Question

此代码将打印所需的完美数字（此处为4）。这是我的旧代码，会检查每个数字是否完美。它可以正常运行，并在6秒钟内完成，但是如果我在检查每个数字之前输入cls，它将受到很大的打击（大约100秒）。请告诉我背后的理论（为什么多个分类会影响性能）。

没有标准答案，例如“ Dude显然受到了打击，每次都在刷新屏幕。”

PS-我知道更好的方法不是检查完美数字而是生成它们。（根据Euclid-Euler定理）

IDE- DevC ++

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int choice, quan, i, a[50], number;
string schoice;

void startgame()
{
    choice = 3;
    quan = 4;
    system("cls");
    cout << "Hey guys, today we are gonna print different types of numbers\n";
    cout << "\nFollowing are some of the special numbers found in the known observable little universe of ours:- \n";
    cout << "\n1. Prime numbers\n2. Square numbers\n3. Perfect Numbers\n\n";
    cout << "Which ones do you wanna see?\n";
    //cin >> choice;
    cout << "\nCool! How many of them do you wanna see?\n";
    //cin >> quan;
}
void perfect()
{
    if (choice == 3)
    {
        int j = 0, y = 0, f = 0, number = 2;
        do
        {
            //This is the cls in question
            //system("cls");
            cout << "The number under inspection: " << number << "\n";
            f = 0;
            for (i = (number - 1); i >= 1; i--)
            {
                if (number % i == 0)
                {
                    f = f + i;
                }
            }

            if (f == number)
            {
                //cout<<number<<", ";
                a[j] = number;
                j = j + 1;
                y = y + 1;
            }
            number++;
        }
        while (y < quan);
        system("cls");
        cout << "\nHere are your " << quan << " perfect numbers starting from 1:-\n";
        j = 1;
        for (i = 0; i < quan; i++)
        {
            cout << a[i];
            if (j != quan)
            {
                cout << ", ";
            }
            j++;
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    do
    {
        startgame();
        perfect();
        cout << "\n\nReturn to Main menu?(Y/N)\n";
        schoice = "N";
        //cin >> schoice;
    }
    while (schoice == "Y");
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

运行system（“ cls”）时，您将创建一个新进程，并且每次选择新编号进行检查时都将执行此操作。创建流程是一项昂贵的操作，更重要的是，如果您想要的只是更新屏幕上的当前编号，则不需要它。足够写

cout << "The number under inspection: " << number << "\r";

cout.flush();

第一行将输出文本，并将光标返回到同一行的开头。第二行将确保上述所有内容确实出现在显示屏上。注意：这也是缓慢的操作，因此您可能需要对其进行速率限制。我建议您每1000个左右输出1个数字。

Answer 2

Windows CreateProcess（）非常昂贵，比Unix fork（）要昂贵得多。此外，system（“ cls”）是一种效率低下，不可移植的hack。您不能在非Windows系统中使用它。您可以使用支持控制台操作的ncurses库。

对于Windows，通过控制台API：

void clear() {
    COORD topLeft  = { 0, 0 };
    HANDLE console = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO screen;
    DWORD written;

    GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console, &screen);
    FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(
        console, ' ', screen.dwSize.X * screen.dwSize.Y, topLeft, &written
    );
    FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
        console, FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
        screen.dwSize.X * screen.dwSize.Y, topLeft, &written
    );
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(console, topLeft);
}

CLS表现出色

2 个答案: