Heroku构建错误：为数据库适配器指定了“ sqlite3”，但未加载gem

时间：2018-09-03 10:32:58

标签： ruby-on-rails heroku rubygems

我要做什么

我正在使用Rails构建一个应用程序，并向heroku master部署一个非master分支来测试生产中的应用程序。在我不知道自己在Heroku上正在做什么之前，我不想与master搞混，因此我部署了功能分支。

应用can be found here的存储库（如果需要引用）。

对 gemfile 进行任何更改后，我运行：

bundle update
bundle install
git add .
git commit
git push heroku 0007/heroku:master

最后一个命令记录在here中，用于将非master分支推送到herokus master。通常这样做是因为您不想与主人打交道。我前段时间也问过这个问题。The question how to set non-master up for heroku can be found here。

我调整了 database.yml 以使其与Postgresql和sqlite3的Heroku要求保持一致。

default: &default
  adapter: sqlite3
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  timeout: 5000

development:
  <<: *default
  database: db/development.sqlite3

test:
  <<: *default
  database: db/test.sqlite3

production:
  <<: *default
  database: db/production.sqlite3

我的gemfile也很简单：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

git_source(:github) do |repo_name|
  repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/")
  "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
end

ruby '2.4.1'

# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3', group: :development # Added development group.
gem 'pg', group: :production # Added postgres and made it production only.
gem 'rails_12factor'

# Specifying an exact Ruby version
ruby '2.4.1'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.1.4'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.7'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Step-by-step debugging and stack navigation in Pry
  gem 'pry-byebug', platform: :ruby
  # Pry is a powerful alternative to the standard IRB shell for Ruby
  gem 'pry-rails'
  # Pretty print your Ruby objects with style -- in full color and with proper indentation
  gem 'awesome_print'
  # Add a comment summarizing the current schema to the top or bottom of each of your ActiveRecord models, Specs, factory_girl factories...
  gem 'annotate'
  # Annotate guard runs the annotate gem when needed
  gem 'guard-annotate', '~> 2.3'
  # Use for fighting the N+1 problem in Ruby
  gem 'bullet'
  # Speedup RSpec + Cucumber by running parallel on multiple CPU cores
  gem 'parallel_tests'
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug', platforms: [:mri, :mingw, :x64_mingw]
  # Adds support for Capybara system testing and selenium driver
  gem 'capybara', '~> 2.13'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
end

group :development do
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
  gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
  # bundler-audit provides patch-level verification for Bundled apps
  gem 'bundler-audit', '~> 0.6.0', require: false
  # Bundler guard allows to automatically & intelligently install/update bundle when needed.
  gem 'guard-bundler', '~> 2.1', require: false
  # compare licenses against a user-defined whitelist, and give you an actionable exception report
  gem 'license_finder', '~> 3.0', '>= 3.0.1', require: false
  # Brakeman is an open source static analysis tool which checks Rails applications for security vulnerabilities.
  gem 'brakeman', require: false
  # Better Errors replaces the standard Rails error page with a much better and more useful error page
  gem 'better_errors'
  # necessary to use Better Errors' advanced features
  gem 'binding_of_caller', platforms: :ruby
  # RuboCop configuration which has the same code style checking as official Ruby on Rails
  gem 'rubocop', '~> 0.51.0', require: false
  gem 'guard-rubocop', require: false
  # i18n-tasks helps you find and manage missing and unused translations
  gem 'i18n-tasks', require: false
  # IYE makes it easy to translate your Rails I18N files and keeps them up to date
  gem 'iye', require: false
  # Image Uploader Carrierwave for all kinds of Picture related jobs
  gem 'carrierwave', '~> 1.0'



end

group :test do
  # Guard is a command line tool to easily handle events on file system modifications
  gem 'guard'
  gem 'guard-minitest'
  # This gem brings back assigns to your controller tests as well as assert_template
  gem 'rails-controller-testing'
  # To get the default Rails tests to show red and green at the appropriate times
  gem 'minitest-reporters'
  # Strategies for cleaning databases in Ruby. Can be used to ensure a clean state for testing.
  gem 'database_cleaner'
  # Code coverage for Ruby
  gem 'simplecov', require: false
  # Collection of testing matchers extracted from Shoulda
  gem 'shoulda-matchers'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

问题

在本地测试我的应用程序后，我决定将其推送到Heroku，但是我无法解决依赖冲突。

可疑错误：

  

为数据库适配器指定了“ sqlite3”，但未加载gem。   将gem 'sqlite3'添加到您的Gemfile

我知道许多帖子都记录了此问题。我梳理了一下，找到了我错过的地方，但徒劳无功。

这些是我在此问题上发现的帖子：

他们基本上都说，要注意，您将postgresql设置为生产版本，将sqlite3设置为开发数据库，​​或者一开始就使用postgres设置项目。

据我所知，这已经涵盖了。

我将我的gemfile设置为使用pg作为生产数据库，并使用sqlite3作为开发数据库，​​如here和here所述。

我的gemfile似乎没有任何sqlite的生产部门。

 [57] → gem dependency -R sqlite
Gem sqlite3-1.3.13
  hoe (~> 3.15, development)
  hoe-bundler (~> 1.0, development)
  mini_portile (~> 0.6.2, development)
  minitest (~> 5.9, development)
  rake-compiler (~> 0.9.3, development)
  rake-compiler-dock (~> 0.5.2, development)
  rdoc (~> 4.0, development)
  Used by
    awesome_print-1.8.0 (sqlite3 (>= 0, development))
    database_cleaner-1.7.0 (sqlite3 (>= 0, development))
    rails-controller-testing-1.0.2 (sqlite3 (>= 0, development))
    sass-rails-5.0.7 (sqlite3 (>= 0, development))

尝试运行$ heroku run rake db:migrate时问题开始显现。

这是heroku产生的线索： 

 [159] → heroku logs --tail
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276401+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:130:in `tap'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276425+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:130:in `perform'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276472+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/thor-0.20.0/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276495+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/thor-0.20.0/lib/thor.rb:387:in `dispatch'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276518+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/command/base.rb:63:in `perform'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276542+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/command.rb:44:in `invoke'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276567+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276591+00:00 app[web.1]: from bin/rails:9:in `require'
2018-09-03T03:00:29.276615+00:00 app[web.1]: from bin/rails:9:in `<main>'
2018-09-03T08:35:36.524552+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to starting
2018-09-03T08:35:39.232773+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bin/rails server -p 52942 -e production`
2018-09-03T08:35:42.729326+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656882+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting Puma
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656898+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 5.1.6 application starting in production
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656899+00:00 app[web.1]: => Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656900+00:00 app[web.1]: Exiting
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656943+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:188:in `rescue in spec': Specified 'sqlite3' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'sqlite3'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord). (Gem::LoadError)
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656967+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:185:in `spec'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656977+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:880:in `establish_connection'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656980+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:58:in `establish_connection'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656982+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:124:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.656983+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `instance_eval'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657020+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `block in execute_hook'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657023+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:60:in `with_execution_control'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657024+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:65:in `execute_hook'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657027+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:50:in `block in run_load_hooks'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657038+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in `each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657065+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:49:in `run_load_hooks'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657068+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/base.rb:326:in `<module:ActiveRecord>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657070+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.1.6/lib/active_record/base.rb:25:in `<top (required)>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657073+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657083+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `block in require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657086+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in `load_dependency'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657110+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657113+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/app/models/application_record.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657123+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657128+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `block in require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657152+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:258:in `load_dependency'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657153+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:292:in `require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657154+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:379:in `block in require_or_load'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657178+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:36:in `block in load_interlock'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657181+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies/interlock.rb:12:in `block in loading'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657184+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/concurrency/share_lock.rb:149:in `exclusive'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657186+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies/interlock.rb:11:in `loading'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657212+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:36:in `load_interlock'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657213+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:357:in `require_or_load'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657216+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:335:in `depend_on'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657220+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/activesupport-5.1.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require_dependency'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657224+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:476:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657226+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:475:in `each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657230+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:475:in `block in eager_load!'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657232+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:473:in `each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657234+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:473:in `eager_load!'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657238+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:354:in `eager_load!'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657240+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:67:in `each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657241+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:67:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657243+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657247+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657249+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:59:in `block in run_initializers'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657250+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657252+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657254+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657257+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657259+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657260+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657261+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657262+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657264+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657266+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:58:in `run_initializers'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657267+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/application.rb:353:in `initialize!'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657268+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657270+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:3:in `require_relative'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657273+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657274+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657275+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657278+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:in `new'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657279+00:00 app[web.1]: from config.ru:in `<main>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657280+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657283+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657284+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657287+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/server.rb:319:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657288+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/server.rb:219:in `app'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657290+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:24:in `app'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657291+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/server.rb:354:in `wrapped_app'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657294+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/rack-2.0.5/lib/rack/server.rb:283:in `start'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657295+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:44:in `start'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657301+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:135:in `block in perform'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657302+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:130:in `tap'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657305+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands/server/server_command.rb:130:in `perform'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657306+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/thor-0.20.0/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657307+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/thor-0.20.0/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657308+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/thor-0.20.0/lib/thor.rb:387:in `dispatch'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657311+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/command/base.rb:63:in `perform'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657312+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/command.rb:44:in `invoke'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657313+00:00 app[web.1]: from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/railties-5.1.6/lib/rails/commands.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657316+00:00 app[web.1]: from bin/rails:9:in `require'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.657318+00:00 app[web.1]: from bin/rails:9:in `<main>'
2018-09-03T08:35:42.704940+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2018-09-03T09:52:58.423149+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=attendion.herokuapp.com request_id=fc40234e-28c4-4007-a780-1731f87512d4 fwd="87.144.250.234" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https
2018-09-03T09:52:59.224100+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/favicon.ico" host=attendion.herokuapp.com request_id=786316ef-6db5-48b9-9590-5467827cf791 fwd="87.144.250.234" dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

SQLite不适用于Heroku，因为它基于磁盘，并且Heroku使用临时文件系统。

  

SQLite在内存中运行，并将其数据存储备份到磁盘上的文件中。   尽管此策略对开发非常有效，但Heroku的Cedar堆栈   具有临时文件系统。您可以写，也可以读   从中删除，但内容将定期清除。如果你要   在Heroku上使用SQLite，至少会丢失整个数据库   每24小时一次。

     

即使Heroku的磁盘持久运行SQLite也不会   非常适合由于SQLite不能作为服务运行，因此每个dyno都会   运行一个单独的运行副本。每个副本都需要自己的磁盘   支持的商店。这意味着为您的应用程序提供动力的每个dyno   由于磁盘未同步，因此具有不同的数据集。

     

-Heroku Devcenter: SQLite on Heroku

Heroku提供了Postgres作为Rails的免费默认数据库，它尽可能接近建议。

如果要部署到Postgres，则还应该在Postgres上进行开发/测试。

  

支持服务之间的差异意味着极小的不兼容性   突然出现，导致代码在开发中起作用并通过了测试，或者   停产失败。这些类型的错误会产生摩擦   不利于持续部署。这种摩擦的代价   并且随后对连续部署的抑制作用非常大   在应用程序的整个生命周期中综合考虑时很高。
  -https://12factor.net/dev-prod-parity

如果您真的想使用SQLite，则需要正确配置适配器：

default: &default
  adapter: sqlite3
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  timeout: 5000

development:
  <<: *default
  database: db/development.sqlite3

test:
  <<: *default
  database: db/test.sqlite3

production:
  <<: *default
  adapter: postgresql
  # nothing else is needed
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