我正在尝试将XML树中的Value文本替换为树中其他子元素的文本。我是Python新手,在编写此代码时需要一些帮助。
我的XML示例,其中省略了一些元素的长度:
<SalesOrder>
<SalesOrderLines>
<SalesOrderLine>
<Item>
<LineNo>1</LineNo>
<Quantity>4.00</Quantity>
</Item>
<ConfigurationDetails>
<ConfigurationDetail>
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>ConfigurationModel</Name>
<Value>HV</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>EXWidth</Name>
<Value>59.5</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>EXHeight</Name>
<Value>59.5</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>Handing</Name>
<Value>XO</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>LongDescription</Name>
<Value>This is a long paragraph of text i want to replace with
the above text for the Value sub-element</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
</ConfigurationDetail>
</ConfigurationDetails>
</SalesOrderLine>
</SalesOrderLines>
</SalesOrder>
这是我第一次使用ElementTree
库的Python代码:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from tkinter import Tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
Tk().withdraw()
file = askopenfilename()
tree = ET.parse(file)
root = tree.getroot()
def model():
for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
model = ''
if descrip == 'ConfigurationModel':
model = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text
def handing():
for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
handing = ''
if descrip == 'Handing' and ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value') is
not None:
handing = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text
def width():
for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
width = ''
if descrip == 'EXWidth':
width = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text
def height():
for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
height = ''
if descrip == 'EXHeight':
height = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text
for ConfigurationAttribute in root.iter('ConfigurationAttribute'):
descrip = ConfigurationAttribute.find('Name').text
if descrip == 'LongDescription':
model()
handing()
width()
height()
ConfigurationAttribute.find('Value').text = str(model), str(handing),
str(width), '" x ', str(height), '"'
tree.write(asksaveasfilename(defaultextension='.xml',))
这将输出错误。我正在寻找的是将Value子元素中的文本段落替换为ConfigurationModel,Handing,EXWidth和EXHeight Name子元素中的Value子元素文本,如下所示:
<ConfigurationAttribute>
<Name>LongDescription</Name>
<Value> HV, XO, 59.5" x 59.5"</Value>
</ConfigurationAttribute>
以下是我在运行代码时收到的错误:
回溯(最近通话最近): 文件“ \ app \ users \ Home \ natep \ Documents \ NP \ py \ PrestoParse.py”,第59行,在 tree.write(asksaveasfilename(defaultextension ='。xml',)) 写入文件“ C:\ Users \ natep.RANDK \ AppData \ Local \ Programs \ Python \ Python37-32 \ lib \ xml \ etree \ ElementTree.py”,行777 short_empty_elements = short_empty_elements) 文件“ C:\ Users \ natep.RANDK \ AppData \ Local \ Programs \ Python \ Python37-32 \ lib \ xml \ etree \ ElementTree.py”,行942,在_serialize_xml中 short_empty_elements = short_empty_elements) 文件“ C:\ Users \ natep.RANDK \ AppData \ Local \ Programs \ Python \ Python37-32 \ lib \ xml \ etree \ ElementTree.py”,行942,在_serialize_xml中 short_empty_elements = short_empty_elements) 文件“ C:\ Users \ natep.RANDK \ AppData \ Local \ Programs \ Python \ Python37-32 \ lib \ xml \ etree \ ElementTree.py”,行942,在_serialize_xml中 short_empty_elements = short_empty_elements) [上一行重复了3次] 文件“ C:\ Users \ natep.RANDK \ AppData \ Local \ Programs \ Python \ Python37-32 \ lib \ xml \ etree \ ElementTree.py”,行939,在_serialize_xml中 写(_escape_cdata(文本)) TypeError:write()参数必须是str,而不是元组
在输出文件中,我尝试更改的Value子元素为空,没有结束标记,并且此后的所有内容都已删除。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
考虑XSLT,一种专用于转换XML文件的专用语言。 Python的第三方模块lxml
可以运行XSLT 1.0脚本(而不是内置的etree
),并且无需一个循环即可运行。
具体来说,XSLT脚本运行Identity Transform以照原样复制整个文档。然后,脚本通过提取带有条件XPath(到XSLT的兄弟姐妹)表达式的先前兄弟姐妹,并最终将文本值与逗号分隔符和所需的引号连接在一起,来调整最后一个 Value 节点。
XSLT (另存为.xsl文件,这是一个特殊的.xml文件,将在下面的Python中加载)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="@* | node()">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates select="@* | node()"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="ConfigurationAttribute[Name='LongDescription']">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates select="Name"/>
<Value>
<xsl:value-of select="concat(preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='ConfigurationModel']/Value, ', ',
preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='Handing']/Value, ', ',
preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='EXWidth']/Value, '"', ' X ',
preceding-sibling::ConfigurationAttribute[Name='EXHeight']/Value, '"')"/>
</Value>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Python
import lxml.etree as et
# LOAD XML AND XSL
doc = et.parse('/path/to/Input.xml')
xsl = et.parse('/path/to/XSLT_Script.xsl')
# CONFIGURE TRANSFORMER
transform = et.XSLT(xsl)
# RUN TRANSFORMATION
result = transform(doc)
# PRINT RESULT
print(result)
# SAVE TO FILE
with open('output.xml', 'wb') as f:
f.write(result)