如何使用JSONDecoder和Swift 4 Decodabale类对此进行解码

Question

我已经使用JSONSerialization对此进行了解码。但是就我自己的知识和代码的维护而言。我想知道如何解码。

这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

let urlString = "site deleted" + "/DataSource/Mobile/?Action=MyProfile&uid=" + uid + "&uuid=" + uuid
    guard let url = URL(string: urlString) else {return}
    URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { (data, _, error) in
        if let err = error {
            print("Handle MyProfileJSON error: ", err)
        }
        guard let data = data else {return}
        do {
            // swift 4.2 but we cant use it right now
            let profile = try JSONDecoder().decode(RequestResult.self, from: data)
        print(profile)
        completion(profile)
    } catch let err {
        print("Handle Decoder Error: ", err)
    }

}.resume()

我不太担心这些案件，但这是我到目前为止的事情。我知道我使用的不是惯例，这就是为什么我使用JSONSerialization做到这一点，所以可以使用 camelCase 。如果您也可以帮助我将其转换为camelCase，那将是惊人的，但是我的重点是使用Decodable类对此进行解码。非常感谢，伙计们。

这是我的结构：

struct RequestResult: Decodable {
    var Action: String?
    var Params: [String: String]?
    var DATA: [String: String]?
}

struct Params: Decodable {
    var Action_get: String?
    var uid_get: String?
}

struct DATA: Decodable {
    var Id: String?
    var UserCode: String?
    var HomePhone: String?
    var Mobile: String?
    var WorkPhone: String?
    var Email: String?
    var AltEmail: String?
    var UnitNo: String?
    var StreetNo: String?
    var StreetName: String?
    var City: String?
    var StateProvince: String?
    var Country: String?
    var ZipPostalCode: String?
}

Answer 1

JSON的结构非常清晰

• 根对象RequestResult包含一个字符串和两个字典。
• 字典被结构替换。
• CodingKeys可用于将键重命名为更有意义且符合约定的名称。枚举案例的左侧是struct成员名称，右侧是原始JSON密钥。
• 结构成员名称必须与字典键（或映射的CodingKey）匹配。
• 结构名称是任意的。

• 所有结构成员都可以声明为常量（let，如果JSON始终包含密钥，则可以声明为非可选。

  struct RequestResult: Decodable {
  
      private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
          case action = "Action", params = "Params", data = "DATA"
      }
  
      let action: String
      let params: Parameter
      let data: UserData
  }
  

• 密钥Params的字典将重命名为Parameter，而DATA则重命名为UserData

  struct Parameter: Decodable {
      private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
          case action = "Action_get", uid = "uid_get"
      }
  
      let action: String
      let get: String
  }
  
  struct UserData: Decodable {
  
      private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
          case id = "Id", userCode = "UserCode", homePhone = "HomePhone"
          case mobile = "Mobile", workPhone = "WorkPhone", email = "Email"
          case altEmail = "AltEmail", unitNo = "UnitNo", streetNo = "StreetNo"
          case streetName = "StreetName", city = "City", stateProvince = "StateProvince"
          case country = "Country", zipPostalCode = "ZipPostalCode"
      }
  
      let id: String, userCode, homePhone, mobile: String
      let workPhone, email, altEmail, unitNo: String
      let streetNo, streetName, city, stateProvince: String
      let country, zipPostalCode: String
  }