我想编写一个有时需要在Windows 10版本1803(2018年4月更新)上启动另一个应用程序(主要是Sumatra PDF)的进程的程序。
这些应用程序应在特定的监视器上启动。我还希望能够在需要时关闭进程。
首选语言是C#和Java,但可以提供任何帮助。
编辑
我尝试直接在C ++代码中使用ShellExecuteExW
函数suggested by IInspectable,但是它不起作用,因为应用程序出现在主监视器上。我肯定是犯了一个错误,因为我是WinAPI的新手,对C ++的了解很少。
#include <Windows.h>
HMONITOR monitors[2]; // As it's only a test and I have currently only two monitors.
int monitorsCount = 0;
BOOL CALLBACK Monitorenumproc(HMONITOR hMonitor, HDC hdc, LPRECT lprect, LPARAM lparam)
{
monitors[monitorsCount] = hMonitor;
monitorsCount++;
return TRUE;
}
int main()
{
EnumDisplayMonitors(NULL, NULL, Monitorenumproc, 0);
_SHELLEXECUTEINFOW info;
ZeroMemory(&info, sizeof(info));
info.cbSize = sizeof(info);
info.fMask = SEE_MASK_HMONITOR;
//info.lpVerb = L"open";
info.lpFile = L"C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe";
info.nShow = SW_SHOW;
info.hMonitor = monitors[1]; // Trying to start on the second monitor.
ShellExecuteExW(&info);
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
正如其他人所建议的,这是Windows的预期行为,并且有充分的理由。
此外,您不能至少依赖SumatraPDF的默认窗口放置,因为它肯定不使用CW_USEDEFAULT,而是将这些值存储在:
%USERPROFILE%\ AppData \ Roaming \ SumatraPDF \ SumatraPDF-settings.txt
但是有多种选择:
免责声明:我没有编写完整的代码,为了节省时间,我从几个来源中提取了代码,进行了调整,粘贴在一起,并使用SumantraPDF进行了测试。还要注意,该代码不是最高标准,但是可以解决您的问题,并且将作为一个可以完成的示例。
C ++代码 :(向下滚动以获取C#代码)
#include <Windows.h>
#include <vector>
// 0 based index for preferred monitor
static const int PREFERRED_MONITOR = 1;
struct ProcessWindowsInfo
{
DWORD ProcessID;
std::vector<HWND> Windows;
ProcessWindowsInfo(DWORD const AProcessID)
: ProcessID(AProcessID)
{
}
};
struct MonitorInfo
{
HMONITOR hMonitor;
RECT rect;
};
BOOL WINAPI EnumProcessWindowsProc(HWND hwnd, LPARAM lParam)
{
ProcessWindowsInfo *info = reinterpret_cast<ProcessWindowsInfo*>(lParam);
DWORD WindowProcessID;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd, &WindowProcessID);
if (WindowProcessID == info->ProcessID)
{
if (GetWindow(hwnd, GW_OWNER) == (HWND)0 && IsWindowVisible(hwnd))
{
info->Windows.push_back(hwnd);
}
}
return true;
}
BOOL CALLBACK Monitorenumproc(HMONITOR hMonitor, HDC hdc, LPRECT lprect, LPARAM lParam)
{
std::vector<MonitorInfo> *info = reinterpret_cast<std::vector<MonitorInfo>*>(lParam);
MonitorInfo monitorInfo = { 0 };
monitorInfo.hMonitor = hMonitor;
monitorInfo.rect = *lprect;
info->push_back(monitorInfo);
return TRUE;
}
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
// NOTE: for now this code works only when the window is not already visible
// could be easily modified to terminate existing process as required
SHELLEXECUTEINFO info = { 0 };
info.cbSize = sizeof(info);
info.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
info.lpFile = L"C:\\Program Files\\SumatraPDF\\SumatraPDF.exe";
info.nShow = SW_SHOW;
std::vector<MonitorInfo> connectedMonitors;
// Get all available displays
EnumDisplayMonitors(NULL, NULL, Monitorenumproc, reinterpret_cast<LPARAM>(&connectedMonitors));
if (ShellExecuteEx(&info))
{
WaitForInputIdle(info.hProcess, INFINITE);
ProcessWindowsInfo Info(GetProcessId(info.hProcess));
// Go though all windows from that process
EnumWindows((WNDENUMPROC)EnumProcessWindowsProc, reinterpret_cast<LPARAM>(&Info.ProcessID));
if (Info.Windows.size() == 1)
{
// only if we got at most 1 window
// NOTE: applications can have more than 1 top level window. But at least for SumtraPDF this works!
if (connectedMonitors.size() >= PREFERRED_MONITOR)
{
// only move the window if we were able to successfully detect available monitors
SetWindowPos(Info.Windows.at(0), 0, connectedMonitors.at(PREFERRED_MONITOR).rect.left, connectedMonitors.at(PREFERRED_MONITOR).rect.top, 0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOZORDER);
}
}
CloseHandle(info.hProcess);
}
return 0;
}
强调我在代码中的注释之一。 仅当相关进程尚未运行时,此代码才有效。您可以按照自己的要求调整代码。
更新:由于我意识到OP更喜欢C#,因此在下面添加了C#代码。该代码还具有终止逻辑。
C#代码:
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern bool SetWindowPos(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hWndInsertAfter, int X, int Y, int cx, int cy, int uFlags);
private const int SWP_NOSIZE = 0x0001;
private const int SWP_NOZORDER = 0x0004;
private const int PREFERRED_MONITOR = 1;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// NOTE: you will have to reference System.Windows.Forms and System.Drawing (or
// equivalent WPF assemblies) for Screen and Rectangle
// Terminate existing SumatraPDF process, else we will not get the MainWindowHandle by following method.
List<Process> existingProcesses = Process.GetProcessesByName("SumatraPDF").ToList();
foreach (var existingProcess in existingProcesses)
{
// Ouch! Ruthlessly kill the existing SumatraPDF instances
existingProcess.Kill();
}
// Start the new instance of SumantraPDF
Process process = Process.Start(@"C:\Program Files\SumatraPDF\SumatraPDF.exe");
// wait max 5 seconds for process to be active
process.WaitForInputIdle(5000);
if (Screen.AllScreens.Length >= PREFERRED_MONITOR)
{
SetWindowPos(process.MainWindowHandle,
IntPtr.Zero,
Screen.AllScreens[PREFERRED_MONITOR].WorkingArea.Left,
Screen.AllScreens[PREFERRED_MONITOR].WorkingArea.Top,
0, 0, SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOZORDER);
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:2)
SEE_MASK_HMONITOR
只是一个请求。应用程序可以选择自己的窗口位置。 SEE_MASK_HMONITOR
仅在执行的应用程序依赖于默认窗口放置时才起作用,即,它使用CW_USEDEFAULT
因此,通常无法满足您的需求。如果您不控制启动的应用程序,则您的代码将尽可能地好。