我能够用Python做到这一点,而我的Python代码是:
signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}
a = 5
b = 3
for i in signs.keys():
print(signs[i](a,b))
输出为:
8
2
如何通过HashMap在Java中执行相同的操作?
答案 0 :(得分:23)
在这种情况下,您可以像这样使用BinaryOperator<Integer>
:
BinaryOperator<Integer> add = (a, b) -> a + b;//lambda a, b : a + b
BinaryOperator<Integer> sub = (a, b) -> a - b;//lambda a, b : a - b
// Then create a new Map which take the sign and the corresponding BinaryOperator
// equivalent to signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}
Map<String, BinaryOperator<Integer>> signs = Map.of("+", add, "-", sub);
int a = 5; // a = 5
int b = 3; // b = 3
// Loop over the sings map and apply the operation
signs.values().forEach(v -> System.out.println(v.apply(a, b)));
输出
8
2
Map.of("+", add, "-", sub);
的注意事项我使用的是Java 10,如果您使用的不是Java 9+,则可以这样添加到地图中:
Map<String, BinaryOperator<Integer>> signs = new HashMap<>();
signs.put("+", add);
signs.put("-", sub);
正如@Boris the Spider和@Holger在评论中所指出的,最好使用IntBinaryOperator
来避免装箱,最后您的代码应如下所示:
// signs = {"+" : lambda a, b : a + b, "-" : lambda a, b : a - b}
Map<String, IntBinaryOperator> signs = Map.of("+", (a, b) -> a + b, "-", (a, b) -> a - b);
int a = 5; // a = 5
int b = 3; // b = 3
// for i in signs.keys(): print(signs[i](a,b))
signs.values().forEach(v -> System.out.println(v.applyAsInt(a, b)));
答案 1 :(得分:14)
为自己创建一个不错的,类型安全的enum
:
enum Operator implements IntBinaryOperator {
PLUS("+", Integer::sum),
MINUS("-", (a, b) -> a - b);
private final String symbol;
private final IntBinaryOperator op;
Operator(final String symbol, final IntBinaryOperator op) {
this.symbol = symbol;
this.op = op;
}
public String symbol() {
return symbol;
}
@Override
public int applyAsInt(final int left, final int right) {
return op.applyAsInt(left, right);
}
}
对于其他运算符,您可能希望返回一个double
而不是int
的lambda。
现在,只需将其转储到Map
中即可:
final var operators = Arrays.stream(Operator.values())
.collect(toMap(Operator::symbol, identity()));
以您的示例为例,您根本不需要Map
:
Arrays.stream(Operator.values())
.mapToInt(op -> op.applyAsInt(a,b))
.forEach(System.out::println);
使用:
import static java.util.function.Function.identity;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap;