如何在JavaScript中构建循环?
答案 0 :(得分:26)
For循环
for (i = startValue; i <= endValue; i++) {
// Before the loop: i is set to startValue
// After each iteration of the loop: i++ is executed
// The loop continues as long as i <= endValue is true
}
For ... in loops
for (i in things) {
// If things is an array, i will usually contain the array keys *not advised*
// If things is an object, i will contain the member names
// Either way, access values using: things[i]
}
使用for...in
循环来迭代数组是不好的做法。它违反了ECMA 262标准,并且当将非标准属性或方法添加到Array对象时会导致问题,例如:由Prototype。
(感谢Chase Seibert在评论中指出这一点)
while循环
while (myCondition) {
// The loop will continue until myCondition is false
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
以下是for循环的示例:
我们有一系列项目节点。
for(var i = 0; i< nodes.length; i++){
var node = nodes[i];
alert(node);
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
答案 3 :(得分:0)
除了构建内置循环(while() ...
,do ... while()
,for() ...
)之外,还有一个自调用函数的结构,也称为递归创建一个没有三个内置循环结构的循环。
请考虑以下事项:
// set the initial value
var loopCounter = 3;
// the body of the loop
function loop() {
// this is only to show something, done in the loop
document.write(loopCounter + '<br>');
// decrease the loopCounter, to prevent running forever
loopCounter--;
// test loopCounter and if truthy call loop() again
loopCounter && loop();
}
// invoke the loop
loop();
毋庸置疑,这个结构通常与返回值结合使用,所以这是一个小例子,如何处理第一次没有的值,但是在递归结束时:
function f(n) {
// return values for 3 to 1
// n -n ~-n !~-n +!~-n return
// conv int neg bitnot not number
// 3 -3 2 false 0 3 * f(2)
// 2 -2 1 false 0 2 * f(1)
// 1 -1 0 true 1 1
// so it takes a positive integer and do some conversion like changed sign, apply
// bitwise not, do logical not and cast it to number. if this value is then
// truthy, then return the value. if not, then return the product of the given
// value and the return value of the call with the decreased number
return +!~-n || n * f(n - 1);
}
document.write(f(7));
答案 4 :(得分:-1)
JavaScript中的循环如下所示:
for (var = startvalue; var <= endvalue; var = var + increment) {
// code to be executed
}