序列化字段时如何获取字符串切片(Django / DRF)

时间:2018-08-13 21:16:52

标签: python django django-rest-framework

第一次在这里问,我会听起来很聪明! 因此,我有一个名为“ Article”的模型,并在其中的“ text”字段中填充了1000多个字符。如何做到这一点,以便在通过端点发送“ Article”序列化对象时只发送“ text”字段的前200个字符?

views.py

class ArticleScrape(generics.ListAPIView):                                                                                                                                                                          
    queryset = Article.objects.all()                                                                                                                                                                                
    serializer_class = ArticleSerializer                                                                                                                                                                            

    def list(self,request):                                                                                                                                                                           
        serializer = ArticleSerializer(queryset, many=True)                                                                                                                                                         
        return Response(serializer.data) 

serializers.py

class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):                                                                                                                                                               
    authors = EachAuthorSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)                                                                                                                                                        
    tags = EachTagSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)                                                                                                                                                              
    text = serializers.CharField(max_length=200)                                                                                                                                                                    
    class Meta:                                                                                                                                                                                                     
        model = Article                                                                                                                                                                                             
        exclude=('id',) 

我需要在查询集中执行此操作吗?在序列化器中?我是否要注释字段?我已经尝试了很多这种方法,但都没有成功。预先感谢您的帮助!

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

有不同的方法,我更喜欢的第一种方法是向模型添加属性,并将其字段添加到序列化器:

class Article(models.Modle):
    ...
    @property
    def summary(self):
        return self.text[:200]


class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):                                                                                                                                                               
    summary = serializers.CharField()                                                                                                                                                        

对于第二种方法,您可以使用SerializerMethodField:

class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):                                                                                                                                                               
    summary = serializers.SerializerMethodField() 

    def get_summary(self, obj):
        return obj.text[:200]

答案 1 :(得分:0)

另一种方法是创建自己的自定义字段:

class CustomCharField(serializers.CharField):

    def __init__(self, repr_length, **kwargs):
        self.repr_length = repr_length
        super(CustomCharField, self).__init__(**kwargs)

    def to_representation(self, value):
        return super(CustomCharField, self).to_representation(value)[:self.repr_length]

并在序列化程序中使用它:

class ArticleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    text = CustomCharField(repr_length=200)

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我喜欢zeynel建议的“ CustomCharField”方法。此版本使用Django的Truncator

from django.utils.text import Truncator
from rest_framework import serializers

class TruncatedCharField(serializers.CharField):
    def __init__(self, length=200, **kwargs):
        self.length = length
        super().__init__(**kwargs)

    def to_representation(self, value):
        repr_ = super().to_representation(value)
        return Truncator(repr_).chars(self.length)