我正在尝试在d3.js中创建一个力导向图，其中的箭头指向大小不一的节点。我遇到了这个示例here，但是为了我的生命，我无法适应我的代码来添加箭头。我不确定是否需要在tick函数中添加其他内容，或者是否我引用的东西不正确。有人可以帮我吗？
Codepen-https://codepen.io/quirkules/pen/dqXRwj
var links_data = [{"source":"ABS","target":"ABS","count":8},{"source":"ABS","target":"ATS","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"CR","count":8},{"source":"ABS","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"INT","count":16},{"source":"ABS","target":"ITS","count":9},{"source":"ABS","target":"PDG","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"ABS","target":"PRAC","count":3},{"source":"AC","target":"AC","count":1},{"source":"AC","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"AC","target":"ITS","count":1},{"source":"ACDC","target":"ACDC","count":1},{"source":"ACDC","target":"CR","count":2},{"source":"ACDC","target":"ITS","count":13},{"source":"ACDC","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"APL","target":"APL","count":8},{"source":"APL","target":"CR","count":3},{"source":"APL","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"ITS","count":29},{"source":"APL","target":"LA","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"PEG","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"PER","count":3},{"source":"AST","target":"AST","count":17},{"source":"AST","target":"COP","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"DBT","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"DEVOPS","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"IGN","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"INT","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"ITS","count":32},{"source":"AST","target":"PDG","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"PER","count":8},{"source":"ATS","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"ATS","count":21},{"source":"ATS","target":"DBT","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"INT","count":3},{"source":"ATS","target":"PDG","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"PEG","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"APL","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"CAR","count":9},{"source":"CAR","target":"COP","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"CAR","target":"ITS","count":8},{"source":"IGN","target":"CR","count":4},{"source":"IGN","target":"IGN","count":13},{"source":"IGN","target":"INT","count":5},{"source":"IGN","target":"ITS","count":13},{"source":"IGN","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"IGN","target":"PRAC","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"AC","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"ITS","count":37},{"source":"LA","target":"LA","count":18},{"source":"LA","target":"PER","count":2},{"source":"LOT","target":"LOT","count":18},{"source":"PDG","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"AST","count":4},{"source":"PDG","target":"ATS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"CAR","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"CR","count":8},{"source":"PDG","target":"ICS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"IGN","count":3},{"source":"PDG","target":"INT","count":18},{"source":"PDG","target":"ITS","count":6},{"source":"PDG","target":"NRB","count":4},{"source":"PDG","target":"ONT","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"PDG","count":24},{"source":"PDG","target":"PER","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"CAR","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"INFRA","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"ITS","count":22},{"source":"PEG","target":"LA","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"PEG","count":51},{"source":"PEG","target":"PER","count":6},{"source":"RPT","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"APL","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"IGN","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"RPT","target":"ITS","count":2},{"source":"RPT","target":"RPT","count":11},{"source":"RPT","target":"RTR","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"ITS","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"PER","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"RWWA","count":1},{"source":"SCOR","target":"SCOR","count":5},{"source":"SPK","target":"INT","count":4},{"source":"SPK","target":"ITS","count":4},{"source":"SPK","target":"SPK","count":21},{"source":"TS","target":"CS","count":1},{"source":"TS","target":"TS","count":10}];
var nodes_data = [{"name":"ABS","total":11},{"name":"ATS","total":23},{"name":"CR","total":25},{"name":"ENV","total":3},{"name":"INT","total":78},{"name":"ITS","total":177},{"name":"PDG","total":28},{"name":"PER","total":33},{"name":"PRAC","total":4},{"name":"AC","total":2},{"name":"ACDC","total":1},{"name":"APL","total":10},{"name":"LA","total":20},{"name":"PEG","total":53},{"name":"AST","total":21},{"name":"COP","total":2},{"name":"DBT","total":3},{"name":"DEVOPS","total":1},{"name":"IGN","total":18},{"name":"CAR","total":11},{"name":"LOT","total":18},{"name":"ICS","total":1},{"name":"NRB","total":4},{"name":"ONT","total":1},{"name":"INFRA","total":1},{"name":"RPT","total":11},{"name":"RTR","total":1},{"name":"RWWA","total":1},{"name":"SCOR","total":5},{"name":"SPK","total":21},{"name":"CS","total":1},{"name":"TS","total":10}];
//create node size scale
var nodeSizeScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(nodes_data, d => d.total))
.range([30, 70]);
//create node size scale
var linkSizeScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(links_data, d => d.count))
.range([5, 30]);
//create node size scale
var linkColourScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(links_data, d => d.count))
.range(['blue', 'red']);
//document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].innerHTML = '<div>' + JSON.stringify(nodes_data) + '</div>';
//create somewhere to put the force directed graph
var height = 650,
width = 950;
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
.attr('width',width)
.attr('height',height);
var radius = 15;
//set up the simulation and add forces
var simulation = d3.forceSimulation()
.nodes(nodes_data);
var link_force = d3.forceLink(links_data)
.id(function(d) { return d.name; })
;
var charge_force = d3.forceManyBody()
.strength(-1000);
var center_force = d3.forceCenter(width / 2, height / 2);
simulation
.force("charge_force", charge_force)
.force("center_force", center_force)
.force("link",link_force)
;
//add tick instructions:
simulation.on("tick", tickActions );
// THIS CODE SECTION ISN'T RENDERING
// Per-type markers, as they don't inherit styles.
svg.append("defs").selectAll("marker")
.data(["dominating"])
.enter().append("marker")
.attr("id", function (d) {
return d;
})
.attr("viewBox", "0 -5 10 10")
.attr("refX", 15)
.attr("refY", -1.5)
.attr("markerWidth", 12)
.attr("markerHeight", 12)
.attr("orient", "auto")
.append("path")
.attr("d", "M0,-5L10,0L0,5");
//add encompassing group for the zoom
var g = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "everything");
// add the curved links to our graphic
var link = g.selectAll(".link")
.data(links_data)
.enter()
.append("path")
.attr("class", "link")
.style('stroke', d => {return linkColourScale(d.count);})
.attr('stroke-opacity', 0.5)
.attr('stroke-width', d => {return linkSizeScale(d.count);});
//draw circles for the nodes
var node = g.append("g")
.attr("class", "nodes")
.selectAll("circle")
.data(nodes_data)
.enter()
.append("circle")
.attr("r", d => {return nodeSizeScale(d.total);})
.attr("fill", "#333")
.on("mouseover", mouseOver(.1))
.on("mouseout", mouseOut);
//add text labels
var text = g.append("g")
.attr("class", "labels")
.selectAll("text")
.data(nodes_data)
.enter().append("text")
.style("text-anchor","middle")
.style("font-weight", "bold")
.style("pointer-events", "none")
.attr("dy", ".35em")
.text(function(d) { return d.name });
//add drag capabilities
var drag_handler = d3.drag()
.on("start", drag_start)
.on("drag", drag_drag)
.on("end", drag_end);
drag_handler(node);
//add zoom capabilities
var zoom_handler = d3.zoom()
.on("zoom", zoom_actions);
zoom_handler(svg);
/** Functions **/
//Drag functions
//d is the node
function drag_start(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0.3).restart();
d.fx = d.x;
d.fy = d.y;
}
//make sure you can't drag the circle outside the box
function drag_drag(d) {
d.fx = d3.event.x;
d.fy = d3.event.y;
}
function drag_end(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0);
d.fx = null;
d.fy = null;
}
//Zoom functions
function zoom_actions(){
g.attr("transform", d3.event.transform)
}
function tickActions() {
//update circle positions each tick of the simulation
node
.attr("cx", function(d) { return d.x; })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return d.y; });
//update link positions
link.attr("d", positionLink);
text.attr("x", function(d) { return d.x; })
.attr("y", function(d) { return d.y; });
}
// links are drawn as curved paths between nodes,
// through the intermediate nodes
function positionLink(d) {
var offset = 30;
var midpoint_x = (d.source.x + d.target.x) / 2;
var midpoint_y = (d.source.y + d.target.y) / 2;
var dx = (d.target.x - d.source.x);
var dy = (d.target.y - d.source.y);
var normalise = Math.sqrt((dx * dx) + (dy * dy));
var offSetX = midpoint_x + offset * (dy / normalise);
var offSetY = midpoint_y - offset * (dx / normalise);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y +
"S" + offSetX + "," + offSetY +
" " + d.target.x + "," + d.target.y;
}
// build a dictionary of nodes that are linked
var linkedByIndex = {};
links_data.forEach(function(d) {
linkedByIndex[d.source.index + "," + d.target.index] = 1;
});
// check the dictionary to see if nodes are linked
function isConnected(a, b) {
return linkedByIndex[a.index + "," + b.index] || linkedByIndex[b.index + "," + a.index] || a.index == b.index;
}
// fade nodes on hover
function mouseOver(opacity) {
return function(d) {
// check all other nodes to see if they're connected
// to this one. if so, keep the opacity at 1, otherwise
// fade
node.style("stroke-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
node.style("fill-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
text.style("fill-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
// also style link accordingly
link.style("stroke-opacity", function(o) {
return o.source === d || o.target === d ? 1 : opacity;
});
link.style("stroke", function(o) {
return o.source === d || o.target === d ? linkColourScale(o.count) : "#333";
});
};
}
function mouseOut() {
node.style("stroke-opacity", 1);
node.style("fill-opacity", 1);
text.style("fill-opacity", 1);
link.style("stroke-opacity", 0.5);
link.style("stroke", d => {return linkColourScale(d.count);});
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在您引用的示例中，我对您的代码进行了相同的代码更改，似乎工作正常。
唯一需要做的额外更新是，由于您有节点连接到自身，因此我只能将marker-end属性和路径长度更新仅应用于经过过滤的链接集。
var links_data = [{"source":"ABS","target":"ABS","count":8},{"source":"ABS","target":"ATS","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"CR","count":8},{"source":"ABS","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"INT","count":16},{"source":"ABS","target":"ITS","count":9},{"source":"ABS","target":"PDG","count":1},{"source":"ABS","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"ABS","target":"PRAC","count":3},{"source":"AC","target":"AC","count":1},{"source":"AC","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"AC","target":"ITS","count":1},{"source":"ACDC","target":"ACDC","count":1},{"source":"ACDC","target":"CR","count":2},{"source":"ACDC","target":"ITS","count":13},{"source":"ACDC","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"APL","target":"APL","count":8},{"source":"APL","target":"CR","count":3},{"source":"APL","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"ITS","count":29},{"source":"APL","target":"LA","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"PEG","count":1},{"source":"APL","target":"PER","count":3},{"source":"AST","target":"AST","count":17},{"source":"AST","target":"COP","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"DBT","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"DEVOPS","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"IGN","count":1},{"source":"AST","target":"INT","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"ITS","count":32},{"source":"AST","target":"PDG","count":2},{"source":"AST","target":"PER","count":8},{"source":"ATS","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"ATS","count":21},{"source":"ATS","target":"DBT","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"INT","count":3},{"source":"ATS","target":"PDG","count":1},{"source":"ATS","target":"PEG","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"APL","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"CAR","count":9},{"source":"CAR","target":"COP","count":1},{"source":"CAR","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"CAR","target":"ITS","count":8},{"source":"IGN","target":"CR","count":4},{"source":"IGN","target":"IGN","count":13},{"source":"IGN","target":"INT","count":5},{"source":"IGN","target":"ITS","count":13},{"source":"IGN","target":"PER","count":4},{"source":"IGN","target":"PRAC","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"AC","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"LA","target":"ITS","count":37},{"source":"LA","target":"LA","count":18},{"source":"LA","target":"PER","count":2},{"source":"LOT","target":"LOT","count":18},{"source":"PDG","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"AST","count":4},{"source":"PDG","target":"ATS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"CAR","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"CR","count":8},{"source":"PDG","target":"ICS","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"IGN","count":3},{"source":"PDG","target":"INT","count":18},{"source":"PDG","target":"ITS","count":6},{"source":"PDG","target":"NRB","count":4},{"source":"PDG","target":"ONT","count":1},{"source":"PDG","target":"PDG","count":24},{"source":"PDG","target":"PER","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"CAR","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"ENV","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"INFRA","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"ITS","count":22},{"source":"PEG","target":"LA","count":1},{"source":"PEG","target":"PEG","count":51},{"source":"PEG","target":"PER","count":6},{"source":"RPT","target":"ABS","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"APL","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"IGN","count":1},{"source":"RPT","target":"INT","count":9},{"source":"RPT","target":"ITS","count":2},{"source":"RPT","target":"RPT","count":11},{"source":"RPT","target":"RTR","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"INT","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"ITS","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"PER","count":1},{"source":"RWWA","target":"RWWA","count":1},{"source":"SCOR","target":"SCOR","count":5},{"source":"SPK","target":"INT","count":4},{"source":"SPK","target":"ITS","count":4},{"source":"SPK","target":"SPK","count":21},{"source":"TS","target":"CS","count":1},{"source":"TS","target":"TS","count":10}];
var nodes_data = [{"name":"ABS","total":11},{"name":"ATS","total":23},{"name":"CR","total":25},{"name":"ENV","total":3},{"name":"INT","total":78},{"name":"ITS","total":177},{"name":"PDG","total":28},{"name":"PER","total":33},{"name":"PRAC","total":4},{"name":"AC","total":2},{"name":"ACDC","total":1},{"name":"APL","total":10},{"name":"LA","total":20},{"name":"PEG","total":53},{"name":"AST","total":21},{"name":"COP","total":2},{"name":"DBT","total":3},{"name":"DEVOPS","total":1},{"name":"IGN","total":18},{"name":"CAR","total":11},{"name":"LOT","total":18},{"name":"ICS","total":1},{"name":"NRB","total":4},{"name":"ONT","total":1},{"name":"INFRA","total":1},{"name":"RPT","total":11},{"name":"RTR","total":1},{"name":"RWWA","total":1},{"name":"SCOR","total":5},{"name":"SPK","total":21},{"name":"CS","total":1},{"name":"TS","total":10}];
//create node size scale
var nodeSizeScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(nodes_data, d => d.total))
.range([30, 70]);
//create node size scale
var linkSizeScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(links_data, d => d.count))
.range([5, 30]);
//create node size scale
var linkColourScale = d3.scaleLinear()
.domain(d3.extent(links_data, d => d.count))
.range(['blue', 'red']);
//document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].innerHTML = '<div>' + JSON.stringify(nodes_data) + '</div>';
//create somewhere to put the force directed graph
var height = 650,
width = 950;
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
.attr('width',width)
.attr('height',height);
var radius = 15;
//set up the simulation and add forces
var simulation = d3.forceSimulation()
.nodes(nodes_data);
var link_force = d3.forceLink(links_data)
.id(function(d) { return d.name; })
;
var charge_force = d3.forceManyBody()
.strength(-1000);
var center_force = d3.forceCenter(width / 2, height / 2);
simulation
.force("charge_force", charge_force)
.force("center_force", center_force)
.force("link",link_force)
;
//add tick instructions:
simulation.on("tick", tickActions );
// THIS CODE SECTION ISN'T RENDERING
// Per-type markers, as they don't inherit styles.
svg.append("defs").selectAll("marker")
.data(["dominating"])
.enter().append("marker")
.attr('markerUnits', 'userSpaceOnUse')
.attr("id", function (d) {
return d;
})
.attr("viewBox", "0 -5 10 10")
.attr("refX", 0)
.attr("refY", 0)
.attr("markerWidth", 12)
.attr("markerHeight", 12)
.attr("orient", "auto-start-reverse")
.append("path")
.attr("d", "M0,-5L10,0L0,5")
.attr("fill", "red");
//add encompassing group for the zoom
var g = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "everything");
// add the curved links to our graphic
var link = g.selectAll(".link")
.data(links_data)
.enter()
.append("path")
.attr("class", "link")
.style('stroke', d => {return linkColourScale(d.count);})
.attr('stroke-opacity', 0.5)
.attr('stroke-width', d => {return linkSizeScale(d.count);})
.attr("marker-end", function(d) {
if(JSON.stringify(d.target) !== JSON.stringify(d.source))
return "url(#dominating)";
});
//draw circles for the nodes
var node = g.append("g")
.attr("class", "nodes")
.selectAll("circle")
.data(nodes_data)
.enter()
.append("circle")
.attr("r", d => {return nodeSizeScale(d.total);})
.attr("fill", "#333")
.on("mouseover", mouseOver(.1))
.on("mouseout", mouseOut);
//add text labels
var text = g.append("g")
.attr("class", "labels")
.selectAll("text")
.data(nodes_data)
.enter().append("text")
.style("text-anchor","middle")
.style("font-weight", "bold")
.style("pointer-events", "none")
.attr("dy", ".35em")
.text(function(d) { return d.name });
//add drag capabilities
var drag_handler = d3.drag()
.on("start", drag_start)
.on("drag", drag_drag)
.on("end", drag_end);
drag_handler(node);
//add zoom capabilities
var zoom_handler = d3.zoom()
.on("zoom", zoom_actions);
zoom_handler(svg);
/** Functions **/
//Drag functions
//d is the node
function drag_start(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0.3).restart();
d.fx = d.x;
d.fy = d.y;
}
//make sure you can't drag the circle outside the box
function drag_drag(d) {
d.fx = d3.event.x;
d.fy = d3.event.y;
}
function drag_end(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0);
d.fx = null;
d.fy = null;
}
//Zoom functions
function zoom_actions(){
g.attr("transform", d3.event.transform)
}
function tickActions() {
//update circle positions each tick of the simulation
node
.attr("cx", function(d) { return d.x; })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return d.y; });
//update link positions
link.attr("d", positionLink1);
link.filter(function(d){ return JSON.stringify(d.target) !== JSON.stringify(d.source); })
.attr("d",positionLink2);
text.attr("x", function(d) { return d.x; })
.attr("y", function(d) { return d.y; });
}
function positionLink1(d) {
var dx = d.target.x - d.source.x,
dy = d.target.y - d.source.y,
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + d.target.x + "," + d.target.y;
}
// recalculate and back off the distance
function positionLink2(d) {
// length of current path
var pl = this.getTotalLength(),
// radius of circle plus marker head
r = nodeSizeScale(d.target.total)+ 12, //12 is the "size" of the marker Math.sqrt(12**2 + 12 **2)
// position close to where path intercepts circle
m = this.getPointAtLength(pl - r);
var dx = m.x - d.source.x,
dy = m.y - d.source.y,
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + m.x + "," + m.y;
}
// build a dictionary of nodes that are linked
var linkedByIndex = {};
links_data.forEach(function(d) {
linkedByIndex[d.source.index + "," + d.target.index] = 1;
});
// check the dictionary to see if nodes are linked
function isConnected(a, b) {
return linkedByIndex[a.index + "," + b.index] || linkedByIndex[b.index + "," + a.index] || a.index == b.index;
}
// fade nodes on hover
function mouseOver(opacity) {
return function(d) {
// check all other nodes to see if they're connected
// to this one. if so, keep the opacity at 1, otherwise
// fade
node.style("stroke-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
node.style("fill-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
text.style("fill-opacity", function(o) {
thisOpacity = isConnected(d, o) ? 1 : opacity;
return thisOpacity;
});
// also style link accordingly
link.style("stroke-opacity", function(o) {
return o.source === d || o.target === d ? 1 : opacity;
});
link.style("stroke", function(o) {
return o.source === d || o.target === d ? linkColourScale(o.count) : "#333";
});
};
}
function mouseOut() {
node.style("stroke-opacity", 1);
node.style("fill-opacity", 1);
text.style("fill-opacity", 1);
link.style("stroke-opacity", 0.5);
link.style("stroke", d => {return linkColourScale(d.count);});
}body {
width:99%;
height:100%;
background: #111111;
}
.svg {
width:1000;
height:1000;
}
.link {
fill: none;
}
.labels {
font-family: Arial;
fill: white;
}<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/5.7.0/d3.min.js"></script>