在Diesel中关联三个表(多对多关系)的标准模式是什么?

时间:2018-09-11 15:35:30

标签: rust rust-diesel

数据库-Postgres

我有以下关系:

users <—>> users_organizations <<—> organizations

模式:

table! {
    organizations (id) {
        id -> Int4,
        name -> Varchar,
    }
}

table! {
    users (id) {
        id -> Int4,
        name -> Varchar,
        email -> Varchar,
        password -> Varchar,
    }
}

table! {
    users_organizations (id, user_id, organization_id) {
        id -> Int4,
        user_id -> Int4,
        organization_id -> Int4,
    }
}

型号:

#[derive(Identifiable, Queryable, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct Organization {
    pub id: i32,
    pub name: String,
}


#[derive(Identifiable, Queryable, PartialEq, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct User {
    pub id: i32,
    pub name: String,
    pub email: String,
    pub password: String,
}


#[derive(Identifiable, Queryable, Debug, Associations, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[belongs_to(User)]
#[belongs_to(Organization)]
#[table_name = "users_organizations"]
pub struct UserOrganization {
    pub id: i32,
    pub user_id: i32,
    pub organization_id: i32,
}

我想创建一个组织。为了支持这种关系,我必须手动将用户和组织的ID添加到users_organizations表中。有没有更好的方法来实现这种关系?

let new_organization = NewOrganization { name: &msg.name };
let organization = insert_into(organizations::table)
    .values(&new_organization)
    .get_result::(conn)
    .map_err(|_| error::ErrorInternalServerError(“Error creating organization”))?;

let new_user_org = NewUserOrganizationIDs {
    user_id: msg.user_id,
    organization_id: organization.id,
};

insert_into(users_organizations::table)
    .values(&new_user_org)
    .get_result::<UserOrganization>(conn)
    .map_err(|_| error::ErrorInternalServerError("Error creating user-organization data"))

这里有同样的问题。在选择所有与用户(反之亦然)相关的组织的情况下,我想到了以下代码:

let user = users::table.filter(users::id.eq(&msg.user_id))
        .get_result::<User>(conn)
        .map_err(|_| error::ErrorNotFound("User doesn't exist"))?;

let user_organizations = UserOrganization::belonging_to(&user)
    .get_results::<UserOrganization>(conn)
    .map_err(|_| error::ErrorNotFound("User doesn't have any organization"))?;

let mut organization_ids = vec![];
for user_org in &user_organizations {
    organization_ids.push(user_org.organization_id);    
}

organizations::table.filter(organizations::id.eq_any(organization_ids))
    .get_results::<Organization>(conn)
    .map_err(|_| error::ErrorNotFound("Organizations don't exist"))

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

此答案来自@SRugina和@weiznich(针对该问题进行编辑和修改)的the Diesel chat

如何与Diesel建立多对多关系?

我通常将belonging_tojoin结合起来,所以像这样:

UserOrganization::belonging_to(&organizations)
    .inner_join(user::table)

是否有类似于belonging_to_many的东西?

否,belonging_to_many不存在,因为Diesel不会尝试向您隐藏数据库。这样做会在您要处理复杂或非标准的事情时引起问题。根据您的实际用例,也可以选择将所有三个表都连接起来。

在这种情况下如何使用inner_join

您有三个表:usersorganizationsuser_organizations,并且您想要获取特定用户的所有组织。

有两种变体。第一个变体仅是一个查询,但如果要对所有用户执行此操作,则可能与所需的数据布局不匹配:

users::table
    .inner_join(user_organizations::table.inner_join(organizations::table))
    .filter(users::id.eq(user_id))
    .select(organizations::all_columns)
    .load::<Organization>(conn)?;

第二个变体允许使用内置的关联API将每个用户的结果分组:

let user = users::table
    .find(user_id)
    .first::<User>(conn)?;

UserOrganization::belonging_to(&user)
    .inner_join(organizations::table)
    .select(organizations::all_columns)
    .load::<Organization>(conn)?;

插入需要三个单独的插入。我们不会试图隐藏它,因为最后由用户选择如何在插入失败的情况下处理数据一致性。使用交易是一种常见的选择。