Question

我刚刚安装了ubunutu 18.04，并且成功安装了R版本3.5.1。我在安装R软件包（例如plotly）时遇到问题。似乎curl和httr包不可用。完整的错误消息：

> install.packages("plotly")
Installing package into ‘/home/lualeperez/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘curl’, ‘openssl’, ‘httr’

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/curl_3.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 367047 bytes (358 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 358 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/openssl_1.0.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1194883 bytes (1.1 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.1 MB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/httr_1.3.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 147593 bytes (144 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 144 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/plotly_4.8.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1860673 bytes (1.8 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.8 MB

* installing *source* package ‘curl’ ...
** package ‘curl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lcurl
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libcurl was not found. Try installing:
 * deb: libcurl4-openssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
 * rpm: libcurl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
 * csw: libcurl_dev (Solaris)
If libcurl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libcurl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘curl’
* removing ‘/home/lualeperez/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/curl’
* installing *source* package ‘openssl’ ...
** package ‘openssl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
 * deb: libssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
 * rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
 * csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
 * brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
If openssl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a openssl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘openssl’
* removing ‘/home/lualeperez/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/openssl’
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘openssl’ are not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/home/lualeperez/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/httr’
ERROR: dependency ‘httr’ is not available for package ‘plotly’
* removing ‘/home/lualeperez/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/plotly’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/RtmpNTZBPJ/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In install.packages("plotly") :
  installation of package ‘curl’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages("plotly") :
  installation of package ‘openssl’ had non-zero exit status
3: In install.packages("plotly") :
  installation of package ‘httr’ had non-zero exit status
4: In install.packages("plotly") :
  installation of package ‘plotly’ had non-zero exit status

我试图通过安装libcurl4来解决问题

sudo apt-get install libcurl4

但是系统随后删除了所有基于r的依赖项。

我还没有尝试使用httr软件包解决问题。

有人对如何解决此问题有任何暗示吗？

Answer 1

您正在尝试从源代码进行编译。有时候，这就是所谓的 build依赖项。您会丢失它们，而忽略了（有点清楚的）错误消息，因为您被多次安装淹没了。

第一个提示，所以一次包装一个。

第二个技巧：认识到其中许多（如果不是全部）在Ubuntu内可用。所以就做

sudo apt install r-cran-curl

安装例如 curl。其他人也一样。

第三条技巧：Michael的PPA中有超过3000个用于Ubuntu的CRAN软件包。阅读顶部 this README，然后转到this PPA（前提是您希望获得3.5）。

Answer 2

只是遇到了同样的问题，这是我找到的解决方案：

由于仅安装libcurl4-openssl-dev会删除我所做的所有r-base软件包

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev r-base

然后是

R -q -e "install.packages(c('curl'))"

它奏效了。

仅需注意的是它会升级您的R版本，但是如果您已经在使用最新版本，那么它就不是问题。

curl包不适用于多个R包

2 个答案: