以下是我的@logged()
装饰制造商。大致是这样的:
logger
实例和一个disabled
标志。disabled
是False
,则会在修饰功能之前/之后输出一些日志。disabled
为True
,则它不输出任何内容,并且不显示装饰功能的logger
。 logger
和disabled
参数都有其默认值。但是,当我想使用默认值时,仍然需要写空括号,如下所示:
@logged()
def foo():
pass
当我只想要默认参数时,有什么方法可以消除这些空括号?这是我想要的示例:
@logged
def foo():
pass
@logged(disabled=True)
def bar():
pass
@logged()
装饰器制造商的代码:
import logging
import logging.config
from functools import wraps
def logged(logger=logging.getLogger('default'), disabled=False):
'''
Create a configured decorator that controls logging output of a function
:param logger: the logger to send output to
:param disabled: True if the logger should be disabled, False otherwise
'''
def logged_decorator(foo):
'''
Decorate a function and surround its call with enter/leave logs
Produce logging output of the form:
> enter foo
...
> leave foo (returned value)
'''
@wraps(foo)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
was_disabled = logger.disabled
# If the logger was not already disabled by something else, see if
# it should be disabled by us. Important effect: if foo uses the
# same logger, then any inner logging will be disabled as well.
if not was_disabled:
logger.disabled = disabled
logger.debug(f'enter {foo.__qualname__}')
result = foo(*args, **kwargs)
logger.debug(f'leave {foo.__qualname__} ({result})')
# Restore previous logger state:
logger.disabled = was_disabled
return result
return wrapper
return logged_decorator
logging.config.dictConfig({
'version': 1,
'formatters': {
'verbose': {
'format': '%(asctime)22s %(levelname)7s %(module)10s %(process)6d %(thread)15d %(message)s'
}
, 'simple': {
'format': '%(levelname)s %(message)s'
}
}
, 'handlers': {
'console': {
'level': 'DEBUG'
, 'class': 'logging.StreamHandler'
, 'formatter': 'verbose'
}
},
'loggers': {
'default': {
'handlers': ['console']
, 'level': 'DEBUG',
}
}
})
@logged()
def foo():
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
foo()
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您可以在装饰器主体内使用if-else:
def logged(func=None, *, disabled=False, logger=logging.default()):
def logged_decorator(func):
# stuff
def wrapper(*args_, **kwargs):
# stuff
result = func(*args_, **kwargs)
# stuff
return result
return wrapper
if func:
return logged_decorator(func)
else:
return logged_decorator
(func=None, *, logger=..., disabled=False)
有一个星号arg,表示最后2个参数为仅关键字的参数,因为func旁边的其他任何参数都被解压缩到*
中,在这种情况下,该标识符没有标识符,因此实际上是'丢失'。这意味着您通常在使用装饰器时必须 使用关键字参数:
@logged(
disabled=True,
logged=logging.logger # ...
)
def foo(): pass
或者...
@logged
def bar(): pass
答案 1 :(得分:1)
或使用部分(在Python食谱中找到的解决方案:9.6)
from functools import wraps, partial
def foo(func=None, *, a=None, b=None):
if func is None:
return partial(foo, a=a, b=b)
@wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
return func(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper