我想使用AWK，但似乎没有正确记录第一张唱片。我希望任何人都可以帮助完成它。
我有这个文件，每条记录是3行，但有时它有4行（所以有$ 3和$ 4）。我的目标是打印每条记录的所有三行，如果有第四行，我还要打印前两行和第四行（不包含第三行）。
我的策略是使用字符串（“ Sequence：”）作为RS，并在FS中使用新行（“ \ n”）。
我的文件如下：
Sequence: X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: X92273_IGHV4-31*09_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: Z14235_IGHV4-31*10_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..438_299nt_1_____299+0=299___ from: 1 to: 299
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
通过以下代码，我得到了一条混乱的第一条记录，因为该字符串也位于文件的开头。
awk '{ RS="Sequence: "; FS="\n" }
{
if ($4 != "" )
print $1,"\n",$2,"\n",$3,"\n",$1,"\n",$2,"\n",$4
else
print $1,"\n",$2,"\n",$3 ;
}' short.txt > test
输出：
Sequence:
X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__
from:
Sequence:
X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__
1
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
X92273_IGHV4-31*09_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Z14235_IGHV4-31*10_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..438_299nt_1_____299+0=299___ from: 1 to: 299
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
所以我想我应该从输入文件中删除第一个“ Sequence：”字符串，但这给出了：
X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__
from:
1
X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__
from:
to:
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
X92273_IGHV4-31*09_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Z14235_IGHV4-31*10_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..438_299nt_1_____299+0=299___ from: 1 to: 299
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
因此，第一条记录又被弄乱了。有解决这个问题的方法吗？我的预期输出是最后一个输出（带或不带字符串“ Sequence：”），但第一个记录正确。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
听起来这是您要执行的操作：
$ cat tst.awk
/^Sequence/ { if (NR>1) prt() }
{ rec[++cnt] = $0 }
END { prt() }
function prt() {
print rec[1] ORS rec[2] ORS rec[3]
if (cnt == 4) {
print rec[1] ORS rec[2] ORS rec[4]
}
cnt=0
}
$ awk -f tst.awk file
Sequence: X92272_IGHV4-31*08_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: X92273_IGHV4-31*09_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..429_290nt_1_____290+0=290_partialin3'__ from: 1 to: 290
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: Z14235_IGHV4-31*10_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_140..438_299nt_1_____299+0=299___ from: 1 to: 299
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
184 192 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
Sequence: AB019439_IGHV4-34*01_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_59657..59949_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
Sequence: M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
150 158 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aatcaatca
Sequence: M99684_IGHV4-34*02_Homosapiens_F_V-REGION_311..603_293nt_1_____293+0=293___ from: 1 to: 293
Start End Strand Pattern Mismatch Sequence
178 186 + pattern:AA[CT]NNN[AT]CN . aacccgtcc
尝试为此使用RS只会使您的生活更艰难，并且所生成的代码不可移植（仅适用于gawk）
答案 1 :(得分：1)
您的代码可以轻松地固定为：
BEGIN{ RS="Sequence: "; FS="\n" }
(NR==1){next}
{
if ($4 != "" )
print $1,"\n",$2,"\n",$3,"\n",$1,"\n",$2,"\n",$4
else
print $1,"\n",$2,"\n",$3 ;
}
第一个记录为空，这就是为什么用next跳过它的原因。
您的第一条记录有问题的原因是您在读取第一条记录后定义了RS和FS（即不在执行任何操作之前的BEGIN块中）完全）
但是，请确保您真正想要的是RS="(^|\n)Sequence: "，这只是为了确保它始于行或文件的开头。