原因

Question

我正在努力使此过滤器正常工作。

我将其设置为根据卡片标题（h5）仅过滤和显示搜索的内容。它会过滤掉不需要的标题，但不会过滤掉卡的其余部分。

为了更好地解释，这里有一个演示- JS Element Filter

这是代码：

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

Answer 1

原因

您只隐藏标题（h5.card-title），而不是整个卡片（div.card）

解决方案

首先获得整个卡片的参考。然后隐藏该元素，而不仅仅是标题。

实施A

要获得对整个卡的引用，一种快速而肮脏的解决方案是通过parentElement属性对其进行访问。由于您的<h5>的父卡是card-body，并且它的父卡是您通过h5[i].parentElement.parentElement访问的整个卡。

因此将h5[i].style.display更改为h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display 像这样：

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].parentElement.parentElement.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

实施B

一个更可靠的解决方案是遍历卡片而不是标题。这样，您可以直接引用该卡，而不必摆弄父母元素。当您只想搜索文本时，使用innerText属性访问名片标题中的文本字符串也可能会很有用。

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, cards, cardContainer, h5, title, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    cardContainer = document.getElementById("myItems");
    cards = cardContainer.getElementsByClassName("card");
    for (i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
        title = cards[i].querySelector(".card-body h5.card-title a");
        if (title.innerText.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            cards[i].style.display = "";
        } else {
            cards[i].style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

Answer 2

您必须隐藏整个卡片容器，而不是仅隐藏标题（h5）。例如，可以在标题上使用parentNode进行快速更正

if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
    h5[i].parentNode.style.display = "";
} else {
    h5[i].parentNode.style.display = "none";
}

Answer 3

您正在隐藏标题。您要隐藏的是卡。

您可以通过执行h5 [i] .parentNode.parentNode来完成此操作，因为标题嵌套在卡的两层深处。

如果您的客户端浏览器支持，则可以使用Closest ancestor matching selector using native DOM?

或者如果您可以使用jQuery，则可以搜索$(h5[i]).closest('.card');

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        var current = h5[i];
        a = current.getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            current.parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "";
        } else {
            current.parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

但是我实际上会建议您使用getElementsByClassName来获取所有卡，然后遍历它们，通过类名选择h5元素，然后以这种方式访问h5的innerText诸如链接title="some thing cool here"之类的不可见文本不会挡路。

请参见下面的代码段。

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, myItems, cards, i, current, h5, text;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    myItems = document.getElementById("myItems");
    cards = myItems.getElementsByClassName("card");
    
    for (i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
        current = cards[i];
        h5 = current.getElementsByClassName('card-title')[0];
        text = h5.innerText.toUpperCase();
        if (text.indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            current.style.display = "";
        } else {
            current.style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

.container {
  padding: 10px;
}

ul li {
  list-style: none;
  
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <input type="text" id="myFilter" class="form-control" onkeyup="myFunction()" placeholder="Search for names..">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="myItems">
    <div class="col-sm-12 mb-3">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card One</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Two</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title"><a href="#">Card Three</a></h5>
          <h6 class="card-subtitle mb-2 text-muted">Card subtitle</h6>
          <p class="card-text">Some text.</p>
        </div>
      </div>      
    </div>    
  </div>
</div>

Answer 4

这里的问题是您仅将display:none设置为h5，反之亦然，而不是整个卡本身。

在这里看到

function myFunction() {
    var input, filter, card, h5, a, i;
    input = document.getElementById("myFilter");
    filter = input.value.toUpperCase();
    card = document.getElementById("myItems");
    h5 = card.getElementsByTagName("h5");
    for (i = 0; i < h5.length; i++) {
        a = h5[i].getElementsByTagName("a")[0];
        if (a.innerHTML.toUpperCase().indexOf(filter) > -1) {
            h5[i].closest(".card").style.display = "";
        } else {
            h5[i].closest(".card").style.display = "none";
        }
    }
}

我已经对其进行了更改，以便使其成为其最亲代的父级，在这里其父类为.card

h5[i].closest(".card")

或者，如果您的目标浏览器不支持.closest，则可以使用

h5[i].parentNode.parentNode.style.display = "none"

在此处查看我叉出的完整Codepen：https://codepen.io/anon/pen/gjKgjN

如何使用JavaScript过滤器过滤元素？

4 个答案:

原因

解决方案