我正在尝试在C ++中实现观察者设计模式,如下所示
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我正在向对象明确注册对象。这是正确的方法还是我只需要通过观察者类进行注册。上面的方法有什么问题吗?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
这是在回调集合中使用lambda和function
对象进行回调的示例。
细节可能相差很大!因此,这种代码不是“唯一的”方式,而只是您的代码以一种特定的方式进行了重写,而无数种可能性。但这有望显示出现代C ++的总体思想。
#include <iostream>
#include <functional> // std::function
#include <stdint.h> // uint64_t
#include <unordered_map> // std::unordered_map
#include <utility> // std::move
#include <vector> // std::vector
using namespace std;
namespace my
{
using Callback = function<void()>;
template< class Key, class Value > using Map_ = unordered_map<Key, Value>;
class Subject
{
public:
enum Id: uint64_t {};
private:
Map_<uint64_t, Callback> m_callbacks;
static auto id_value()
-> uint64_t&
{
static uint64_t the_id;
return the_id;
}
public:
auto add_listener( Callback cb )
-> Id
{
const auto id = Id( ++id_value() );
m_callbacks.emplace( id, move( cb ) );
return id;
}
auto remove_listener( const Id id )
-> bool
{
const auto it = m_callbacks.find( id );
if( it == m_callbacks.end() )
{
return false;
}
m_callbacks.erase( it );
return true;
}
void notify_all() const
{
for( const auto& pair : m_callbacks )
{
pair.second();
}
}
};
}
struct Observer_1
{
void notify() { cout << "Observer_1::notify() called." << endl; }
};
struct Observer_2
{
void notify() { cout << "Observer_2::notify() called." << endl; }
};
auto main()
-> int
{
my::Subject subject;
Observer_1 one;
Observer_2 two;
using Id = my::Subject::Id;
const Id listener_id_1 = subject.add_listener( [&]{ one.notify(); } );
const Id listener_id_2 = subject.add_listener( [&]{ two.notify(); } );
cout << "After adding two listeners:" << endl;
subject.notify_all();
cout << endl;
subject.remove_listener( listener_id_1 )
and (cout << "Removed listener 1." << endl)
or (cout << "Did not find registration of listener 1." << endl);
cout << endl;
cout << "After removing or attempting to remove listener 1:" << endl;
subject.notify_all();
}