我有一个处理accept(2)
调用的循环。我希望能够将SIGINT
发送到程序时进行一些清理。我的第一个想法是使用signal
函数。
void signal_handler(int signal) {
printf("Caught signal\n");
}
int main() {
signal(SIGINT, &signal_handler);
// ...
int accept_fd = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
if (accept_fd == -1) {
close(sock);
perror("accept");
return 1;
}
// ...
}
但是,这只是打印“捕获的信号”,然后程序继续运行。
如果我将main
修改为使用sigaction
,该程序将按预期运行。
int main() {
struct sigaction sa;
sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
sa.sa_flags = 0;
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
// ...
int accept_fd = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
if (accept_fd == -1) {
close(sock);
perror("accept");
return 1;
}
// ...
}
发送SIGINT时,我得到Caught Signal
,然后是accept: Interrupted system call
。在accept(2)
错误
...
EINTR系统调用被有效连接到达之前捕获的信号中断;参见signal(7)。
我知道sigaction
更现代,应该在signal
上使用它,但是我很好奇为什么它提供了功能上的这种差异。
下面,我为每种情况提供了一个完整的可用示例程序。
#include <netdb.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 32
void signal_handler(int signal) {
printf("Caught signal\n");
}
int main() {
signal(SIGINT, &signal_handler);
struct addrinfo hints;
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
struct addrinfo *addr_info;
int info_result = getaddrinfo("localhost", "8080", &hints, &addr_info);
if (info_result != 0) {
printf("Getting address failed\n");
return 1;
}
int sock = socket(addr_info->ai_family, addr_info->ai_socktype, addr_info->ai_protocol);
if (sock == -1) {
printf("Socket Failed\n");
return 1;
}
int bind_result = bind(sock, addr_info->ai_addr, addr_info->ai_addrlen);
if (bind_result == -1) {
close(sock);
printf("Bind Failed\n");
return 1;
}
int listen_result = listen(sock, 8);
if (listen_result == -1) {
close(sock);
printf("Listen Failed\n");
return 1;
}
printf("Waiting...\n");
int accept_fd = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
if (accept_fd == -1) {
close(sock);
perror("accept");
return 1;
}
printf("Got fd %d\n", accept_fd);
char *buffer = malloc(BUFFER_SIZE * sizeof(char));
int n;
while ((n = read(accept_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0) {
printf("%.*s\n", n, buffer);
}
close(sock);
}
#include <netdb.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 32
void signal_handler(int signal) {
printf("Caught signal\n");
}
int main() {
struct sigaction sa;
sa.sa_handler = &signal_handler;
sa.sa_flags = 0;
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
struct addrinfo hints;
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
struct addrinfo *addr_info;
int info_result = getaddrinfo("localhost", "8080", &hints, &addr_info);
if (info_result != 0) {
printf("Getting address failed\n");
return 1;
}
int sock = socket(addr_info->ai_family, addr_info->ai_socktype, addr_info->ai_protocol);
if (sock == -1) {
printf("Socket Failed\n");
return 1;
}
int bind_result = bind(sock, addr_info->ai_addr, addr_info->ai_addrlen);
if (bind_result == -1) {
close(sock);
printf("Bind Failed\n");
return 1;
}
int listen_result = listen(sock, 8);
if (listen_result == -1) {
close(sock);
printf("Listen Failed\n");
return 1;
}
printf("Waiting...\n");
int accept_fd = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
if (accept_fd == -1) {
close(sock);
perror("accept");
return 1;
}
printf("Got fd %d\n", accept_fd);
char *buffer = malloc(BUFFER_SIZE * sizeof(char));
int n;
while ((n = read(accept_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0) {
printf("%.*s\n", n, buffer);
}
close(sock);
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
在BSD和Linux上,signal()
等效于sigaction()
,其中sa_flags
设置为SA_RESTART
。如果您在sigaction()
代码中设置了该标志,则其行为与signal()
代码相同。如果那不是您想要的,则只能使用sigaction()
。
Linux man page中的注释(也适用于BSD和OS X):
在BSD上, 调用信号处理程序时,不会处理信号 重置,信号的其他实例被阻止 处理程序正在执行时传递。此外,某些 如果被系统中断,阻塞的系统调用会自动重新启动 信号处理程序(请参见signal(7))。 BSD语义等同于 调用带有以下标志的sigaction(2):
sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;