如何在Java中迭代lambda函数

时间:2018-08-25 08:39:25

标签: java python lambda java-8 java-stream

我能够用Python做到这一点,而我的Python代码是:

signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}

a = 5
b = 3
for i in signs.keys():
    print(signs[i](a,b))

输出为:

8
2

如何通过HashMap在Java中执行相同的操作?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:23)

在这种情况下,您可以像这样使用BinaryOperator<Integer>

BinaryOperator<Integer> add = (a, b) -> a + b;//lambda a, b : a + b
BinaryOperator<Integer> sub = (a, b) -> a - b;//lambda a, b : a - b

// Then create a new Map which take the sign and the corresponding BinaryOperator
// equivalent to signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}
Map<String, BinaryOperator<Integer>> signs = Map.of("+", add, "-", sub);

int a = 5; // a = 5
int b = 3; // b = 3

// Loop over the sings map and apply the operation
signs.values().forEach(v -> System.out.println(v.apply(a, b)));

输出

8
2

Map.of("+", add, "-", sub);的注意事项我使用的是Java 10,如果您使用的不是Java 9+,则可以这样添加到地图中:

Map<String, BinaryOperator<Integer>> signs = new HashMap<>();
signs.put("+", add);
signs.put("-", sub);

Ideone demo


良好做法

正如@Boris the Spider@Holger在评论中所指出的,最好使用IntBinaryOperator来避免装箱,最后您的代码应如下所示:

// signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}
Map<String, IntBinaryOperator> signs = Map.of("+", (a, b) -> a + b, "-", (a, b) -> a - b);
int a = 5; // a = 5
int b = 3; // b = 3
// for i in signs.keys(): print(signs[i](a,b))
signs.values().forEach(v -> System.out.println(v.applyAsInt(a, b)));

答案 1 :(得分:14)

为自己创建一个不错的,类型安全的enum

enum Operator implements IntBinaryOperator {
    PLUS("+", Integer::sum),
    MINUS("-", (a, b) -> a - b);

    private final String symbol;
    private final IntBinaryOperator op;

    Operator(final String symbol, final IntBinaryOperator op) {
        this.symbol = symbol;
        this.op = op;
    }

    public String symbol() {
        return symbol;
    }

    @Override
    public int applyAsInt(final int left, final int right) {
        return op.applyAsInt(left, right);
    }
}

对于其他运算符,您可能希望返回一个double而不是int的lambda。

现在,只需将其转储到Map中即可:

final var operators = Arrays.stream(Operator.values())
        .collect(toMap(Operator::symbol, identity()));

以您的示例为例,您根本不需要Map

Arrays.stream(Operator.values())
        .mapToInt(op -> op.applyAsInt(a,b))
        .forEach(System.out::println);

使用:

import static java.util.function.Function.identity;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap;