所以这是一张大图：我的目标是使用ELK堆栈+ filebeat为大量（.txt）数据建立索引。
基本上，我的问题是filebeat似乎无法将日志发送到logstash。我的猜测是，某些docker网络配置已关闭...
我的项目的代码位于https://github.com/mhyousefi/elk-docker。
为此，我有一个docker-compose.yml从图像sebp/elk运行一个容器，如下所示：
version: '2'
services:
elk:
container_name: elk
image: sebp/elk
ports:
- "5601:5601"
- "9200:9200"
- "5045:5044"
volumes:
- /path/to/volumed-folder:/logstash
networks:
- elk_net
networks:
elk_net:
driver: bridge
创建容器后，我将转到容器bash终端并运行以下命令：
/opt/logstash/bin/logstash --path.data /tmp/logstash/data -f /logstash/config/filebeat-config.conf
运行此命令，我得到以下日志，然后它将开始等待而不打印任何其他日志：
$ /opt/logstash/bin/logstash --path.data /tmp/logstash/data -f /logstash/config/filebeat-config.conf
Sending Logstash's logs to /opt/logstash/logs which is now configured via log4j2.properties
[2018-08-14T11:51:11,693][INFO ][logstash.setting.writabledirectory] Creating directory {:setting=>"path.queue", :path=>"/tmp/logstash/data/queue"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:11,701][INFO ][logstash.setting.writabledirectory] Creating directory {:setting=>"path.dead_letter_queue", :path=>"/tmp/logstash/data/dead_letter_queue"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:12,194][WARN ][logstash.config.source.multilocal] Ignoring the 'pipelines.yml' file because modules or command line options are specified
[2018-08-14T11:51:12,410][INFO ][logstash.agent ] No persistent UUID file found. Generating new UUID {:uuid=>"3646b6e4-d540-4c9c-a38d-2769aef5a05e", :path=>"/tmp/logstash/data/uuid"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:13,089][INFO ][logstash.runner ] Starting Logstash {"logstash.version"=>"6.3.2"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:15,554][INFO ][logstash.pipeline ] Starting pipeline {:pipeline_id=>"main", "pipeline.workers"=>6, "pipeline.batch.size"=>125, "pipeline.batch.delay"=>50}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,088][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Elasticsearch pool URLs updated {:changes=>{:removed=>[], :added=>[http://localhost:9200/]}}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,101][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Running health check to see if an Elasticsearch connection is working {:healthcheck_url=>http://localhost:9200/, :path=>"/"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,291][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Restored connection to ES instance {:url=>"http://localhost:9200/"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,391][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] ES Output version determined {:es_version=>6}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,398][WARN ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Detected a 6.x and above cluster: the `type` event field won't be used to determine the document _type {:es_version=>6}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,460][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] New Elasticsearch output {:class=>"LogStash::Outputs::ElasticSearch", :hosts=>["//localhost:9200"]}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,515][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Using mapping template from {:path=>nil}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,559][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Attempting to install template {:manage_template=>{"template"=>"logstash-*", "version"=>60001, "settings"=>{"index.refresh_interval"=>"5s"}, "mappings"=>{"_default_"=>{"dynamic_templates"=>[{"message_field"=>{"path_match"=>"message", "match_mapping_type"=>"string", "mapping"=>{"type"=>"text", "norms"=>false}}}, {"string_fields"=>{"match"=>"*", "match_mapping_type"=>"string", "mapping"=>{"type"=>"text", "norms"=>false, "fields"=>{"keyword"=>{"type"=>"keyword", "ignore_above"=>256}}}}}], "properties"=>{"@timestamp"=>{"type"=>"date"}, "@version"=>{"type"=>"keyword"}, "geoip"=>{"dynamic"=>true, "properties"=>{"ip"=>{"type"=>"ip"}, "location"=>{"type"=>"geo_point"}, "latitude"=>{"type"=>"half_float"}, "longitude"=>{"type"=>"half_float"}}}}}}}}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,688][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch] Installing elasticsearch template to _template/logstash
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,899][INFO ][logstash.inputs.beats ] Beats inputs: Starting input listener {:address=>"0.0.0.0:5045"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:16,925][INFO ][logstash.pipeline ] Pipeline started successfully {:pipeline_id=>"main", :thread=>"#<Thread:0x54ab986e run>"}
[2018-08-14T11:51:17,170][INFO ][org.logstash.beats.Server] Starting server on port: 5045
[2018-08-14T11:51:17,187][INFO ][logstash.agent ] Pipelines running {:count=>1, :running_pipelines=>[:main], :non_running_pipelines=>[]}
[2018-08-14T11:51:17,637][INFO ][logstash.agent ] Successfully started Logstash API endpoint {:port=>9601}
现在，filebeat-config.conf的样子如下：
input {
beats {
port => "5044"
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => [ "localhost:9200" ]
index => "%{[@metadata][beat]}"
}
}
我的filebeat容器是使用下面的docker-compose.yml文件创建的：
version: "2"
services:
filebeat:
container_name: filebeat
hostname: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.3.0
user: root
# command: ./filebeat -c /usr/share/filebeat-volume/config/filebeat.yml -E name=mybeat
volumes:
# "volumed-folder" lies under ${PROJECT_DIR}/filebeat or could be anywhere else you wish
- /path/to/volumed-folder:/usr/share/filebeat/filebeat-volume:ro
networks:
- filebeat_net
networks:
filebeat_net:
external: true
创建容器后，我将转到容器bash终端，将filebeat.yml下的现有/usr/share/filebeat替换为我已卷过的容器，然后运行命令：
./filebeat -e -c ./filebeat.yml -E name="mybeat"
终端立即显示以下日志：
root@filebeat filebeat]# ./filebeat -e -c ./filebeat.yml -E name="mybeat"
2018-08-14T12:13:16.325Z INFO instance/beat.go:492 Home path: [/usr/share/filebeat] Config path: [/usr/share/filebeat] Data path: [/usr/share/filebeat/data] Logs path: [/usr/share/filebeat/logs]
2018-08-14T12:13:16.325Z INFO instance/beat.go:499 Beat UUID: 3b4b3897-ef77-43ad-b982-89e8f690a96e
2018-08-14T12:13:16.325Z INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:716 Beat info {"system_info": {"beat": {"path": {"config": "/usr/share/filebeat", "data": "/usr/share/filebeat/data", "home": "/usr/share/filebeat", "logs": "/usr/share/filebeat/logs"}, "type": "filebeat", "uuid": "3b4b3897-ef77-43ad-b982-89e8f690a96e"}}}
2018-08-14T12:13:16.325Z INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:725 Build info {"system_info": {"build": {"commit": "a04cb664d5fbd4b1aab485d1766f3979c138fd38", "libbeat": "6.3.0", "time": "2018-06-11T22:34:44.000Z", "version": "6.3.0"}}}
2018-08-14T12:13:16.325Z INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:728 Go runtime info {"system_info": {"go": {"os":"linux","arch":"amd64","max_procs":6,"version":"go1.9.4"}}}
2018-08-14T12:13:16.327Z INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:732 Host info {"system_info": {"host": {"architecture":"x86_64","boot_time":"2018-08-04T17:34:15Z","containerized":true,"hostname":"filebeat","ips":["127.0.0.1/8","172.28.0.2/16"],"kernel_version":"4.4.0-116-generic","mac_addresses":["02:42:ac:1c:00:02"],"os":{"family":"redhat","platform":"centos","name":"CentOS Linux","version":"7 (Core)","major":7,"minor":5,"patch":1804,"codename":"Core"},"timezone":"UTC","timezone_offset_sec":0}}}
2018-08-14T12:13:16.328Z INFO [beat] instance/beat.go:761 Process info {"system_info": {"process": {"capabilities": {"inheritable":["chown","dac_override","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","net_bind_service","net_raw","sys_chroot","mknod","audit_write","setfcap"],"permitted":["chown","dac_override","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","net_bind_service","net_raw","sys_chroot","mknod","audit_write","setfcap"],"effective":["chown","dac_override","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","net_bind_service","net_raw","sys_chroot","mknod","audit_write","setfcap"],"bounding":["chown","dac_override","fowner","fsetid","kill","setgid","setuid","setpcap","net_bind_service","net_raw","sys_chroot","mknod","audit_write","setfcap"],"ambient":null}, "cwd": "/usr/share/filebeat", "exe": "/usr/share/filebeat/filebeat", "name": "filebeat", "pid": 93, "ppid": 28, "seccomp": {"mode":"filter"}, "start_time": "2018-08-14T12:13:15.530Z"}}}
2018-08-14T12:13:16.328Z INFO instance/beat.go:225 Setup Beat: filebeat; Version: 6.3.0
2018-08-14T12:13:16.329Z INFO pipeline/module.go:81 Beat name: mybeat
2018-08-14T12:13:16.329Z WARN [cfgwarn] beater/filebeat.go:61 DEPRECATED: prospectors are deprecated, Use `inputs` instead. Will be removed in version: 7.0.0
2018-08-14T12:13:16.330Z INFO [monitoring] log/log.go:97 Starting metrics logging every 30s
2018-08-14T12:13:16.330Z INFO instance/beat.go:315 filebeat start running.
2018-08-14T12:13:16.330Z INFO registrar/registrar.go:112 Loading registrar data from /usr/share/filebeat/data/registry
2018-08-14T12:13:16.330Z INFO registrar/registrar.go:123 States Loaded from registrar: 0
2018-08-14T12:13:16.331Z WARN beater/filebeat.go:354 Filebeat is unable to load the Ingest Node pipelines for the configured modules because the Elasticsearch output is not configured/enabled. If you have already loaded the Ingest Node pipelines or are using Logstash pipelines, you can ignore this warning.
2018-08-14T12:13:16.331Z INFO crawler/crawler.go:48 Loading Inputs: 1
2018-08-14T12:13:16.331Z INFO log/input.go:111 Configured paths: [/usr/share/filebeat-volume/data/Shakespeare.txt]
2018-08-14T12:13:16.331Z INFO input/input.go:87 Starting input of type: log; ID: 1899165251698784346
2018-08-14T12:13:16.331Z INFO crawler/crawler.go:82 Loading and starting Inputs completed. Enabled inputs: 1
每30秒显示以下内容：
2018-08-14T12:13:46.334Z INFO [monitoring] log/log.go:124 Non-zero metrics in the last 30s {"monitoring": {"metrics": {"beat":{"cpu":{"system":{"ticks":20,"time":{"ms":24}},"total":{"ticks":30,"time":{"ms":36},"value":30},"user":{"ticks":10,"time":{"ms":12}}},"info":{"ephemeral_id":"16c484f0-0cf8-4c10-838d-b39755284af9","uptime":{"ms":30017}},"memstats":{"gc_next":4473924,"memory_alloc":3040104,"memory_total":3040104,"rss":21061632}},"filebeat":{"harvester":{"open_files":0,"running":0}},"libbeat":{"config":{"module":{"running":0}},"output":{"type":"logstash"},"pipeline":{"clients":1,"events":{"active":0}}},"registrar":{"states":{"current":0}},"system":{"cpu":{"cores":6},"load":{"1":1.46,"15":1.52,"5":1.66,"norm":{"1":0.2433,"15":0.2533,"5":0.2767}}}}}}
并且在Kibana中没有创建索引模式。
这是我的filebeat.yml的样子：
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
paths:
- /path/to/a/log/file
output.logstash:
hosts: ["elk:5044"]
setup.kibana:
host: "localhost:5601"
我已经使用this stackoverflow question定义了networks文件的docker-compose部分，以便我的容器可以使用它们的container_name相互对话。
所以，当我这样做
output.logstash:
hosts: ["elk:5044"]
我希望filebeat将日志发送到elk容器的端口5044，logstash在其中侦听传入的消息。
我在终端中运行filebeat之后，实际上在执行docker-compose up elk的终端中确实看到以下日志：
elk |
elk | ==> /var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log <==
elk | [2018-08-14T11:51:16,974][INFO ][o.e.c.m.MetaDataIndexTemplateService] [fZr_LDR] adding template [logstash] for index patterns [logstash-*]
我假设在logstash和filebeat之间进行了某种通信。
但是，另一方面，尽管遵循了上面提到的stackoverflow响应，但是我无法在filebeat容器中执行ping elk。主机名无法解析。
感谢您的帮助！
更新（2018年8月15日）
我认为我什至不需要为我的ELK容器打开端口。发生的情况是Logstash正在侦听容器内的端口5044。只要filebeat.yml容器中的Filebeat文件可以解析ELK主机，然后将其日志发送到那里的5044端口（“ elk：5044”），它们都应该可以正常工作
这就是为什么我删除了"5045:5044"行，并修复了networks容器的docker-compose.yml文件中的Filebeat部分，使其包含以下内容的原因：
networks:
filebeat_net:
external:
name: elk_elk_net
这似乎可行，因为当我执行ping elk时，我得到了连接。
虽然网络问题已解决（我可以ping通！），但是Logstash和Filebeat之间的连接仍然很麻烦，并且每30秒不断收到以下消息。
2018-08-14T12:13:46.334Z INFO [monitoring] log/log.go:124 Non-zero metrics in the last 30s {"monitoring": {"metrics": {"beat":{"cpu":{"system":{"ticks":20,"time":{"ms":24}},"total":{"ticks":30,"time":{"ms":36},"value":30},"user":{"ticks":10,"time":{"ms":12}}},"info":{"ephemeral_id":"16c484f0-0cf8-4c10-838d-b39755284af9","uptime":{"ms":30017}},"memstats":{"gc_next":4473924,"memory_alloc":3040104,"memory_total":3040104,"rss":21061632}},"filebeat":{"harvester":{"open_files":0,"running":0}},"libbeat":{"config":{"module":{"running":0}},"output":{"type":"logstash"},"pipeline":{"clients":1,"events":{"active":0}}},"registrar":{"states":{"current":0}},"system":{"cpu":{"cores":6},"load":{"1":1.46,"15":1.52,"5":1.66,"norm":{"1":0.2433,"15":0.2533,"5":0.2767}}}}}}
在我的filebeat容器的终端中，以详细模式运行filebeat命令时，我还会定期获取以下日志：
2018-08-15T16:26:41.986Z DEBUG [input] input/input.go:124 Run input
2018-08-15T16:26:41.986Z DEBUG [input] log/input.go:147 Start next scan
2018-08-15T16:26:41.986Z DEBUG [input] log/input.go:168 input states cleaned up. Before: 0, After: 0, Pending: 0
答案 0 :(得分：1)
默认情况下，在容器中的命名空间中进行网络连接，这意味着每个容器都将获得其自己的专用ip，而容器中的localhost仅位于该容器的本地。
这意味着您需要在配置文件中指定弹性服务器的DNS条目，而不是localhost。在组合和群模式下，将自动使用指向您的容器的DNS条目来设置服务名称：
input {
beats {
port => "5044"
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => [ "elk:9200" ]
index => "%{[@metadata][beat]}"
}
}
这还要求您在容器之间共享一个公共网络。在同一撰写文件中创建所有内容时，默认情况下会得到此信息。当部署多个堆栈/项目时，您需要至少在一个文件中定义一个公共外部网络。由于我无法告诉您的麋鹿项目名称知道完整的网络名称，因此您可以对麋鹿进行以下更改以将其连接到filebeat_net：
version: '2'
services:
elk:
container_name: elk
image: sebp/elk
ports:
- "5601:5601"
- "9200:9200"
- "5045:5044"
volumes:
- /path/to/volumed-folder:/logstash
networks:
- elk_net
- filebeat_net
networks:
elk_net:
driver: bridge
filebeat_net:
external: true
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我终于能够解决我的问题。首先，如我问题的 UPDATE（2018年8月15日）部分所述，解决了容器连接问题。
Filebeat无法将日志发送到Logstash的问题是由于我没有明确指定要启用的输入/输出配置（这对我来说是一个令人沮丧的事实）在文档中没有明确提及）。因此，通过以下修复方式更改我的filebeat.yml文件可以解决问题。
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
enabled: true
paths:
- ${PWD}/filebeat-volume/data/*.txt
output.logstash:
enabled: true
hosts: ["elk:5044"]
index: "your cusotm index"
setup.kibana:
host: "elk:5601"
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我有一个类似的问题，但是我发生的事情是我的端口没有暴露给容器外部的应用程序。 我所做的只是公开其他应用程序的端口。 我在安装带有-p 5044选项的docker时做到了，5044是将用于侦听请求的端口。
docker run -d --name logstash
-p 5044:5044
--restart=always
-e "XPACK.MONITORING.ELASTICSEARCH.URL=http://ELASTIC_IP:9200"
docker.elastic.co/logstash/logstash:7.0.0