please create one!")
menu()
#call methods
prompt_user()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
首先，您使用self设置您的个人帐户。在Python中，术语self与其他语言中的this类似，指的是您正在使用的类的实例。因此，应该使用individual.set_name(self)而不是使用individual.set_name()。
对于您的特定问题，它源于此方法：
def set_balance(self):
self.balance = int(input("Enter how much money you want to deposit into your account: "))
#if amount is less than 25, throw error
if self.balance < 25:
print("ERROR! Low Amount, must be greater than or equal to 25")
#else add it to the dictionary
else:
idict[self.name] = self.balance\
您只能设置余额，而不考虑其中的余额。相反，您应该尝试这样做：
new_balance = int(input("Enter how much money you want to deposit into your account: "))
if (self.name in idict):
idict[self.name] += new_balance
else:
idict[self.name] = new_balance
这将把选定的金额添加到其中，或者添加到字典中。
顺便说一句，您应该避免在类方法中要求输入，因为这是糟糕的体系结构。而是给您的set_balance方法另一个名为amount的参数，并使用它代替您的输入。
我也建议不要重载__add__和__sub__，除非您对有意义的数学运算进行类比。在您的情况下，添加两个银行帐户以获得第三个帐户真的没有任何意义，所以这可能不是一个好主意。
然后是您的individual班。您如何将实例变量和全局变量混合在一起很奇怪。您的班级有name和balance之类的东西，我希望它们属于银行帐户类，然后是idict，其中包含所有帐户的全局映射。
我建议将此代码提交给代码审查委员会，因为其中存在很多问题，我认为您将从对代码的更详尽的批评中受益。