嵌套打字稿泛型

时间:2018-08-11 05:49:22

标签: typescript generics nested-generics

我有以下课程:

class Walls { }
class Furniture { }
class Layout<T extends Walls | Furniture> { }
class Space extends Layout<Walls> { }
class Room extends Layout<Furniture> { }

我需要创建这两个类:

class SpaceController extends LayoutController<Space> { }
class RoomController extends LayoutController<Room> {}

要做到这一点,我不能创建LayoutController这样的类:

class LayoutController<T extends Layout>{ }

因为Layout需要一个Type参数。

我可以改成这个:

class LayoutController<U, T extends Layout<U extends Walls | Furniture>>{ }

但这意味着我将必须这样做:

class SpaceController extends LayoutController<Walls, Space> { }
class RoomController extends LayoutController<Furniture, Room> {}

我觉得这是多余的。而且,它为错误提供了空间。没有什么可以阻止我写作:

class RoomController extends LayoutController<Walls, Room> {}

我该如何解决?

有关LayoutController的更多详细信息:

class LayoutController<T> extends React.Component<{}, LayoutControllerState<T>>() { }
interface LayoutControllerState<T> { 
  selectedLayout: T;
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

虽然多键入两个类型参数的解决方案还不错,但如果U与布局所期望的T不兼容,并且正确指定了类型约束,则会给您适当的错误:< / p>

class Walls { height!: number; }
class Furniture { price!: number; }
class Layout<T extends Walls | Furniture> { children: T[] = []; }
class Space extends Layout<Walls> { private x: undefined; }
class Room extends Layout<Furniture> { private x: undefined; }

class LayoutController<U extends Walls | Furniture, T extends Layout<U>>{
    getValue(u: U) : void{}
}

class SpaceController extends LayoutController<Walls, Space> { }
class RoomController extends LayoutController<Furniture, Room> {}
class ErrController extends LayoutController<Walls, Room> {}  //Type 'Room' does not satisfy the constraint 'Layout<Walls>

我们可以使用条件类型从Layout类型中提取泛型参数,并将其作为U的默认值。因此,我们不必指定冗余参数:

type ExtractLayoutParameter<T extends Layout<any>> = T extends Layout<infer U> ? U: never;
class LayoutController<T extends Layout<any>, U extends Walls | Furniture= ExtractLayoutParameter<T>>{
    getValue(u: U) : void{}
}

class SpaceController extends LayoutController<Space> { }
class RoomController extends LayoutController<Room> {}
new SpaceController().getValue(new Walls())
new SpaceController().getValue(new Furniture()) // error

我们也可以使用条件类型而不是U,从而不允许用户将U更改为布局所接受的派生类型(取决于您的用例的功能或设计)您决定的限制):

type ExtractLayoutParameter<T extends Layout<any>> = T extends Layout<infer U> ? U: never;
class LayoutController<T extends Layout<any>>{
    getValue(u: ExtractLayoutParameter<T>) : void{}
}

class SpaceController extends LayoutController<Space> { }
class RoomController extends LayoutController<Room> {}
new SpaceController().getValue(new Walls())
new SpaceController().getValue(new Furniture()) // error