Question

我有一个目录会创建每天的文件，例如“ 2018-08-14-9-22-4”，创建的文件名是yyyy-mm-dd-h-m-s，如何通过``2018-08-14''之类的子字符串检查文件是否存在？并获取文件全名和文件大小？

my $file =  "$yy-$mm-$dd-$hh-$mm-$ss";
my $path = '/home/httpd/doc/$user/$year/[every day file]'

Answer 1

最简单的方法是使用glob中的模式匹配，然后在文件上使用stat。

for my $name ( glob('2018-08-14-*') ) { 
    my $size = ( stat($name) )[7];
    say "name is '$name', size is $size bytes";
}

或更妙的是...使用File::stat

use File::stat;

for my $name ( glob('2018-08-14-*') ) { 
    my $size = stat($name)->size;
    say "name is '$name', size is $size bytes";
}

我在r/perl上回答了一个类似的问题，如果您对做自己想做的事情的不同方式感兴趣，则值得阅读

更新

如果您创建了文件名变量，并且想要检查它是否存在，只需使用file test operators

my $file =  "$yy-$mm-$dd-$hh-$mm-$ss";
my $path = "/home/httpd/doc/$user/$year/";

if (-e $path) { say "$path exists" }
if (-d $path) { say "$path is a dir" }
if (-w $path) { say "$path is a writeable" }

if (-e "$path/$file" && -r "$path/$file" ) {
    say "$path/$file exists and is readable"
}

Answer 2

您的路径（如果包含变量）应加双引号。如果路径是单引号，则$file和$year不会被插值

use v5.10;
use strict;
use warnings;
use File::Basename;

my ($user,$year) = @ARGV;
my $check = '2018-08-14';

opendir my $dir_handle, "/home/httpd/doc/$user/$year/";

# use File::Basename to get the filename from each file in the dir
# use regex to check if each filename starts with the string to check for
while (readdir $dir_handle) {
    my $name = basename($_);
    if ($name =~ /^$check/) {
        say "$name found. size: ". -s $dir.$name;
    }
}

如何检查文件是否存在并通过子字符串获取文件大小？

2 个答案: