在Windows 8.1上，我想在Julia 1.0中移植Ada 2012程序。该程序通过系统库user32与键盘和控制台进行交互。
例如，在Ada中，通过以下说明在同一台计算机上成功完成了_kbhit的导入：
pragma Linker_Options ("-luser32");
function Kbhit return Integer;
pragma Import (C, Kbhit, "_kbhit");
在Julia 1.0中，应通过_kbhit调用（如果我没记错，因为我是Julia初学者）：
t = ccall((:_kbhit, "C:/Windows/System32/user32.dll"), Int32,())
但是出现以下错误：
ERROR: LoadError: ccall: could not find function _kbhit in library C:/Windows/System32/user32.dll
我尝试了几种其他方法来定义库路径，但均未成功。
dlopen（“ user32”）也失败。
问题是：朱莉娅我在做什么错？
这里是Ada软件包的主体，该软件包导入了C函数以与控制台和键盘接口：
pragma C_Pass_By_Copy (128);
with Interfaces; use Interfaces;
with Text_IO; use Text_IO;
--with Text_IO.Integer_IO; use Text_IO.Integer_IO;
with Ada.Integer_Text_IO; use Ada.Integer_Text_IO;
package body Nt_Console is
pragma Linker_Options ("-luser32");
---------------------
-- WIN32 INTERFACE --
---------------------
Beep_Error : exception;
Fill_Char_Error : exception;
Cursor_Get_Error : exception;
Cursor_Set_Error : exception;
Cursor_Pos_Error : exception;
Buffer_Info_Error : exception;
Set_Attribute_Error : exception;
Invalid_Handle_Error : exception;
Fill_Attribute_Error : exception;
Cursor_Position_Error : exception;
subtype Dword is Unsigned_32;
subtype Handle is Unsigned_32;
subtype Word is Unsigned_16;
subtype Short is Short_Integer;
subtype Winbool is Integer;
type Lpdword is access all Dword;
pragma Convention (C, Lpdword);
type Nibble is mod 2 ** 4;
for Nibble'Size use 4;
type Attribute is record
Foreground : Nibble;
Background : Nibble;
Reserved : Unsigned_8 := 0;
end record;
for Attribute use record
Foreground at 0 range 0 .. 3;
Background at 0 range 4 .. 7;
Reserved at 1 range 0 .. 7;
end record;
for Attribute'Size use 16;
pragma Convention (C, Attribute);
type Coord is record
X : Short;
Y : Short;
end record;
pragma Convention (C, Coord);
type Small_Rect is record
Left : Short;
Top : Short;
Right : Short;
Bottom : Short;
end record;
pragma Convention (C, Small_Rect);
type Console_Screen_Buffer_Info is record
Size : Coord;
Cursor_Pos : Coord;
Attrib : Attribute;
Window : Small_Rect;
Max_Size : Coord;
end record;
pragma Convention (C, Console_Screen_Buffer_Info);
type Pconsole_Screen_Buffer_Info is access all Console_Screen_Buffer_Info;
pragma Convention (C, Pconsole_Screen_Buffer_Info);
type Console_Cursor_Info is record
Size : Dword;
Visible : Winbool;
end record;
pragma Convention (C, Console_Cursor_Info);
type Pconsole_Cursor_Info is access all Console_Cursor_Info;
pragma Convention (C, Pconsole_Cursor_Info);
function Getch return Integer;
pragma Import (C, Getch, "_getch");
function Kbhit return Integer;
pragma Import (C, Kbhit, "_kbhit");
function Messagebeep (Kind : Dword) return Dword;
pragma Import (Stdcall, Messagebeep, "MessageBeep");
function Getstdhandle (Value : Dword) return Handle;
pragma Import (Stdcall, Getstdhandle, "GetStdHandle");
function Getconsolecursorinfo
(Buffer : Handle;
Cursor : Pconsole_Cursor_Info)
return Winbool;
pragma Import (Stdcall, Getconsolecursorinfo, "GetConsoleCursorInfo");
function Setconsolecursorinfo
(Buffer : Handle;
Cursor : Pconsole_Cursor_Info)
return Winbool;
pragma Import (Stdcall, Setconsolecursorinfo, "SetConsoleCursorInfo");
function Setconsolecursorposition
(Buffer : Handle;
Pos : Coord)
return Dword;
pragma Import
(Stdcall,
Setconsolecursorposition,
"SetConsoleCursorPosition");
function Setconsoletextattribute
(Buffer : Handle;
Attr : Attribute)
return Dword;
pragma Import
(Stdcall,
Setconsoletextattribute,
"SetConsoleTextAttribute");
function Getconsolescreenbufferinfo
(Buffer : Handle;
Info : Pconsole_Screen_Buffer_Info)
return Dword;
pragma Import
(Stdcall,
Getconsolescreenbufferinfo,
"GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo");
function Fillconsoleoutputcharacter
(Console : Handle;
Char : Character;
Length : Dword;
Start : Coord;
Written : Lpdword)
return Dword;
pragma Import
(Stdcall,
Fillconsoleoutputcharacter,
"FillConsoleOutputCharacterA");
function Fillconsoleoutputattribute
(Console : Handle;
Attr : Attribute;
Length : Dword;
Start : Coord;
Written : Lpdword)
return Dword;
pragma Import
(Stdcall,
Fillconsoleoutputattribute,
"FillConsoleOutputAttribute");
Win32_Error : constant Dword := 0;
Invalid_Handle_Value : constant Handle := -1;
Std_Output_Handle : constant Dword := -11;
Color_Value : constant array (Color_Type) of Nibble :=
(0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15);
Color_Type_Value : constant array (Nibble) of Color_Type :=
(Black,
Blue,
Green,
Cyan,
Red,
Magenta,
Brown,
Gray,
Black,
Light_Blue,
Light_Green,
Light_Cyan,
Light_Red,
Light_Magenta,
Yellow,
White);
-----------------------
-- PACKAGE VARIABLES --
-----------------------
Output_Buffer : Handle;
Num_Bytes : aliased Dword;
Num_Bytes_Access : Lpdword := Num_Bytes'Access;
Buffer_Info_Rec : aliased Console_Screen_Buffer_Info;
Buffer_Info : Pconsole_Screen_Buffer_Info := Buffer_Info_Rec'Access;
-------------------------
-- SUPPORTING SERVICES --
-------------------------
procedure Get_Buffer_Info is
begin
if Getconsolescreenbufferinfo (Output_Buffer, Buffer_Info) =
Win32_Error
then
raise Buffer_Info_Error;
end if;
end Get_Buffer_Info;
--------------------
-- CURSOR CONTROL --
--------------------
function Cursor_Visible return Boolean is
Cursor : aliased Console_Cursor_Info;
begin
if Getconsolecursorinfo (Output_Buffer, Cursor'Unchecked_Access) =
0
then
raise Cursor_Get_Error;
end if;
return Cursor.Visible = 1;
end Cursor_Visible;
procedure Set_Cursor (Visible : in Boolean) is
Cursor : aliased Console_Cursor_Info;
begin
if Getconsolecursorinfo (Output_Buffer, Cursor'Unchecked_Access) =
0
then
raise Cursor_Get_Error;
end if;
if Visible then
Cursor.Visible := 1;
else
Cursor.Visible := 0;
end if;
if Setconsolecursorinfo (Output_Buffer, Cursor'Unchecked_Access) =
0
then
raise Cursor_Set_Error;
end if;
end Set_Cursor;
function Where_X return X_Pos is
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
return X_Pos (Buffer_Info_Rec.Cursor_Pos.X);
end Where_X;
function Where_Y return Y_Pos is
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
return Y_Pos (Buffer_Info_Rec.Cursor_Pos.Y);
end Where_Y;
procedure Goto_Xy
(X : in X_Pos := X_Pos'First;
Y : in Y_Pos := Y_Pos'First)
is
New_Pos : Coord := (Short (X), Short (Y));
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
if New_Pos.X > Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.X then
New_Pos.X := Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.X;
end if;
if New_Pos.Y > Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.Y then
New_Pos.Y := Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.Y;
end if;
if Setconsolecursorposition (Output_Buffer, New_Pos) =
Win32_Error
then
raise Cursor_Pos_Error;
end if;
end Goto_Xy;
-------------------
-- COLOR CONTROL --
-------------------
function Get_Foreground return Color_Type is
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
return Color_Type_Value (Buffer_Info_Rec.Attrib.Foreground);
end Get_Foreground;
function Get_Background return Color_Type is
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
return Color_Type_Value (Buffer_Info_Rec.Attrib.Background);
end Get_Background;
procedure Set_Foreground (Color : in Color_Type := Gray) is
Attr : Attribute;
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
Attr.Foreground := Color_Value (Color);
Attr.Background := Buffer_Info_Rec.Attrib.Background;
if Setconsoletextattribute (Output_Buffer, Attr) = Win32_Error then
raise Set_Attribute_Error;
end if;
end Set_Foreground;
procedure Set_Background (Color : in Color_Type := Black) is
Attr : Attribute;
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
Attr.Foreground := Buffer_Info_Rec.Attrib.Foreground;
Attr.Background := Color_Value (Color);
if Setconsoletextattribute (Output_Buffer, Attr) = Win32_Error then
raise Set_Attribute_Error;
end if;
end Set_Background;
--------------------
-- SCREEN CONTROL --
--------------------
procedure screen_dimension is
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
-- wx:=integer(buffer_info_rec.size.x);
-- wy:=integer(buffer_info_rec.size.y);
wx:=integer(buffer_info_rec.window.right - buffer_info_rec.window.left + 1);
wy:=integer(buffer_info_rec.window.Bottom - buffer_info_rec.window.top + 1);
end screen_dimension;
procedure Clear_Screen (Color : in Color_Type := Black) is
Length : Dword;
Attr : Attribute;
Home : constant Coord := (0, 0);
begin
Get_Buffer_Info;
Length := Dword (Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.X) *
Dword (Buffer_Info_Rec.Size.Y);
Attr.Background := Color_Value (Color);
Attr.Foreground := Buffer_Info_Rec.Attrib.Foreground;
if Setconsoletextattribute (Output_Buffer, Attr) = Win32_Error then
raise Set_Attribute_Error;
end if;
if Fillconsoleoutputattribute
(Output_Buffer,
Attr,
Length,
Home,
Num_Bytes_Access) =
Win32_Error
then
raise Fill_Attribute_Error;
end if;
if Fillconsoleoutputcharacter
(Output_Buffer,
' ',
Length,
Home,
Num_Bytes_Access) =
Win32_Error
then
raise Fill_Char_Error;
end if;
if Setconsolecursorposition (Output_Buffer, Home) = Win32_Error then
raise Cursor_Position_Error;
end if;
end Clear_Screen;
-------------------
-- SOUND CONTROL --
-------------------
procedure Bleep is
begin
if Messagebeep (16#FFFFFFFF#) = Win32_Error then
raise Beep_Error;
end if;
end Bleep;
-------------------
-- INPUT CONTROL --
-------------------
function Get_Key return Character is
Temp : Integer;
begin
Temp := Getch;
if Temp = 16#00E0# then
Temp := 0;
end if;
return Character'Val (Temp);
end Get_Key;
function Key_Available return Boolean is
begin
if Kbhit = 0 then
return False;
else
return True;
end if;
end Key_Available;
protected body Screen is
-------------
-- Goto_XY --
-------------
entry Goto_XY (X : in Integer; Y : Integer) when True is
begin
-- Generated stub: replace with real body!
NT_Console.Goto_XY (X, Y);
-- raise Program_Error;
end Goto_XY;
-----------------
-- clearscreen --
-----------------
entry clearscreen when True is
begin
-- Generated stub: replace with real body!
NT_Console.Clear_Screen;
-- raise Program_Error;
end clearscreen;
entry Ecritcolor
(X : Integer;
Y : Integer;
S1 : String;
S2 : String) when True
is
begin
NT_Console.Goto_XY (X, Y);
Set_Foreground (Magenta);
Put (S1);
Put (S2);
Set_Foreground (White);
end Ecritcolor;
entry Ecrit
(X : Integer;
Y : Integer;
S1 : String;
S2 : String) when True
is
begin
NT_Console.Goto_XY (x, y);
Put (s1);
Put (s2);
end Ecrit;
end Screen;
begin
--------------------------
-- WIN32 INITIALIZATION --
--------------------------
Output_Buffer := Getstdhandle (Std_Output_Handle);
if Output_Buffer = Invalid_Handle_Value then
raise Invalid_Handle_Error;
end if;
-- begin
screen_dimension;
put(wx);put(" "); put(wy);
delay 1.0;
end Nt_Console;