Spring JPA-意外的AST节点

Question

我启动了一个项目来学习Spring Data JPA。该查询将检索与数据库中的个人资料相关联的所有Contract。

要求搜索条件必须是动态的：可以是空，空或值，此行是构建这样的语句的示例：

(?1 is null or ?1 = '' or (p.fullname like %?1% and c.borrowerId = p.id))

但是执行时，我遇到了一个错误：Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: unexpected AST node

这是我要执行的查询，有人可以解释为什么代码出现上面的错误吗？如果设置了nativeQuery = true，则查询可以成功执行，但如果尝试使用HQL语法，则查询将出错。

以下是查询：

@Query(value = "select c from Contract c, Profile p where \n" +
"(?1 is null or ?1 = '' or (p.fullname like %?1% and c.borrowerId = p.id)) and \n" +
"(?2 is null or ?2 = '' or (p.phone like (select phone where p.phone like %?2% and p.id = c.borrowerId group by p.phone))) \n" +
"and (?3 is null or ?3 = '' or c.createdDate >= ?3) and (?4 is null or ?4 = '' or c.createdDate <= ?4) " + "and (?5 is null or ?5 = '' or c.status = ?5) ")
Page<Contract> findContractsWithOptionalParameters(String name, String phone, Date startDate, Date endDate, String status, Pageable pageable);